IT項(xiàng)目管理術(shù)語對(duì)照

1、英文術(shù)語漢語翻譯Accept驗(yàn)收Acceptance驗(yàn)收Acceptance Criteria驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Acquire Project TeamProcess獲取項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)Activity活動(dòng)Activity AttributesOutput/Input活動(dòng)屬性Activity Code活動(dòng)編碼Activity DefinitionProcess活動(dòng)定義Activity Description（AD）活動(dòng)描述Activity Duration活動(dòng)歷時(shí)Activity Duration EstimatingProcess活動(dòng)歷時(shí)估算Activity Identifier活動(dòng)標(biāo)識(shí)符Activity L

2、istOutput/Input活動(dòng)列表Activity-on-Arrow（AOA）AOA、雙代號(hào)法Activity-on-Node（AON）AON、單代號(hào)法Activity Resource EstimatingProcess活動(dòng)資源估算Activity SequencingProcess活動(dòng)排序Actual Cost（AC）實(shí)際成本Actual Cost of Work Performed（ACWP）已執(zhí)行工作的實(shí)際成本Actual Duration實(shí)際歷時(shí)Actual Finish Date（AF）實(shí)際完成日期Actual Start Date（AS）實(shí)際開始日期Analogous Est

3、imatingTechnique類比估算Application Area應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域Apportioned Effort（AE）分配的工作量Approval批準(zhǔn)Approve批準(zhǔn)Approved Change Request已批準(zhǔn)的變更請(qǐng)求Arrow箭線Arrow Diagramming Method（ADM）箭線圖As-of Date截止日期AssumptionsOutput/Input假設(shè)Assumptions AnalysisTechnique假設(shè)分析Authority職權(quán)Backward Pass逆向推算Bar ChartTool條形圖（甘特圖）Baseline基線Baseline Fin

4、ish Date基線完成日期Baseline Start Date基線開始日期Bill of Materials（BOM）材料單Bottom-up EstimatingTechnique自底向上估算BrainstormingTechnique頭腦風(fēng)暴Budget預(yù)算Budget at Completion（BAC）完工預(yù)算Budgeted Cost of Work Performed（BCWP）已執(zhí)行工作的預(yù)算成本Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled（BCWS）計(jì)劃工作的預(yù)算成本Buffer緩沖Buyer買方Calendar Unit日歷單位Change Contro

5、l變更控制Change Control Board（CCB）變更控制委員會(huì)Change Control SystemTool變更控制系統(tǒng)Change Request變更請(qǐng)求Chart of AccountsTool賬目圖表Charter章程（憲章）ChecklistOutput/Input檢查單Claim索償、索賠Close ProjectProcess結(jié)項(xiàng)（結(jié)束項(xiàng)目）Closing ProcessesProcess Group結(jié)束（收尾）過程Code of AccountsTool賬目編碼Co-locationTechnique同地辦公Common Cause共同原因Communicatio

6、n溝通Communication Management PlanOutput/Input溝通管理計(jì)劃Communications PlanningProcess溝通規(guī)劃Compensation補(bǔ)償Component部（組）件Configuration Management SystemTool配置管理系統(tǒng)ConstraintInput約束（條件）Contingency意外、應(yīng)急情況Contingency Allowance應(yīng)急余量Contingency ReserveOutput/Input應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)備ContractOutput/Input合同Contract AdministrationPro

7、cess合同管理Contract ClosureProcess合同終止/收尾Contract Management PlanOutput/Input合同管理計(jì)劃Contract Statement of Work（SOW）Output/Input合同工作說明書Contract Work Breakdown Structure（CWBS）Output/Input合同工作分解結(jié)構(gòu)ControlTechnique控制Control Account（CA）Tool控制帳目Control Account Plan（CAP）Tool控制賬目計(jì)劃Control ChartTool控制圖Control Lim

8、its控制范圍Controlling控制Corrective Action糾正措施Cost成本Cost Baseline成本基線Cost BudgetingProcess成本預(yù)算Cost ControlProcess成本控制Cost EstimatingProcess成本估算Cost Management PlanOutput/Input成本管理計(jì)劃Cost of Quality（COQ）Technique質(zhì)量成本Cost Performance Index（CPI）成本績效系數(shù)Cost-Plus-Fee（CPF）成本加附加費(fèi)Cost-Plus-Fixed-Fee（CPFF）Contract成

9、本加固定附加費(fèi)合同Cost-Plus-Incentive-Fee（CPIF）Contract成本加獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)合同Cost-Plus-Percentage of Cost（CPPC）成本加成本比率合同Cost-Reimbursable Contract成本償還合同Cost Variance（CV）成本偏差CrashingTechnique壓縮、趕工Create WBS（Work Breakdown Structure）Process創(chuàng)建工作分解結(jié)構(gòu)Criteria準(zhǔn)則/標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Critical Activity關(guān)鍵活動(dòng)Critical Chain MethodTechnique關(guān)鍵鏈法Critical P

10、athOutput/Input關(guān)鍵路徑Critical Path Method（CPM）Technique關(guān)鍵路徑法Current Finish Date當(dāng)前結(jié)束日期Current Start Date當(dāng)前開始日期Customer顧客、客戶Data Date（DD）數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)期Date時(shí)期、日期Decision Tree AnalysisTechnique決策樹分析Decompose分解DecompositionTechnique分解Defect缺陷Defect Repair缺陷修復(fù)DeliverableOutput/Input可交付物DelphiTechniqueTechnique德爾菲技術(shù)De

11、pendency依賴關(guān)系Design ReviewTechnique設(shè)計(jì)評(píng)審Develop Project CharterProcess制定項(xiàng)目章程Develop Project Management PlanProcess制定項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃Develop Project Scope Statement（Preliminary）Process制定項(xiàng)目范圍說明書（初步）Develop Project TeamProcess項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)Direct and Manage Project ExecutionProcess指導(dǎo)和管理項(xiàng)目執(zhí)行Discipline學(xué)科、專業(yè)Discrete Effort離散

12、工作量Document文檔Documented Procedure總結(jié)并記錄下來的流程Dummy Activity虛活動(dòng)Duration（DU or DUR）歷時(shí)Early Finish Date（EF）最早結(jié)束時(shí)間Early Start Date（ES）最早開始時(shí)間Earned Value（EV）掙值Earned Value Management（EVM）掙值管理Earned Value Technique（EVT）Technique掙值技術(shù)Effort工作量Enterprise企業(yè)EnterpriseEnvironmental FactorsOutput/Input企業(yè)環(huán)境因素/事業(yè)環(huán)境因

13、素EstimateOutput/Input估算Estimate at Completion（EAC）Output/Input完工估算Estimate to Complete（ETC）Output/Input完工尚需估算Event事件Exception Report異常報(bào)告Execute執(zhí)行Executing執(zhí)行Executing ProcessesProcess Group執(zhí)行過程Execution執(zhí)行Expected Monetary Value（EMV）Analysis期望貨幣值分析Expert JudgmentTechnique專家判斷Failure Mode and Effect An

14、alysis（FMEA）Technique失效模式和影響分析Fast TrackingTechnique快速跟進(jìn)Finish Date結(jié)束日期Finish-to-Finish（FF）結(jié)束-結(jié)束Finish-to-Start（FS）結(jié)束-開始Firm-Fixed-Price（FFP）Contract固定總價(jià)合同F(xiàn)ixed-Price-Incentive-Fee（FPIF）Contract固定價(jià)格加獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)合同F(xiàn)ixed-Price or Lump-Sum Contract固定價(jià)格或總額合同F(xiàn)loat浮動(dòng)時(shí)間FlowchartingTechnique流程圖Forecasts預(yù)測、預(yù)想Forward P

15、ass正向推算、正推法Free Float（FF）自由浮動(dòng)時(shí)間Functional Manager職能經(jīng)理Functional Organization職能型組織Funds資金Gantt Chart甘特圖Goods貨物、物品、商品Grade等級(jí)Ground RulesTool基本規(guī)則、條例Hammock Activity集合活動(dòng)Historical Information歷史信息Human Resource PlanningProcess人力資源規(guī)劃Imposed Date強(qiáng)制日期Influence DiagramTool影響圖Influencer有影響力的人Information Distr

16、ibutionProcess信息發(fā)布Initiating ProcessesProcess Group啟動(dòng)過程、開始過程Initiator發(fā)起人InputProcess Input輸入InspectionTechnique審查Integral整體（構(gòu)成整體所必須的）Integrated整體的Integrated Change ControlProcess整體變更控制Invitation for Bid（IFB）邀標(biāo)書Issue問題、爭端Knowledge知識(shí)Knowledge Area Process知識(shí)域過程Knowledge Area，Project Management知識(shí)域、項(xiàng)目管理L

17、agTechnique滯后Late Finish Date（LF）最遲結(jié)束時(shí)間Late Start Date（LS）最遲開始時(shí)間Latest Revised Estimate最新修訂的估算LeadTechnique超前Lessons LearnedOutput/Input經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)Lessons Learned Knowledge Base經(jīng)驗(yàn)知識(shí)庫Level of Effort（LOE）投入水平Leveling平衡Life Cycle生命周期Log日志Logic邏輯Logic Diagram邏輯圖Logical Relationship邏輯關(guān)系Manage Project TeamProces

18、s管理項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)Manage StakeholdersProcess管理項(xiàng)目干系人Master ScheduleTool主進(jìn)度表Materiel物資Matrix Organization矩陣型組織Methodology方法論Milestone里程碑Milestone ScheduleTool里程碑進(jìn)度Monitor監(jiān)督Monitor and Control Project WorkProcess監(jiān)督和控制項(xiàng)目工作Monitoring監(jiān)督Monitoring and Controlling ProcessesProcess Group監(jiān)督和控制過程Monte CarloAnalysis蒙特卡洛分析

19、Near-Critical Activity近關(guān)鍵路徑/次關(guān)鍵路徑Network網(wǎng)絡(luò)Network Analysis網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析Network Logic網(wǎng)絡(luò)邏輯Network Loop網(wǎng)絡(luò)循環(huán)Network Open End網(wǎng)絡(luò)開放端Network Path網(wǎng)絡(luò)路徑NetworkingTechnique人際網(wǎng)Node節(jié)點(diǎn)Objective目標(biāo)、目的Operations（日常）運(yùn)營Opportunity機(jī)會(huì)Organization組織Organization ChartTool組織圖Organizational Breakdown Structure（OBS）Tool組織分解結(jié)構(gòu)Organizat

20、ional Process AssetsOutput/Input組織過程財(cái)富/組織過程資產(chǎn)Original Duration（OD）初始?xì)v時(shí)OutputProcess Output輸出Parametric EstimatingTechnique參數(shù)式估算Pareto ChartTool帕累托圖Path Convergence路徑會(huì)聚Path Divergence路徑發(fā)散Percent Complete（PC or PCT）完成百分率Perform Quality Assurance（QA）Process執(zhí)行質(zhì)量保證Perform Quality Control（QC）Process執(zhí)行質(zhì)量控制

21、Performance Measurement Baseline績效測量基線Performance ReportingProcess績效報(bào)告Performance ReportsOutput/Input績效報(bào)告Performing Organization執(zhí)行組織Phase階段Plan ContractingProcess計(jì)劃簽約Plan Purchases and AcquisitionsProcess計(jì)劃購買和獲取Planned Finish Date（PF）計(jì)劃結(jié)束時(shí)間Planned Start Date（PS）計(jì)劃開始時(shí)間Planned Value（PV）計(jì)劃值Planning Pac

22、kage計(jì)劃包Planning ProcessesProcess Group計(jì)劃過程Portfolio投資組合Portfolio ManagementTechnique投資組合管理/項(xiàng)目組合管理Position DescriptionTool職（崗）位描述Practice慣例Precedence Diagramming Method（PDM）Technique前導(dǎo)圖法Precedence Relationship前導(dǎo)關(guān)系Predecessor Activity前置活動(dòng)Preventive Action預(yù)防措施Probability and Impact MatrixTool概率和影響矩陣Pro

23、cedure流程Process過程Process Group過程組Procurement DocumentsOutput/Input采購文檔Procurement Management PlanOutput/Input采購管理計(jì)劃Product產(chǎn)品Product Life Cycle產(chǎn)品生命周期Product Scope產(chǎn)品范圍Product Scope Description產(chǎn)品范圍描述Program大型項(xiàng)目Program Management大型項(xiàng)目管理Program Management Office（PMO）大型項(xiàng)目管理辦公室Progressive ElaborationTechniq

24、ue漸進(jìn)明細(xì)Project項(xiàng)目Project Calendar項(xiàng)目日歷Project CharterOutput/Input項(xiàng)目章程Project Communications ManagementKnowledge Area項(xiàng)目溝通管理Project Cost ManagementKnowledge Area項(xiàng)目成本管理Project Human Resource ManagementKnowledge Area項(xiàng)目人力資源管理Project Initiation項(xiàng)目啟動(dòng)Project Integration ManagementKnowledge Area項(xiàng)目整體管理Project Lif

25、e Cycle項(xiàng)目生命周期Project Management（PM）項(xiàng)目管理Project Management Body of Knowledge（PMBOK）項(xiàng)目管理知識(shí)體系Project Management Information System（PMIS）Tool項(xiàng)目管理信息系統(tǒng)Project Management Knowledge Area項(xiàng)目管理知識(shí)域Project Management Office（PMO）項(xiàng)目管理辦公室Project Management PlanOutput/Input項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃Project Management Process項(xiàng)目管理過程Proje

26、ct Management Process Group項(xiàng)目管理過程組Project Management Professional（PMP）項(xiàng)目管理專業(yè)人員Project Management SoftwareTool項(xiàng)目管理軟件Project Management SystemTool項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)Project Management Team項(xiàng)目管理團(tuán)隊(duì)Project Manager（PM）項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理Project Organization ChartOutput/Input項(xiàng)目組織章程Project Phase項(xiàng)目階段Project Process Groups項(xiàng)目過程組Project Pr

27、ocurement ManagementKnowledge Area項(xiàng)目采購管理Project Quality ManagementKnowledge Area項(xiàng)目質(zhì)量管理Project Risk ManagementKnowledge Area項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理Project ScheduleOutput/Input項(xiàng)目進(jìn)度Project Schedule Network DiagramOutput/Input項(xiàng)目進(jìn)度網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖Project Scope項(xiàng)目范圍Project Scope ManagementKnowledge Area項(xiàng)目范圍管理Project Scope Management Pl

28、anOutput/Input項(xiàng)目范圍管理計(jì)劃Project Scope StatementOutput/Input項(xiàng)目范圍說明書Project Sponsor項(xiàng)目出資人Project Stakeholder項(xiàng)目干系人Project Summary Work Breakdown Structure（PSWBS）Tool項(xiàng)目概要工作分解結(jié)構(gòu)Project Team項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)Project Team Directory項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)名錄Project Team Members項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)成員Project Time ManagementKnowledge Area項(xiàng)目時(shí)間管理Project Work項(xiàng)目工作Pr

29、ojectized Organization項(xiàng)目型組織Qualitative Risk AnalysisProcess定性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析Quality質(zhì)量Quality Management PlanOutput/Input質(zhì)量管理計(jì)劃Quality PlanningProcess質(zhì)量規(guī)劃Quantitative Risk AnalysisProcess定量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析Regulation規(guī)章Reliability可靠性Remaining Duration（RD）剩余歷時(shí)Request for Information征集資料/信息Request for Proposal（RFP）方案征集書Request

30、 for Quotation（RFQ）報(bào)價(jià)請(qǐng)求Request Seller ResponsesProcess請(qǐng)求賣方回應(yīng)Requested ChangeOutput/Input已申請(qǐng)的變更Requirement需求Reserve預(yù)留Reserve AnalysisTechnique預(yù)留分析Residual Risk殘余風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Resource資源Resource Breakdown Structure（RBS）資源分解結(jié)構(gòu)Resource Calendar資源日歷Resource-Constrained Schedule受限于資源的進(jìn)度Resource Histogram資源圖Resource L

31、evelingTechnique資源平衡Resource-Limited Schedule資源受限的進(jìn)度Resource Planning資源計(jì)劃Responsibility Assignment Matrix（RAM）Tool職責(zé)分配矩陣Result成果、結(jié)果Retainage保證金Rework返工Risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Risk AcceptanceTechnique風(fēng)險(xiǎn)接受Risk AvoidanceTechnique風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避Risk Breakdown Structure（RBS）Tool風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分解結(jié)構(gòu)Risk Category風(fēng)險(xiǎn)類別Risk Database風(fēng)險(xiǎn)數(shù)據(jù)庫Risk Identific

32、ationProcess風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識(shí)別Risk Management PlanOutput/Input風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理計(jì)劃Risk Management PlanningProcess風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理規(guī)劃Risk MitigationTechnique風(fēng)險(xiǎn)緩解Risk Monitoring and ControlProcess風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)督和控制Risk RegisterOutput/Input風(fēng)險(xiǎn)登記表Risk Response PlanningProcess風(fēng)險(xiǎn)響應(yīng)規(guī)劃Risk TransferenceTechnique風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移Role角色Rolling Wave PlanningTechnique滾動(dòng)式計(jì)劃Root

33、 Cause AnalysisTechnique根本原因分析Schedule進(jìn)度、進(jìn)度表Schedule Activity進(jìn)度活動(dòng)Schedule Analysis進(jìn)度分析Schedule CompressionTechnique進(jìn)度壓縮Schedule ControlProcess進(jìn)度控制Schedule DevelopmentProcess進(jìn)度制定Schedule Management PlanOutput/Input進(jìn)度管理計(jì)劃Schedule Milestone進(jìn)度里程碑Schedule ModelTool進(jìn)度模型Schedule Network AnalysisTechnique進(jìn)度

34、網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析Schedule Performance Index（SPI）進(jìn)度績效指數(shù)Schedule Variance（SV）進(jìn)度偏差Scheduled Finish Date（SF）計(jì)劃結(jié)束時(shí)間Scheduled Start Date（SS）計(jì)劃開始時(shí)間Scope范圍Scope Baseline范圍基線Scope Change范圍變更Scope ControlProcess范圍控制Scope Creep范圍蔓延Scope DefinitionProcess范圍定義Scope PlanningProcess范圍規(guī)劃Scope VerificationProcess范圍驗(yàn)證S-CurveS曲線Se

35、condary Risk二次風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Select SellersProcess賣方（供方）選擇Seller賣方、供方Sensitivity Analysis敏感度（靈敏度）分析Service服務(wù)Should-Cost Estimate理想成本估算Simulation模擬Skill技能Slack松弛量Special Cause特定原因Specification規(guī)格說明書Specification Limits規(guī)格限定Sponsor出資人、出資方Staffing Management PlanProcess人員配置管理計(jì)劃Stakeholder項(xiàng)目干系人Standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Start Date開始時(shí)間Start-to-Finish（SF）開始-結(jié)束Start-to-Start（SS）開始-開始Statement of Work（SOW）工作說明書Strengt