高考英語(yǔ)第1輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit2Cloning知識(shí)點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)講解課件新人教版選修8

1、In,my,opinion,，,1.medical,cloning,should,be,allowed.First,，,2.serious illnesses and people who were 3.losing,their,ability,to,move,or,think,could,be,helped,by,medical,cloning.Besides,，,4.thanks,to,the,development,of,5.cloning,technology,，,the,procedure,is,safe,，,quick,and,with,no,problems for the pa

2、tients.6.Last but not least,，,as a survey,showed,67%,of,the,American,people,support,medical,cloning,，,which,shows,that,medical,cloning,will,help,many,patients and 7.have a bright market prospect.,佳作誦讀,好詞積累,1,medical cloning,醫(yī)學(xué)克隆,2,serious illnesses,嚴(yán)重疾病,3,lose their ability,失去他們的能力,4,thanks to,多虧了，由

3、于,5,cloning technology,克隆技術(shù),6,last but not least,最后但同樣重要,7,have a bright market prospect,有光明的市場(chǎng)前景,?,好句延展,1,這個(gè)蛋糕的主料是酸奶，所以每個(gè)人都能吃，沒(méi)有任,何問(wèn)題。,This cake is yogurt based so everybody can eat it with no,problems.,2,如上方的動(dòng)態(tài)圖片所示，該型號(hào)智能平衡充電器有,2,種外觀顏色。,As,the,picture,above,shows,，,this,model,of,balance,charger has

4、 2 color of appearance.,1,單詞拓展識(shí)記,一、單詞與派生,1,v,i,.,不同；相異,adj,.,不同的,n,不同；差異,2,adj,.,精確的；準(zhǔn)確的,ad,v,.,準(zhǔn)確地,3,v,i,.,反對(duì)；不贊成,n,不贊成；,反對(duì)；異議,differ,different,difference,exact,exactly,object,objection,4,v,t,.&,v,i,.,積累；聚積,n,積累；聚積,5,ad,v,.,僅；只；不過(guò),adj,.,僅僅的,6,n,假定；設(shè)想,v,t,.,假定；設(shè)想,7,adj,.,合情理的；講道理的；公道的,n,理由，道理,8,v,t,

5、.,崇拜；愛(ài)慕；喜愛(ài),n,愛(ài)慕者；崇,拜者,accumulate,accumulation,merely,mere,assumption,assume,reasonable,reason,adore,adorer,9,n,規(guī)則，規(guī)章；法規(guī),adj,.,有秩序的；正規(guī)的,10,ad,v,.,立刻；不久,adj,.(,時(shí)間等,),短的，近的,regulation,regular,shortly,short,二、語(yǔ)境填空,1,I am still,(,吸引,)by the native beauty of the,lake.,2,He,(,不準(zhǔn),) them from mentioning the

6、subject,again.,3,Dr,Johnson,(,承擔(dān),),the,task,of,writing,a,comprehensive English dictionary last year.,4,You,should,always,follow,the,correct,(,程,序,)to shut your computer down safely.,5,The,scientists,have,made,a,breakthrough,in,the,research to,(,抵抗,) the deadly disease.,6,The way my brother talked to

7、 mother,(,打擾,),me.,7,He,(,歸功于,)his success to his teacher.,8,The movie directed by him was a great,(,商,業(yè)的,) success.,9,A,T-,shirt,can,be,an,excellent,(,媒介,)for,getting your message across.,10,All the new employees are asked to learn about the,rules,and,(,規(guī)則,),of,the,company,and,they,must,obey them.,

8、【,答,案,】,1.struck,2.forbade,3.undertook,4.procedure,5.resist,6.bothered,7.owes,mercial,9.medium,10.regulations,2,短語(yǔ)多維運(yùn)用,一、互譯練習(xí),1,得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償清,2,沮喪；不愉快,3,反對(duì),4,贊成；支持,5,一定或注定,(,做,),pay off,cast down,object to,in favour of,(be) bound to (do) .,6,strike .into ones heart,7,from time to time,8,bring back t

9、o life,9,in vain,10,in good/poor condition,使,刻骨銘心,不時(shí)；偶爾,使復(fù)生；使復(fù)活,白費(fèi)力氣；枉費(fèi)心機(jī),狀況很好,/,壞；情況很好,/,壞,二、用上述短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空,1,After ten years of hard work,，,Mathild,all,her debts at last.,2,The man attempted to escape from the prison,，,but,.,3,Although his car is old,，,it is still,.,4,The company discriminates again

10、st old people,the young.,5,There,was,a,time,when,he,felt,and,discouraged.,6,You,feel tired after a long walk.,7,，,I looked up from my notebook.,【答案】,1.paid,off,2.in,vain,3.in,good,condition,4.in,favour,of,5.cast,down,6.are,bound,to,7.From,time,to time,3,句式高仿演練,1,(,教材,P,11,12,)Then,came,the,disturbin

11、g,news,that,Dolly had become seriously ill.),接著傳來(lái)了多莉病重的壞消息。,句式仿寫,然后傳來(lái)了令人興奮的消息,中國(guó)隊(duì)在,仁川亞運(yùn)會(huì)中高居獎(jiǎng)牌榜首位，贏得了,439,枚金牌中的,151,枚。,China,dominated,the,medals,tables,in,Incheon,，,winning,151,of,the,439,gold,medals.,Then came the exciting news that,2,(,教材,P,15,)The,advantage,is,that,if,there,is,a,new,illness some

12、of these animals may die,，,but others will survive,and,pass,on,the,ability,to,resist,that,disease,to,the,next,generation.,其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是如果發(fā)生某種新的疾病，這類動(dòng)物中的一些可,能會(huì)死掉，但是另外一些卻能存活下來(lái)，并且把這種免疫力,傳給下一代。,句式仿寫,騎自行車上班的優(yōu)勢(shì)是我們可以過(guò)一種低,碳生活。,we,can,live,a,low-,carbon life.,The advantage of cycling to work is that,4,課文語(yǔ)法填空,Cloning,

13、is,a,way,of,1.,(make),an,exact,copy,of,another,animal,or,plant.2.,has,two,major,uses.One,is,3.,gardeners,use,it,to,produce,commercial,quantities,of,plants.The,other,is,that,it,is,valuable,for,research,on,new,species,and,for,medical,research,on,animals.4.,，,the,process,of,cloning,is,difficult 5.,(und

14、ertake),Many attempts to clone mammals failed.The first,successful clone,，,Dolly the sheep,，,made the whole 6.,(science) world follow its process,，,though it had 7.,problems than the normal sheep.On the other hand,，,Dollys,appearance 8.,(raise) a storm of objections and,had a great impact 9.,the med

15、ia and public 10.,(imagine),Different people have different opinions on,it.However,，,scientists still wonder whether cloning will help,or harm us and where it is leading us.,【答案】,1.making,2.It,3.that,4.However,5.to,undertake,6.scientific,7.more,8.raised,9.on,10.imagination,1,高考真題演練,.,完形填空,完成句子,1,(20

16、14,重慶高考,)In some Middle Eastern countries,，,exposing,your,flesh,is,forbidden,，,especially,if,you,are,a,woman.,在一些中東國(guó)家，禁止把肌膚露在外面，尤其是婦女。,(,教材,P,12,)Some began to reform their legal systems and,forbade research into human cloning,2,(2014,天,津,高,考,)I,will,never,forget,what,the,experience,has,really,taugh

17、t,me.Sacrifices,pay,off,in,the,end.,我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記這次經(jīng)歷教給我的很多東西，做出的犧,牲最終得到了回報(bào)。,(,教材,P,11,)But,at,last,the,determination,and,patience,of,the,scientists,paid,off,in,1996,with,a,breakthrough,the,cloning of Dolly the sheep.,.,閱讀理解,完成句子,1,(2014,山東高考,)One day,，,Ashleys wife tried to strike,Mumbets sister with a s

18、pade.,有一天艾什莉的妻子試著用鐵鍬去敲打姆博特的姐姐。,(,教材,P,15,),.proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear,and excitement into peoples hearts.,2,(2013,浙江高考,),It,sounds,reasonable,，,but,the,text,evidently,ignored,the,fact,that,humans,，,particularly,teenagers,，,rarely seem reasonable.,這聽(tīng)起來(lái)有道理，可是文章明顯忽略了這一事實(shí)：人，,尤其是十多歲的孩子

19、，似乎極少懂道理。,(,教材,P,11,)The fact that she seemed to develop normally,was very encouraging.,2,核心單詞突破,undertake vt.,著手；從事；承擔(dān),(,教材,P,11,)It is a difficult task to undertake.,這是一項(xiàng)很難完成的任務(wù)。,一詞多義,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞性和詞義,He undertook to finish the job by Friday.,We could undertake the work for the time being.,【答案】,v,t,.,答應(yīng)

20、,v,t,.,承擔(dān),undertake sth.,承辦,/,著手,/,承擔(dān)某事,undertake to do/that-,clause,保證，擔(dān)保，答應(yīng)做某,事,undertake for sth.,保證，擔(dān)保,(,牛津詞典,)He undertook to finish the job by Friday.,他答應(yīng)在星期五以前完成那工作。,We cannot undertake that we shall finish it in time.,我們不能保證能夠及時(shí)完成。,If you trust me,，,let me undertake for your security.,如果你信任我

21、，讓我來(lái)保證你的安全。,forbid,vt.,禁止；不準(zhǔn),(,教材,P,12,)Some began to reform their legal systems and,forbade research into human cloning.,有些政府開(kāi)始改革司法制度，,禁止進(jìn)行克隆人類的研究。,forbid(doing)sth.,禁止,(,做,),某事,forbid sb.to do sth.,禁止某人做某事,forbid sb.from doing sth.,禁止某人做某事,The regulations forbid smoking in the room.,制度禁止在房間內(nèi)吸煙。,(,

22、朗文辭典,)He was forbidden to leave the house,，,as a,punishment.,作為懲罰，他被禁止離開(kāi)房子。,The rain forbade us from playing football.,雨阻礙了我們踢足球。,溫馨提示,forbid,后不能直接跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，,但,可直接跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，也可用,forbid sb.to do sth.,形式，有,類似用法的單詞還有：,allow,，,permit,，,advise,等。,owe vt.,欠,(,賬、錢、人情等,),；歸功于,；應(yīng)感謝,(,牛津詞典,)Thanks for sticking,u

23、p for me,，,I,owe,you,a,favour.,謝謝你支持我，我欠你一個(gè)人情。,一詞多義,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞性和詞義,Can you tot up how much I owe you,？,We,should,owe,Chinas,rapid,development,to,the,working people of China.,【答案】,v,t,.,欠,(,錢,),；欠,(,債,),v,t,.,歸功于,owe sb.sth.,owe sth.to sb.,欠某人某物,owe.to.,把歸功于,owe it to sb.that.,多虧某人,owing to,因?yàn)椋挥捎?I owe y

24、ou an apology for having been so rude to you,last night.,昨晚我太粗暴，應(yīng)該向你道歉。,The well-,known scientist always says that he owes all,his success to the support of his family.,這位著名的科學(xué)家常說(shuō)他的成功歸功于家人的支持。,Owing to the rain,，,the match was cancelled.,比賽因下雨取消了。,bother vt.,打擾,vi.,操心,n.,煩擾,(2014,江西高考,)Sometimes,，,h

25、e,was,limited,to,a,cage,underwater but that did not bother him.,有時(shí)候他被困在水下的籠子里，但這并不讓他煩心。,bother sb.with/about sth.,為某事打擾或麻煩某人,bother to do sth.,特意做某事,It bothers sb.that/to do sth.,使某人苦惱的是,why bother,沒(méi)有必要吧；何苦那么麻煩,Dont bother yourself about all these details.,不要為這些瑣事傷腦筋。,He didnt even bother to let me

26、know he was coming.,他甚至都沒(méi)通知我他要來(lái)。,(,牛津詞典,)It bothers me that he can be so insensitive.,他這樣麻木不仁，我心里很不痛快。,strike,vt.& vi.,打；罷工；敲；撞擊；侵襲；給,(,某人,以,),印象；擦,n.,罷工；打擊；毆打,(,教材,P,15,),.proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear,and,excitement,into,peoples,hearts.,證明了這一想法使,人們感到既興奮又恐懼。,一詞多義,寫出下列句子中,strike,的漢語(yǔ)意思

27、,The,visitors,were,struck,by,the,beauty,of,the,West,Lake.,The tree was struck by lightning.,That area was struck by a snowstorm.,When the clock strikes six,，,the children go home for,dinner.,He struck a match to light the candle.,【答案】,給某人留下印象,撞擊,災(zāi)害襲擊,(,時(shí)鐘,),敲響,擦,(1)o ones heart,使刻骨銘心,It st

28、rikes sb.that.,某人突然想起,be struck by,/with s,b./,sth.,被某人,/,某物打動(dòng),(2)be on strike,在罷工,go on strike,舉行罷工,It,struck/occurred,to,me,that,there,was,no,one,at,home.,我突然想起家中沒(méi)有人。,He was struck with/by the beauty of scenery.,他被美麗,的景色迷住了。,resist,vt.,抵抗；對(duì)抗,(,教材,P,15,),.but,others,will,survive,and,pass,on,the,abi

29、lity to resist that disease to the next generation.,而另,外一些卻能存活下來(lái)，并且把這種免疫力傳給下一代。,(1)resist doing sth.,抵制做某事,resist on enemy(attack),抵抗敵人,(,進(jìn)攻,),resist temptation,經(jīng)得起誘惑,(2)resistance,n,U,抵抗，反抗,(,朗,文,辭,典,)For,months,the,company,has,resisted,changing its accounts system.,幾個(gè)月來(lái)這家公司一直在抵制改變它的賬目系統(tǒng)。,He made n

30、o resistance against it.,他沒(méi)有向它做任何抵抗。,溫馨提示,resist,表示,“,忍受,”,，主要指克制自己對(duì)某,種想要事物的需求；若要表示忍受某種令人不愉快的事時(shí)，,通常不用,resist,，而用,bear,或,stand,。,assumption n,假定；設(shè)想；承擔(dān)；掌握,(,教材,P,14,)Scientists,believe,human,cloning,is,just,a,matter,of,time,but,the,assumption,that,human,clones,have,already been born hasnt been proved

31、yet.,科學(xué)家們相信人類,的克隆只不過(guò)是時(shí)間問(wèn)題，但是克隆人已問(wèn)世的說(shuō)法還沒(méi)有,被證實(shí)。,on the assumption that.,假定,It is assumed that.,人們認(rèn)為,It,is,generally,assumed,that,stress,is,caused,by,too,much work.,普遍認(rèn)為，壓力是工作過(guò)重所致。,We,are,working,on,the,assumption,that,it,was,a,gas,explosion.,我們假定這是一場(chǎng)燃?xì)獗ㄊ鹿省?單詞多維演練,.,選詞填空,resist,；,owe,；,strike,；,assume

32、,；,forbid,；,bother,；,undertake,；,object,1,Would it,you if I put on some music?,2,She,is,overweight,，,but,she,cant,eating,more delicious food.,3,The group,that the policy would prevent,patients from receiving the best treatment.,4,These early settlers,their survival,hard work and determination to suc

33、ceed.,5,Everyone is,to own a gun privately.,6,That is one of the most challenging engineering,projects they have ever,.,7,They naively,things can only get better.,8,All the people present at the meeting were,by the story.,【答案】,1.bother,2.resist,3.objected,4.owed,；,to,5.forbidden,6.undertaken,7.assum

34、e,8.struck,.,典詞應(yīng)用,1,完成句子,學(xué)生們應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)种普T惑，集中精力備考。,(resist),Students,should,and,focus,on,exams,alone.,她忍不住給他提建議。,(resist),She cannot,him advice.,如果你愿意承擔(dān)任務(wù)，我將不勝感激。,(undertake),If you will,，,I shall be very grateful.,他答應(yīng)在星期五以前完成那項(xiàng)工作。,(undertake),He,by Friday.,【答案】,resist,the,temptation,resist,giving,undertake

35、 the task,undertook to finish the job,2,用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,The law forbids,(smoke) in public buildings.,They,forbade,their,children,(play),computer games.,We,were,forbidden,(look),out,of,the,window when the train was moving.,【答案】,smoking,to play,to look,3,用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空,Dont bother me,little things like that.,I

36、dont want to put you,any bother.,The,young,writer,owed,his,success,his,teachers encouragement.,It,was,owing,the,bad,weather,that,I,was,late.,【答案】,with/about,to,to,to,3,精典短語(yǔ)研析,pay off,得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償清,(,教材,P,11,)But,at,last,the,determination,and,patience,of,the,scientists,paid,off,in,1996,with,a,breakth

37、rough,the,cloning of Dolly the sheep.,但是，科學(xué)家的決心和耐心最終得,到了回報(bào)，,這就是,1996,年具有突破性的克隆羊“多莉”的誕,生。,一詞多義,寫出下列句子中,pay off,的含義,Our plan certainly paid off,；,it was a great idea.,They paid off their mortgage after seven years.,His design won the first prize in the competition.Years,of patience and hard work had a

38、t last paid off.,【答案】,取得成功,償清,得到好結(jié)果,pay back,償還,(,欠款,),；報(bào)復(fù),pay for sth.,付某物的錢；為某事物付出代價(jià),pay sb.for sth.,因某事物給某人報(bào)酬,That,I,can,pay,back,the,help,people,give,me,makes,me happy.,能夠回報(bào)人們給我的幫助讓我感到很開(kāi)心。,He,had,to,work,part-,time,so,as,to,pay,for,his,education.,他必須做兼職工作來(lái)支付學(xué)費(fèi)。,cast down,沮喪；不愉快,(,教材,P,12,)Clonin

39、g scientists were cast down to find that,Dollys,illnesses,were,more,appropriate,to,a,much,older,animal.,研究克隆的科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)多莉得的病更容易發(fā)生在年,老的羊身上，這讓他們很沮喪。,cast aside/off,拋棄；擺脫,cast/throw/put o prison,把某人投入監(jiān)獄,cast doubt on,使懷疑,cast/throw light on/upon,使,為人所知,/,被披露出來(lái),He cast aside the newspaper impatiently.,

40、他不耐煩地把報(bào)紙扔到一邊。,She was cast down for several days after she heard the,bad news.,聽(tīng)到那個(gè)壞消息后，她沮喪了好幾天。,object to,反對(duì)；不贊成,object to sb./sth.,反對(duì)；不贊成,object to sb.doing.,反對(duì),(,某人,),做,I really object to being charged for parking.,我非常反對(duì)收停車費(fèi)。,I dont object to the children going with us.,我不反對(duì)孩子們和我們一道去。,in vain,白白地

41、；徒勞；白費(fèi)力氣；枉費(fèi)心機(jī),(,教材,P,15,)All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain,if,there,is,not,enough,diversity,in,the,group,to,overcome,illnesses.,如果某個(gè)動(dòng)物群體沒(méi)有足夠的多樣化以戰(zhàn)勝疾病，那么,克隆這種動(dòng)物的所有努力都將是無(wú)用的。,in trouble,處于困境中,in danger,處于危險(xiǎn)中,All the efforts he invested were in vain.,所有那些他付出的努力都是徒勞無(wú)果的。,Their lives have no

42、t laid down in vain.,他們并沒(méi)有白白犧牲。,短語(yǔ)多維演練,.,選詞填空,p,ay off,；,bring back to life,；,cast down,；,from time to time,；,in vain,；,be bound to,1,Jack wanted to be informed,how Jane was,getting along.,2,Since George heard of his failure in the exam,，,he has,been very,.,3,If people dont learn from this,，,then hi

43、s suffering and,death were,.,4,You must,your old loan before you can,obtain a new one.,5,Keep on working hard like this,，,and your research,obtain great success.,6,In ancient times,，,people believed that they could,after death.,【答案】,1.from time to time,2.cast down,3.in vain,4,pay off,5.is bound to,6

44、.be brought back to life,.,用合適的介詞或副詞填空,1,He,was,much,cast,by,the,result,of,the,experiment.,2,When,she,became,famous,she,cast,her,old,friends,.,3,Its side effects cast doubt,the usefulness of,the drug.,.,用合適的介詞或副詞填空,1,He,was,much,cast,by,the,result,of,the,experiment.,2,When,she,became,famous,she,cast

45、,her,old,friends,.,3,Its side effects cast doubt,the usefulness of,the drug.,4,In her opinion,，,Murphy should be cast,prison.,【答案】,1.down,2.aside/off,3.on,4.into,.,用,pay,的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)完成下列句子,1,Whichever one of you breaks the window will have to,it.,2,Two hundred workers have,.,3,You must,all the mony within

46、2 months.,【答案】,1.pay for,2.been paid off,3.pay back,4,典型句式剖析,(,教材,P,12,)However,，,scientists,still,wonder,whether,cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.,然而,科學(xué)家們?nèi)詫?duì)克隆技術(shù)有助于人類還是有害于人類以及克隆,技術(shù)將把我們引向哪里感到困惑。,句式分析,whether.or,意為“無(wú)論還是”，,常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從句。,if,也是可以與,or,not,并用的，在動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句中，,whether

47、.or not,與,if.or not,也是可以互換使用的。,此外，,后,置的主語(yǔ)從句，也可以用,if.or not,引出。注意，,or not,可直,接跟在,whether,后面，即,whether,or,not,，但不能直接跟在,if,后面，即不可說(shuō),if or not,。,Whether he will go there or not makes no difference.,(,主語(yǔ)從句,),無(wú)論他去不去那里都沒(méi)關(guān)系。,I dont know whether or not he likes it.,(,賓語(yǔ)從句,),我不知道他喜不喜歡它。,Whether you like it or

48、not,，,you must do it well.(,讓步狀,語(yǔ)從句,),不管你喜不喜歡，你必須做好它。,(,教材,P,15,)The advantage is that if there is a new illness,some of these animals may die.,其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是如果發(fā)生了某種新,的疾病，這類動(dòng)物中的一些可能會(huì)死掉,The advantage is that.,其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是,The problem is that.,問(wèn)題是,The drawback is that.,缺點(diǎn)是,The chance is that.,有可能,There is no chance that.,沒(méi)有可能,The,advantage,is,that,we,have,a,good,command,of,English.,其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是我們很好地掌握了英語(yǔ)。,The problem is that we cant get the money we need.,問(wèn)題是我們不能得到我們所需要的錢。,The,drawback,of,the,popularity,of,cars,is,that,it,brings about so much air pollution.,汽車普及的缺點(diǎn)是它帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)重的空氣污染。,句式多維演練,.,連詞填空,1,it rains or