高中被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)練習(xí)題及答案詳解

1、高中被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)練習(xí)題及答案詳解 一、單項(xiàng)選擇被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) The film “Schindlers List”, was _ by a real person, named Oskar Schindler1 promptedAinspired B insuredCrised D A【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】A. inspiredB. promptedC. risedD. insured確保。鼓舞；上升；考查過(guò)去分詞。引起，提示；辛德勒。結(jié)合句意可句意：電影辛德勒的名單的靈感來(lái)自一個(gè)真實(shí)的人，名叫奧斯卡 A。知此處用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故答案為 2At the awarding ceremony held i

2、n Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what _ in science and technology. has been discoveredhas discovered BA had been discoveredhad discovered DC D【答案】【解析】句意：在東京舉行的頒獎(jiǎng)儀式上，科學(xué)家們驚訝于科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)現(xiàn)。科學(xué)家們感whatdiscover是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選到驚訝是過(guò)去式，故科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)現(xiàn)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，于動(dòng)詞 D。 Her own story _ and this book is expected to come out nex

3、t week.3 has been writtenAhad been written B has writtenhad written DC B【答案】 【解析】句意：她自己的故事已經(jīng)被寫出來(lái)了，這部書有望下周出版。由句意可知，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完 成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選。 Many artifacts _ for the first time in the National Museum at present.4 were being exhibitedAwere exhibited B are exhibitedare being exhibited DC C【答案】【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意

4、：許多史前古器物目前正在國(guó)家博物館首次展出。根“at present”artifactsexhibit與謂語(yǔ)可知，句子描述現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，主語(yǔ)據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) C。之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選 Quantities of soil _ in the area, resulting in the increasing number of natural disasters.5 have washed awayis washed away BA have been washed awayhave washed away DC D【答案】【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在這個(gè)地區(qū)大量的

5、土壤被沖走了，結(jié)果導(dǎo)致自然災(zāi)害數(shù)soilwash away是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處指土壤已經(jīng)被沖走并對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響，和量增加。句中 D。故要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選 6105The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. will be madeAwill make B had madeChas been made D B【答案】202015年?yáng)|京奧運(yùn)會(huì)上將增加【解析】考查

6、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：國(guó)際奧委會(huì)宣布在2020可以看出是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，項(xiàng)目和增加是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故要用將來(lái)時(shí)個(gè)比賽項(xiàng)目。從年份 B。的被動(dòng)，故選 Chinese kites in ancient times _ in the shape of birds.7 had designeddesign BA have been designedwere designed DC C【答案】in ancient 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在古代中國(guó)的風(fēng)箏被設(shè)計(jì)成鳥的形狀。根據(jù)times可知，句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ) C。態(tài)，故選 Oral English exa

7、ms _ in China twice a year to give more chances to the students.8 will be heldAhas held B has been heldwill hold DC B【答案】【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試將在中國(guó)每年舉行兩次，為的是給學(xué)生更Oral English examshold是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作將要進(jìn)行不是完多的機(jī)會(huì)。句中主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞 BD。成，排除，故選 Various efforts _ in the past decades to protect the environment.9 have madeh

8、ad made BA have been madeCwere made D D【答案】【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在過(guò)去的幾十年里，為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出了各種努力。根據(jù)in the past decadesefforts是句子主語(yǔ)，復(fù)數(shù)形式，和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)， Dmake。之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故答案為 -Have you telephoned your father?10 - Yes, he back next week. expectsBAis expected will be expectedwill expect CD A【答案】 【解析】sb

9、be ?-是的，他有望明年回來(lái)。這里你給你的父親打電話了嗎試題分析：句意：heexpected to do應(yīng)指的是現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在盼望明年回來(lái)，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，這里 A。父親。根據(jù)句意故選 考點(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。 11It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that _ for the death of so many innocent people. were to blameDwas blamed Bwas to blame Aare blamed C B【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】be to blame的

10、用法。句意：是自然災(zāi)害，而不是人為錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)對(duì)這么多考查主謂一致以及”be to blame for“時(shí)，固定短語(yǔ)，因此無(wú)辜人類的死亡負(fù)責(zé)。表示負(fù)責(zé)應(yīng)受責(zé)備，應(yīng)對(duì)the natural disasterAC，是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)保持、排除項(xiàng)；這里強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ) Bwas to blamethe natural disaster項(xiàng)。，故選一致，即與保持一致，因此用 12In no time_ by a string of measures backing Hainans efforts to deepen reform and opening-up. the landmark decision

11、 was followedA was the landmark decision followedB did the landmark decision followC； the landmark decision had been followed;D A【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】考察句子語(yǔ)序。句意：在這重大決議之后會(huì)出臺(tái)一系列的辦法來(lái)支持海南深化改革和擴(kuò)大In no time（立刻，馬上）位于句首，句子用陳述語(yǔ)序，不用部分倒裝。另外，該句開(kāi)放。 A。陳述的過(guò)去的事情，因而用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，綜述選 【點(diǎn)睛】be動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)關(guān)于部分倒裝。部分倒裝，也叫不完全倒裝，指的是謂語(yǔ)部分的詞放在主

12、語(yǔ)之前的結(jié)構(gòu)。常見(jiàn)的部分倒裝分以下幾類：第一，否定性副詞或者賦詞短語(yǔ)，seldomhardlyat no time, in no case, on no occasionHardly 等位于句首時(shí)，比如，比如，does he get late. onlyonly in this way can we 修飾副詞性短語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)句首時(shí)，比如第二， )succeed.in no time (，不是否定意義的短語(yǔ)，故不用部分倒裝。而本題中立刻，馬上 13No decision _A_ about any future appointment until all the candidates have bee

13、n interviewed. is madewill be made BA has been madeDCis being made A【答案】 【解析】makedecision是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)式，因?yàn)楹笤囶}分析：考查時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是和動(dòng)詞“about any future appointment關(guān)可以知道動(dòng)作未發(fā)生，所以用將來(lái)時(shí)，句子意思面的句子 A”，所以選于未來(lái)會(huì)議沒(méi)有做出任何決定直到所有的報(bào)考者已經(jīng)被采訪 考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)點(diǎn)評(píng)：做時(shí)態(tài)題時(shí)，首先看時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)確定句子的時(shí)態(tài)；如果沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀 語(yǔ)，可以根據(jù)隱含的意思來(lái)確定句子時(shí)態(tài)。 I intend to buy that kin

14、d of clothes because I _ that they _ well.14 have been told; washhave told; wash AB have been told; are washedwas told; washed DC B【答案】 【解析】考察時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)題意，我想買那種衣服，因?yàn)橛腥烁嬖V過(guò)我他們洗起來(lái)不錯(cuò)?？芍獜木鋬?nèi)容為過(guò)去已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。他們洗起來(lái)不錯(cuò)則是一個(gè)客觀存在的事 B。實(shí)，過(guò)去存在，現(xiàn)在及將來(lái)都會(huì)存在，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。選 around here for a long time.I saw Jack in the lift t

15、his morning. He 15 wasnt seenwont be seen BA hadnt been seenhasnt been seen DC D【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】考查過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：今天早上我在電梯里看見(jiàn)杰克。他好久沒(méi)在這附近this morningfor a long time可知此空是更靠前可知這是過(guò)去的事情；再根據(jù)露面了。根據(jù) DseeHe。的動(dòng)作，且句子主語(yǔ)之間是一種被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，故選和 If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happene

16、d.16 would be putDwere put Cshould be put BAhad been put A【答案】 【解析】 【分析】 【詳解】 考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：如果這個(gè)新的安全系統(tǒng)被投入使用過(guò)的話，這個(gè)事故就不會(huì)發(fā)生had done形式，此外根據(jù)句意可了。根據(jù)主句確定是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，所以從句謂語(yǔ)用 A項(xiàng)是正確的。知是被動(dòng)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故 【點(diǎn)睛】 英語(yǔ)中的三種語(yǔ)氣，語(yǔ)氣是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，用來(lái)說(shuō)明我們對(duì)自己的話所采取的態(tài)度。陳述語(yǔ)氣（疑問(wèn)，否定，肯定，感嘆）祈使語(yǔ)氣（命令，要求，建議，警告）虛擬語(yǔ)氣：不.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件中的具體用法真實(shí)條件可能發(fā)生的事，愿望，建議，與事實(shí)相反的

17、假設(shè)等If you work hard,youll surely pass the exam.虛擬條件句（假設(shè)情況不存在，實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)會(huì)很句If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky.if1.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞小）bewerewould/could/might/should+2.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反）動(dòng)詞原形相反動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（一律用had donewould/could/might/should+have done3.a.be一律與將來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（wereb.should+wouldc.were to+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形（不能用

18、用）would/could/might/should+ifbe-were）主動(dòng)詞原形與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反從句：動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（would/could/might/should+If we had time, we would go with you.If I were you, I 動(dòng)詞原形句：shouldnt do that.If it werent raining, we wouldnt stay.ifhad done主從句：與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反would/could/might/should+have doneIf the teacher hadnt helped us, we couldnt have

19、 句：succeeded.I could have done it better if I had been more careful.If he hadnt been ill, he might have come.3.ifa.bewere b.should+）動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（與將來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反一律用從句：would c.were to+would/could/might/should+動(dòng)詞原）動(dòng)詞原形主句：動(dòng)詞原形（不能用If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything.If it should rain tomorrow, I would st

20、ay at 形home and watch TV.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.Should he come tomorrow, please give the book to him.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，有時(shí)條件從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間和主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是不一致的，稱為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句。這種句子的形式往往If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know 要根據(jù)句子的時(shí)間相調(diào)整，分別處理。what to do now.If you had followed the do

21、ctors advice then, you would be all right now.If you had watered them more, the crops would be growing still better now.(有時(shí)時(shí)間會(huì)省略）含蓄條ifThey would not be able 條件從句，而用介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示。件句有時(shí)虛擬條件不用to live without him.He would have failed but for his teachers timely advice.（要（如果沒(méi)有）=if it had not been forIf only

22、you had worked with greater care!(.You 就好了）不是）要是would have done the same thing in her position.With a little more care you could have avoid the traffic accident.虛擬結(jié)合條件句在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，假設(shè)的情況有時(shí)間可以通過(guò)上下文或其他方I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would 式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)，并且虛擬的情況和真實(shí)的情況同時(shí)存在。have taken part in the singing competition.

23、-=I was ill that day. If I hadnt been ill 虛）（實(shí)that day, I would have taken part in the singing competition.He would have bought the piano, but he didnt have enough money.-=He would have bought the piano if he had had 實(shí)）（虛enough money, but in fact he didnt have enough money.ifif倒裝條件句在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，省略had, sho

24、uldwereifhad, should和和，把從句假設(shè)的情況中如果有助動(dòng)詞，那么可省略wereifIf he had finished the work yesterday, he 倒裝條件句。放在句首構(gòu)成倒裝，簡(jiǎn)稱省略would have gone to the concert with you.=Had he finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.If I were you, I wouldnt do that.=were I you, I wouldnt do that.If I

25、should meet him, I would tell him about it.=Should I meet him, I would tell him about it. Can we play basketball in the school gym?17 No, it _ during the summer holidays. is being repairedis repaired BA has been repairedwas repaired DC B【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】-不行，暑假期間操場(chǎng)正在被修考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：我們可以在學(xué)校操場(chǎng)上打籃球嗎？it和動(dòng)詞之間是被葺

26、。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是表示正在進(jìn)行，所以要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。主語(yǔ) B。動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選 I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _ the cloth _ well.18 washeshave been toldwashes BAhave told； is washedhave been toldCwas toldwashed D； B【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】考查語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)。句意：因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)被告知這種布料很好洗，于是我想去買這種布。第一空tellI是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用與中使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，且wellwash連

27、用，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)形式。第二空中動(dòng)詞與副詞 B項(xiàng)正確。義。故 【點(diǎn)睛】”+2“+句型中的一些不主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)小題不及物動(dòng)詞中考查了主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的用法，涉及 及物動(dòng)詞使用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的用法。具體用法如下：(sound taste(1),), 聽(tīng)系動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)形式但有些系動(dòng)詞常表示被動(dòng)意義。常見(jiàn)的有吃起來(lái) : ,feel(), prove(), )例如摸上去感到起來(lái)等證明是 sounds Your reason reasonable. 你的理由聽(tīng)起來(lái)很合理。 Good medicine tastes the mouth. bitter to 良藥苦口。open), : )can

28、t(2)wont(lock(shut(, ) 關(guān)上一些與不能或不會(huì)連用的動(dòng)詞。常用的有鎖住 , close, , weighcut, act: 例如（上演）（重）（切割）（關(guān)門）（打開(kāi)，營(yíng)業(yè)） It cant move. The door wont open. 它不能動(dòng)。這門打不開(kāi)。 tons. than opens much earlier it used to. Each stone weighs 2 This shop clean, sell, wash, 3)well(), easily(), perfectly(),: 如容易地一些與十分地很等連用的動(dòng)詞”+write, burn,

29、cook, wash, last, read, wear“結(jié)構(gòu)，常表示事物內(nèi)部特有副詞動(dòng)詞等。這種 : 的屬性。例如 sells well. The book 這種書很暢銷。 well. clothes wash These 這些衣服很耐洗。 , ”+4) “句型中的一些不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)用在主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ) thin. This material has worn :這料子已磨薄了。例如 dust has blown into the house.The 灰塵被風(fēng)吹進(jìn)了房子。 and lasts long. This kind of cloth washes well smoothly.gav

30、egiftmebirthdaypenasmyfatherwrites Thea article reads easily. Written in simple English, this 5) happen, occur, costcome out, come up（出版）以及短語(yǔ)，如某些不及物動(dòng)詞，如 come to ones mind, turn out, , come into being（證明是）（產(chǎn)生）（出現(xiàn)）（想起）come about, break out, belong to（屬于）等，本身表被動(dòng)含義，所以（發(fā)生）（爆發(fā)） 它們常用主動(dòng)形式。 The first textboo

31、ks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century. you.phone to me to It never occurred mind. Suddenly an idea came to his The classroom _ by students every day.19 cleanedcleans BA is cleaningCis cleaned D C【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】The classroom，單數(shù)第三考查時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：教室每天都由學(xué)生打掃。句子主語(yǔ)

32、cleanevery day，可知句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)人稱形式，與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，再結(jié)合 C。態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選 rd work that you do now _ later in life.Dont worry. The ha20 was being repaidwill be repaid AB was repaidDhas been repaid C A【答案】 【解析】later in life意為在以后的生活試題解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)辨析。根據(jù)句子末尾出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)that you do nownow在句混淆，中，可以判斷為將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，此處要注意的是不要被前文的the hard work

33、的定語(yǔ)成分，與句子時(shí)態(tài)無(wú)關(guān)。故此處為將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。句意：不要擔(dān)中充當(dāng) A。心，你現(xiàn)在付出的努力在以后一定會(huì)有所回報(bào)。故選 考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)辨析。 We didnt play football yesterday.The match_.21 is canceledwas canceled BA had canceledChas canceled D A【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】match和考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：昨天我們沒(méi)有踢足球，比賽取消了。根據(jù)句意可知，cancelyesterday可知，這是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的一件事之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；由 A。情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選 22The s

34、tudents have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _ with success in the end. were rewardedBArewarded will be rewardedCwill reward D D【答案】 【解析】 【分析】 【詳解】in the end1. 可知，事情發(fā)生在確定時(shí)態(tài)：根據(jù)句尾的本題考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。解題步驟：reward2. efforts是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)該使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：確定語(yǔ)態(tài)：和將來(lái)，用將來(lái)時(shí)。學(xué)生們一直在刻苦學(xué)習(xí)功課，他們的努力終將會(huì)得到回報(bào)。綜上，用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)

35、， D。故選 【點(diǎn)睛】 一般將來(lái)時(shí)will / shall + 1. 動(dòng)詞（常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)邊用如表示未來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常用 next weektomorrow等）。、 2. 表示一種趨向或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。 Well die without air or water.例如： come, go, start, begin, leave3. 等詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式表示將來(lái)時(shí)。表示趨向行為的動(dòng)詞如 will / shall, be to do, be about to do4. be going to用法及區(qū)別：與 (1)shall / will do表示未事先考慮過(guò)，即說(shuō)話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的決定。(2)be

36、 going to 表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)?lái)要做某事，這種打算往往經(jīng)過(guò)事先考慮，甚至已will dobe going to 則能，表表將來(lái)，不能用在條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中；而做了某種準(zhǔn)備； 意愿。 )If it is fine, well go fishing.(正確例如： )If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(錯(cuò)誤 (3)be to do sth.表按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。 A meeting is to be held at 3:00 oclock this afternoon.例如：(4)be abo

37、ut to do sth.“/”when引表示正要去做某事即將，通常不與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但可與 sb was about to do sth when sb did sth。導(dǎo)的從句連用，構(gòu)成?？季湫停?Autumn harvest is about to start.例如： Why didnt you attend the assembly this morning?23 But I _ anything about that. havent been toldDChadnt been told Bhavent toldAdidnt tell C【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】I沒(méi)人告訴我。主語(yǔ)你

38、為什么沒(méi)有參加今天早上的集會(huì)？考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：”tell“的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在今天早上之前，即過(guò)沒(méi)有告訴和之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，又 Chad been done項(xiàng)。去之過(guò)去，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，即，故選 Neither Mary nor her parents _ of the exciting news, which surprises us a lot.24 have informedBAhas informed have been informedDChas been informed D【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】考查主謂一致及語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：瑪麗和她的父母都沒(méi)被告知這個(gè)令人興

39、奮的消息，這讓我們neithernor（既不，也不）有就近原則，只很吃驚。根據(jù)句意可知，此處使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；have been her parents是復(fù)數(shù)，且是被告知，所以用看離謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞最近的主語(yǔ)，這里 Dinformed項(xiàng)。，故選 【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查就近原則。就近原則是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式和離它最近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。英語(yǔ)中常notbut, or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, 見(jiàn)的就近原則的詞或者短語(yǔ)有： whetherorthere be，例如：句型， There is an apple and two bananas.這有一個(gè)蘋果和兩根香蕉。 N

40、ot only you but also your father likes fishing.不僅你，而且你爸爸也喜歡釣魚。 Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.25 has been usedhave used Care used Ais used BD D【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】考查主謂一致和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：所有可能的方法都被用來(lái)防止空氣污染，但天空仍meansevery+主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；方法然不明朗。當(dāng)名詞解釋為，單復(fù)數(shù)同型，且meansuse“”，應(yīng)

41、該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境與動(dòng)詞所有的方法都用了 D。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選 【點(diǎn)睛】 ”+and+“each/every+等結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞“each/every+and+”“each/every+and+ each/every+單數(shù)名單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞當(dāng)或單數(shù)名詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。如：詞Each boy and each girl has been invited to the teaparty. 每個(gè)男孩和每個(gè)女孩都被邀請(qǐng)參加茶 話會(huì)。 The boy and the girl each have their own toys. 這個(gè)男孩和這個(gè)女孩都

42、有他們自己的玩具。 They realized that the problem Ted put forward was difficult _.26 solvingDCto be solved solved BAto solve A【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】be difficult to do 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他們意識(shí)到泰德提出的問(wèn)題很難解決。結(jié)合短語(yǔ)”sth.“后跟不定式，且在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，若主語(yǔ)與其后的不定式為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，那難以；很難 Ato solve。么該不定式習(xí)慣上要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。故用形式。故選 With the development of science, more

43、 new technology _ to the fields of IT.27 is being introducedhas introduced AB was introducedis introduced DC B【答案】 【解析】IT領(lǐng)域。表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行試題分析：句意，隨著科技的發(fā)展，更多新的技術(shù)被引進(jìn)到introducenew technology之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。且主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)作 B。分詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選 考點(diǎn)：時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)考查題16種時(shí)態(tài)，但點(diǎn)評(píng)：動(dòng)詞是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)所表示的動(dòng)作或情況發(fā)生時(shí)間的各種形式。英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有9種：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行

44、時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、是常用的只有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的形式叫主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作承受者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的形式叫被動(dòng)作語(yǔ)態(tài)。被 be be + 表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過(guò)動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞 28The accident which left 15 people on board dead _ if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm. should be avoidedBshould have avoided A could have bee

45、n avoidedcould have avoided CD D【答案】 【解析】 【詳解】“+”15人完成式考查。句意：如果憤怒的女乘客和巴士司機(jī)保持冷靜，這起導(dǎo)致情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could have done“”The ，且句子主語(yǔ)本來(lái)能做而沒(méi)有做死亡的事故本來(lái)是可以避免的。 Davoidaccident。之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合句意可知答案為和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 【點(diǎn)睛】 + have done結(jié)構(gòu)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1.“must + have + ”表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情或狀態(tài)進(jìn)行推測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣比較堅(jiān)定，通常只過(guò)去分詞 It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.用于肯定句。如：2.“can / could + have + ”cancould一般用過(guò)去分詞和表示對(duì)過(guò)去某種情況的懷疑或不確定。 He cant have finished the work so soon.couldcan弱。如：的語(yǔ)氣較于否定句和疑問(wèn)句，3.“may / might + have + ”表示對(duì)已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行不肯定的推測(cè)，過(guò)去分詞mightm