高中被動語態(tài)練習(xí)題及答案詳解

1、高中被動語態(tài)練習(xí)題及答案詳解 一、單項選擇被動語態(tài) The film “Schindlers List”, was _ by a real person, named Oskar Schindler1 promptedAinspired B insuredCrised D A【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】A. inspiredB. promptedC. risedD. insured確保。鼓舞；上升；考查過去分詞。引起，提示；辛德勒。結(jié)合句意可句意：電影辛德勒的名單的靈感來自一個真實的人，名叫奧斯卡 A。知此處用被動語態(tài)，故答案為 2At the awarding ceremony held i

2、n Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what _ in science and technology. has been discoveredhas discovered BA had been discoveredhad discovered DC D【答案】【解析】句意：在東京舉行的頒獎儀式上，科學(xué)家們驚訝于科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)現(xiàn)?？茖W(xué)家們感whatdiscover是被動關(guān)系，故選到驚訝是過去式，故科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)現(xiàn)用過去完成時，于動詞 D。 Her own story _ and this book is expected to come out nex

3、t week.3 has been writtenAhad been written B has writtenhad written DC B【答案】 【解析】句意：她自己的故事已經(jīng)被寫出來了，這部書有望下周出版。由句意可知，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完 成時的被動語態(tài)。故選。 Many artifacts _ for the first time in the National Museum at present.4 were being exhibitedAwere exhibited B are exhibitedare being exhibited DC C【答案】【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)與語態(tài)。句意

4、：許多史前古器物目前正在國家博物館首次展出。根“at present”artifactsexhibit與謂語可知，句子描述現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動作，主語據(jù)時間狀語 C。之間是被動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)。故選 Quantities of soil _ in the area, resulting in the increasing number of natural disasters.5 have washed awayis washed away BA have been washed awayhave washed away DC D【答案】【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在這個地區(qū)大量的

5、土壤被沖走了，結(jié)果導(dǎo)致自然災(zāi)害數(shù)soilwash away是被動關(guān)系，此處指土壤已經(jīng)被沖走并對現(xiàn)在造成影響，和量增加。句中 D。故要用現(xiàn)在完成時，要用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，故選 6105The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. will be madeAwill make B had madeChas been made D B【答案】202015年東京奧運(yùn)會上將增加【解析】考查

6、動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：國際奧委會宣布在2020可以看出是將來的動作，項目和增加是被動關(guān)系，故要用將來時個比賽項目。從年份 B。的被動，故選 Chinese kites in ancient times _ in the shape of birds.7 had designeddesign BA have been designedwere designed DC C【答案】in ancient 【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在古代中國的風(fēng)箏被設(shè)計成鳥的形狀。根據(jù)times可知，句子用一般過去時態(tài)，根據(jù)動詞與主語是被動關(guān)系，故用一般過去時的被動語 C。態(tài)，故選 Oral English exa

7、ms _ in China twice a year to give more chances to the students.8 will be heldAhas held B has been heldwill hold DC B【答案】【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：英語口語考試將在中國每年舉行兩次，為的是給學(xué)生更Oral English examshold是被動關(guān)系，表示動作將要進(jìn)行不是完多的機(jī)會。句中主語和動詞 BD。成，排除，故選 Various efforts _ in the past decades to protect the environment.9 have madeh

8、ad made BA have been madeCwere made D D【答案】【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在過去的幾十年里，為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出了各種努力。根據(jù)in the past decadesefforts是句子主語，復(fù)數(shù)形式，和謂語動詞可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)， Dmake。之間是被動關(guān)系，所以此處用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，故答案為 -Have you telephoned your father?10 - Yes, he back next week. expectsBAis expected will be expectedwill expect CD A【答案】 【解析】sb

9、be ?-是的，他有望明年回來。這里你給你的父親打電話了嗎試題分析：句意：heexpected to do應(yīng)指的是現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在盼望明年回來，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，這里 A。父親。根據(jù)句意故選 考點(diǎn)：考查動詞時態(tài)及語態(tài)的用法。 11It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that _ for the death of so many innocent people. were to blameDwas blamed Bwas to blame Aare blamed C B【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】be to blame的

10、用法。句意：是自然災(zāi)害，而不是人為錯誤，應(yīng)對這么多考查主謂一致以及”be to blame for“時，固定短語，因此無辜人類的死亡負(fù)責(zé)。表示負(fù)責(zé)應(yīng)受責(zé)備，應(yīng)對the natural disasterAC，是一個強(qiáng)調(diào)句，謂語動詞應(yīng)與主語保持、排除項；這里強(qiáng)調(diào)主語 Bwas to blamethe natural disaster項。，故選一致，即與保持一致，因此用 12In no time_ by a string of measures backing Hainans efforts to deepen reform and opening-up. the landmark decision

11、 was followedA was the landmark decision followedB did the landmark decision followC； the landmark decision had been followed;D A【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】考察句子語序。句意：在這重大決議之后會出臺一系列的辦法來支持海南深化改革和擴(kuò)大In no time（立刻，馬上）位于句首，句子用陳述語序，不用部分倒裝。另外，該句開放。 A。陳述的過去的事情，因而用一般過去時，綜述選 【點(diǎn)睛】be動詞，情態(tài)動詞或助動關(guān)于部分倒裝。部分倒裝，也叫不完全倒裝，指的是謂語部分的詞放在主

12、語之前的結(jié)構(gòu)。常見的部分倒裝分以下幾類：第一，否定性副詞或者賦詞短語，seldomhardlyat no time, in no case, on no occasionHardly 等位于句首時，比如，比如，does he get late. onlyonly in this way can we 修飾副詞性短語謂語句首時，比如第二， )succeed.in no time (，不是否定意義的短語，故不用部分倒裝。而本題中立刻，馬上 13No decision _A_ about any future appointment until all the candidates have bee

13、n interviewed. is madewill be made BA has been madeDCis being made A【答案】 【解析】makedecision是動賓關(guān)系，所以用被動式，因為后試題分析：考查時態(tài)，主語是和動詞“about any future appointment關(guān)可以知道動作未發(fā)生，所以用將來時，句子意思面的句子 A”，所以選于未來會議沒有做出任何決定直到所有的報考者已經(jīng)被采訪 考點(diǎn)：考查時態(tài)點(diǎn)評：做時態(tài)題時，首先看時間狀語，由時間狀語來確定句子的時態(tài)；如果沒有時間狀 語，可以根據(jù)隱含的意思來確定句子時態(tài)。 I intend to buy that kin

14、d of clothes because I _ that they _ well.14 have been told; washhave told; wash AB have been told; are washedwas told; washed DC B【答案】 【解析】考察時態(tài)。根據(jù)題意，我想買那種衣服，因為有人告訴過我他們洗起來不錯?？芍獜木鋬?nèi)容為過去已經(jīng)完成的動作，故用過去完成時態(tài)。他們洗起來不錯則是一個客觀存在的事 B。實，過去存在，現(xiàn)在及將來都會存在，故用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。選 around here for a long time.I saw Jack in the lift t

15、his morning. He 15 wasnt seenwont be seen BA hadnt been seenhasnt been seen DC D【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】考查過去完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。句意：今天早上我在電梯里看見杰克。他好久沒在這附近this morningfor a long time可知此空是更靠前可知這是過去的事情；再根據(jù)露面了。根據(jù) DseeHe。的動作，且句子主語之間是一種被動關(guān)系，所以用過去完成時態(tài)，故選和 If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happene

16、d.16 would be putDwere put Cshould be put BAhad been put A【答案】 【解析】 【分析】 【詳解】 考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果這個新的安全系統(tǒng)被投入使用過的話，這個事故就不會發(fā)生had done形式，此外根據(jù)句意可了。根據(jù)主句確定是對過去情況的虛擬，所以從句謂語用 A項是正確的。知是被動，用被動語態(tài)，故 【點(diǎn)睛】 英語中的三種語氣，語氣是動詞的一種形式，用來說明我們對自己的話所采取的態(tài)度。陳述語氣（疑問，否定，肯定，感嘆）祈使語氣（命令，要求，建議，警告）虛擬語氣：不.虛擬語氣在條件中的具體用法真實條件可能發(fā)生的事，愿望，建議，與事實相反的

17、假設(shè)等If you work hard,youll surely pass the exam.虛擬條件句（假設(shè)情況不存在，實現(xiàn)機(jī)會很句If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky.if1.與現(xiàn)在事實從句的謂語動詞主句謂語動詞?。゜ewerewould/could/might/should+2.與過去事實相反）動詞原形相反動詞過去式（一律用had donewould/could/might/should+have done3.a.be一律與將來事實可能相反動詞過去式（wereb.should+wouldc.were to+動詞原形動詞原形（不能用

18、用）would/could/might/should+ifbe-were）主動詞原形與現(xiàn)在事實相反從句：動詞過去式（would/could/might/should+If we had time, we would go with you.If I were you, I 動詞原形句：shouldnt do that.If it werent raining, we wouldnt stay.ifhad done主從句：與過去事實相反would/could/might/should+have doneIf the teacher hadnt helped us, we couldnt have

19、 句：succeeded.I could have done it better if I had been more careful.If he hadnt been ill, he might have come.3.ifa.bewere b.should+）動詞過去式（與將來事實可能相反一律用從句：would c.were to+would/could/might/should+動詞原）動詞原形主句：動詞原形（不能用If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything.If it should rain tomorrow, I would st

20、ay at 形home and watch TV.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.Should he come tomorrow, please give the book to him.錯綜時間條件句在虛擬語氣中，有時條件從句動作發(fā)生的時間和主句動作發(fā)生的時間是不一致的，稱為錯綜時間條件句。這種句子的形式往往If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know 要根據(jù)句子的時間相調(diào)整，分別處理。what to do now.If you had followed the do

21、ctors advice then, you would be all right now.If you had watered them more, the crops would be growing still better now.(有時時間會省略）含蓄條ifThey would not be able 條件從句，而用介詞或介詞短語來表示。件句有時虛擬條件不用to live without him.He would have failed but for his teachers timely advice.（要（如果沒有）=if it had not been forIf only

22、you had worked with greater care!(.You 就好了）不是）要是would have done the same thing in her position.With a little more care you could have avoid the traffic accident.虛擬結(jié)合條件句在虛擬語氣中，假設(shè)的情況有時間可以通過上下文或其他方I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would 式表現(xiàn)出來，并且虛擬的情況和真實的情況同時存在。have taken part in the singing competition.

23、-=I was ill that day. If I hadnt been ill 虛）（實that day, I would have taken part in the singing competition.He would have bought the piano, but he didnt have enough money.-=He would have bought the piano if he had had 實）（虛enough money, but in fact he didnt have enough money.ifif倒裝條件句在虛擬語氣中，省略had, sho

24、uldwereifhad, should和和，把從句假設(shè)的情況中如果有助動詞，那么可省略wereifIf he had finished the work yesterday, he 倒裝條件句。放在句首構(gòu)成倒裝，簡稱省略would have gone to the concert with you.=Had he finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.If I were you, I wouldnt do that.=were I you, I wouldnt do that.If I

25、should meet him, I would tell him about it.=Should I meet him, I would tell him about it. Can we play basketball in the school gym?17 No, it _ during the summer holidays. is being repairedis repaired BA has been repairedwas repaired DC B【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】-不行，暑假期間操場正在被修考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：我們可以在學(xué)校操場上打籃球嗎？it和動詞之間是被葺

26、。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是表示正在進(jìn)行，所以要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。主語 B。動關(guān)系，所以要用被動語態(tài)。故選 I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _ the cloth _ well.18 washeshave been toldwashes BAhave told； is washedhave been toldCwas toldwashed D； B【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】考查語態(tài)時態(tài)。句意：因為我已經(jīng)被告知這種布料很好洗，于是我想去買這種布。第一空tellI是被動關(guān)系，所以使用與中使用現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，且wellwash連

27、用，用主動形式表示被動含現(xiàn)在完成時的被動形式。第二空中動詞與副詞 B項正確。義。故 【點(diǎn)睛】”+2“+句型中的一些不主語主語補(bǔ)語小題不及物動詞中考查了主動表示被動的用法，涉及 及物動詞使用主動表示被動的用法。具體用法如下：(sound taste(1),), 聽系動詞沒有被動形式但有些系動詞常表示被動意義。常見的有吃起來 : ,feel(), prove(), )例如摸上去感到起來等證明是 sounds Your reason reasonable. 你的理由聽起來很合理。 Good medicine tastes the mouth. bitter to 良藥苦口。open), : )can

28、t(2)wont(lock(shut(, ) 關(guān)上一些與不能或不會連用的動詞。常用的有鎖住 , close, , weighcut, act: 例如（上演）（重）（切割）（關(guān)門）（打開，營業(yè)） It cant move. The door wont open. 它不能動。這門打不開。 tons. than opens much earlier it used to. Each stone weighs 2 This shop clean, sell, wash, 3)well(), easily(), perfectly(),: 如容易地一些與十分地很等連用的動詞”+write, burn,

29、cook, wash, last, read, wear“結(jié)構(gòu)，常表示事物內(nèi)部特有副詞動詞等。這種 : 的屬性。例如 sells well. The book 這種書很暢銷。 well. clothes wash These 這些衣服很耐洗。 , ”+4) “句型中的一些不及物動詞不及物動詞主語用在主語補(bǔ)語 thin. This material has worn :這料子已磨薄了。例如 dust has blown into the house.The 灰塵被風(fēng)吹進(jìn)了房子。 and lasts long. This kind of cloth washes well smoothly.gav

30、egiftmebirthdaypenasmyfatherwrites Thea article reads easily. Written in simple English, this 5) happen, occur, costcome out, come up（出版）以及短語，如某些不及物動詞，如 come to ones mind, turn out, , come into being（證明是）（產(chǎn)生）（出現(xiàn)）（想起）come about, break out, belong to（屬于）等，本身表被動含義，所以（發(fā)生）（爆發(fā)） 它們常用主動形式。 The first textboo

31、ks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century. you.phone to me to It never occurred mind. Suddenly an idea came to his The classroom _ by students every day.19 cleanedcleans BA is cleaningCis cleaned D C【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】The classroom，單數(shù)第三考查時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。句意：教室每天都由學(xué)生打掃。句子主語

32、cleanevery day，可知句子用一般現(xiàn)在時人稱形式，與謂語動詞之間是被動關(guān)系，再結(jié)合 C。態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，故選 rd work that you do now _ later in life.Dont worry. The ha20 was being repaidwill be repaid AB was repaidDhas been repaid C A【答案】 【解析】later in life意為在以后的生活試題解析：考查時態(tài)辨析。根據(jù)句子末尾出現(xiàn)的時間狀語that you do nownow在句混淆，中，可以判斷為將來時態(tài)，此處要注意的是不要被前文的the hard work

33、的定語成分，與句子時態(tài)無關(guān)。故此處為將來時態(tài)。句意：不要擔(dān)中充當(dāng) A。心，你現(xiàn)在付出的努力在以后一定會有所回報。故選 考點(diǎn)：考查時態(tài)辨析。 We didnt play football yesterday.The match_.21 is canceledwas canceled BA had canceledChas canceled D A【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】match和考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：昨天我們沒有踢足球，比賽取消了。根據(jù)句意可知，cancelyesterday可知，這是發(fā)生在過去的一件事之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)；由 A。情，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故選 22The s

34、tudents have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _ with success in the end. were rewardedBArewarded will be rewardedCwill reward D D【答案】 【解析】 【分析】 【詳解】in the end1. 可知，事情發(fā)生在確定時態(tài)：根據(jù)句尾的本題考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。解題步驟：reward2. efforts是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)該使用被動語態(tài)。句意：確定語態(tài)：和將來，用將來時。學(xué)生們一直在刻苦學(xué)習(xí)功課，他們的努力終將會得到回報。綜上，用一般將來時的被動

35、， D。故選 【點(diǎn)睛】 一般將來時will / shall + 1. 動詞（常與表示將來的時間狀語邊用如表示未來的動作或狀態(tài)常用 next weektomorrow等）。、 2. 表示一種趨向或習(xí)慣動作。 Well die without air or water.例如： come, go, start, begin, leave3. 等詞常用進(jìn)行時的形式表示將來時。表示趨向行為的動詞如 will / shall, be to do, be about to do4. be going to用法及區(qū)別：與 (1)shall / will do表示未事先考慮過，即說話時臨時作出的決定。(2)be

36、 going to 表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)硪瞿呈拢@種打算往往經(jīng)過事先考慮，甚至已will dobe going to 則能，表表將來，不能用在條件狀語從句的主句中；而做了某種準(zhǔn)備； 意愿。 )If it is fine, well go fishing.(正確例如： )If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(錯誤 (3)be to do sth.表按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動作，還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。 A meeting is to be held at 3:00 oclock this afternoon.例如：(4)be abo

37、ut to do sth.“/”when引表示正要去做某事即將，通常不與時間狀語連用，但可與 sb was about to do sth when sb did sth。導(dǎo)的從句連用，構(gòu)成常考句型： Autumn harvest is about to start.例如： Why didnt you attend the assembly this morning?23 But I _ anything about that. havent been toldDChadnt been told Bhavent toldAdidnt tell C【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】I沒人告訴我。主語你

38、為什么沒有參加今天早上的集會？考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：”tell“的動作發(fā)生在今天早上之前，即過沒有告訴和之間是動賓關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)，又 Chad been done項。去之過去，故用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)，即，故選 Neither Mary nor her parents _ of the exciting news, which surprises us a lot.24 have informedBAhas informed have been informedDChas been informed D【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】考查主謂一致及語態(tài)。句意：瑪麗和她的父母都沒被告知這個令人興

39、奮的消息，這讓我們neithernor（既不，也不）有就近原則，只很吃驚。根據(jù)句意可知，此處使用被動語態(tài)；have been her parents是復(fù)數(shù)，且是被告知，所以用看離謂語動詞最近的主語，這里 Dinformed項。，故選 【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查就近原則。就近原則是指謂語動詞的形式和離它最近的主語保持一致。英語中常notbut, or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, 見的就近原則的詞或者短語有： whetherorthere be，例如：句型， There is an apple and two bananas.這有一個蘋果和兩根香蕉。 N

40、ot only you but also your father likes fishing.不僅你，而且你爸爸也喜歡釣魚。 Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.25 has been usedhave used Care used Ais used BD D【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】考查主謂一致和動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：所有可能的方法都被用來防止空氣污染，但天空仍meansevery+主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；方法然不明朗。當(dāng)名詞解釋為，單復(fù)數(shù)同型，且meansuse“”，應(yīng)

41、該用現(xiàn)在完成時的之間是被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)語境與動詞所有的方法都用了 D。被動語態(tài)。故選 【點(diǎn)睛】 ”+and+“each/every+等結(jié)構(gòu)作主語單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞“each/every+and+”“each/every+and+ each/every+單數(shù)名單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞當(dāng)或單數(shù)名詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)形式。如：詞Each boy and each girl has been invited to the teaparty. 每個男孩和每個女孩都被邀請參加茶 話會。 The boy and the girl each have their own toys. 這個男孩和這個女孩都

42、有他們自己的玩具。 They realized that the problem Ted put forward was difficult _.26 solvingDCto be solved solved BAto solve A【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】be difficult to do 考查非謂語動詞。句意：他們意識到泰德提出的問題很難解決。結(jié)合短語”sth.“后跟不定式，且在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，若主語與其后的不定式為動賓關(guān)系，那難以；很難 Ato solve。么該不定式習(xí)慣上要用主動形式表示被動意義。故用形式。故選 With the development of science, more

43、 new technology _ to the fields of IT.27 is being introducedhas introduced AB was introducedis introduced DC B【答案】 【解析】IT領(lǐng)域。表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行試題分析：句意，隨著科技的發(fā)展，更多新的技術(shù)被引進(jìn)到introducenew technology之間是被動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在的動作，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。且主語與動作 B。分詞的被動語態(tài)，故選 考點(diǎn)：時態(tài)和語態(tài)考查題16種時態(tài)，但點(diǎn)評：動詞是謂語動所表示的動作或情況發(fā)生時間的各種形式。英語動詞有9種：一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行

44、時、過去進(jìn)行時、是常用的只有現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時、過去將來時、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時，謂語的形式叫主動語態(tài)。句子的主語是動作承受者時，謂語的形式叫被動作語態(tài)。被 be be + 表現(xiàn)出來。過去分詞構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過動語態(tài)由助動詞 28The accident which left 15 people on board dead _ if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm. should be avoidedBshould have avoided A could have bee

45、n avoidedcould have avoided CD D【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】“+”15人完成式考查。句意：如果憤怒的女乘客和巴士司機(jī)保持冷靜，這起導(dǎo)致情態(tài)動詞could have done“”The ，且句子主語本來能做而沒有做死亡的事故本來是可以避免的。 Davoidaccident。之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合句意可知答案為和謂語動詞 【點(diǎn)睛】 + have done結(jié)構(gòu)：情態(tài)動詞1.“must + have + ”表示對過去發(fā)生的事情或狀態(tài)進(jìn)行推測，語氣比較堅定，通常只過去分詞 It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.用于肯定句。如：2.“can / could + have + ”cancould一般用過去分詞和表示對過去某種情況的懷疑或不確定。 He cant have finished the work so soon.couldcan弱。如：的語氣較于否定句和疑問句，3.“may / might + have + ”表示對已發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行不肯定的推測，過去分詞mightm