高考英語單選技巧

1、高 考 英 語 單 項(xiàng) 選 擇 題 解 題 方 法,命題趨勢(shì): 1. 考查基礎(chǔ)語法知識(shí). 2. 考查語法知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能力. 命題特點(diǎn)： 注重語境,強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)用 涉及知識(shí)面廣，涵蓋了冠詞形容詞副詞動(dòng)詞非謂 語動(dòng)詞定語從句及狀語從句等。動(dòng)詞一直是考查的重點(diǎn)。 近幾年加大了交際用語的考查。 .語境設(shè)置更為真實(shí)自然巧妙。詞匯語法知識(shí)越考越活。 解題策略歸納為以下四法： 1.題眼法。2.還原法。3.一致法。4.標(biāo)點(diǎn)法,一. 題眼法 題眼法即語境分析法?！把邸敝傅氖穷}干 中的解題關(guān)鍵信息，一旦抓住了它，就能掌 握選擇的依據(jù)。在解題時(shí)同學(xué)們應(yīng)樹立全局 觀和整體觀，認(rèn)真分析語境準(zhǔn)確理解和把握 信息并關(guān)注關(guān)鍵詞句找出

2、突破口。例如,1)-Is there fog in the evening? -There_be. Ill make a phone call to find it out. must B. would C. will D. might (2) Most of the Europeans refuse to accept GM food _Americans regard it as the fruit from high tech. when B. as C. while D. the moment (3) Unfortunately, when I dropped in, Doctor L

3、i _for Beijing to join in the fight against SARS, so we only had time for a few words. just left B. had just left C. is just leaving D. was just leaving (4) Is there any possibility of the film _in Paris International Festival. being tried out B. trying out C. tried out D. to try out (5) _, but he i

4、nsisted that he _to school. A. Though he was ill; went B. Having been ill; went C. Having been ill; should go D. He was ill;go,D,C,D,A,D,二. 還原法 還原法，即句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析法。很多高考單項(xiàng)選擇 題考點(diǎn)實(shí)為難度 較小的簡單句，但命題人往往通過加 長句式，將陳述句改為疑問或感嘆等句型，使用插入語，采用倒裝和省略等手段使簡單的句式復(fù)雜化, 以增加干擾因素。解題時(shí)，同學(xué)們應(yīng)通過句型分析弄清題干的來龍去脈，還原簡單句的本來面目。 主要有如下八種還原方式,1. 將疑問句

5、還原成陳述句。例如： Whom is it up to _the matter? decide B. to decide C. deciding D. decided 解析：將題干還原為陳述句： 答案為,It is up to sb. to decide the matter,B,2 將感嘆句還原成陳述句。例如： _role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar. A. How interesting B. How an interesting C. What interesting D. What an interest

6、ing 解析：將題干還原為陳述句： 因此答案為： 3 將被動(dòng)語態(tài)還原成主動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如： Our time should be made full use of _. A. study B. studied C. studying D. to study 解析：將題干還原為成主動(dòng)語態(tài)： 因此答案為,She played an interesting role in the film,D,We should make full use of our time to study,D,4 將倒裝語序還原成正常語序。例如： Here is a note book, in which _ the name

7、s of the visitors. A. write B. written C. were written D. was written 解析：將題干還原為正常語序: 因此答案為： 5 將強(qiáng)調(diào)句式還原成一般句式。 例如: It was _ that resulted in the terrible car accident. A. because of her carelessness B. her being careless C. because she was careless D. she was so careless 解析：將題干還原為一般句式: 因此答案為,The names

8、of the visitors were written in the note book,C,Her being careless resulted in the terrible car accident,B,6 將先行詞還原到定語從句中。例如: The study you have been making _the ancient Chinese characters is an instructive job. to B.for C. of D. from 解析: 把定語從句 先行詞 the study 還原回從句中得出: 因此答案為: 7 刪除附加結(jié)構(gòu),將復(fù)雜句還原成簡單句。 例如:

9、 John plays football _, if not better than, David. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as 解析: 將插入語 if not better than 刪除得出: 因此答案為,You have been making the study of the ancient Chinese characters,C,John plays football as well as David,B,8 將省略句還原成完整的句子。例如: -Do you know what Tom does all day ?

10、-I know he spends at least as much time watching TV as he _ his lessons. A. is doing B. does C. spends in D. does doing 解析:將連詞as 后的從句還原完整,得出: 此句中的 spends 可用 來代替. 因此答案為,does,D,as he spends (in) doing his lessons,三. 一致法 一致法是另一種句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析法,即在解題時(shí)我們要注意 句子前后的關(guān)系要一致,包括主謂一致,時(shí)態(tài)一致,代詞一致,比 較對(duì)象一致等等,以此找到解題的突破口.例如: The

11、 man rushed out of the room, _into his car and started it hurriedly, _to get home as soon as possible. A. got; hoped B. getting; and hoped C. got; hoping D. getting; hoped 解析,C,從and 可知,此題考查三個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞rushed,got和started的并列, 時(shí)態(tài)要一致,所以第一空要填got,而第二空hoping是伴隨狀語,2. Written in a hurry, _. Peter made many mistake

12、s in the paper There are many mistakes in the paper we found some mistakes in the paper the paper is full of mistakes 解析: 3. Thinking about the fact that I was not prepared well enough, and _ to lose my face, I gave up this years civil service exam. didnt want B. not wanted C. not wanting D. not to

13、want 解析,分詞做狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語必須與主句的主語保持一致.此 題中written in a hurry 的邏輯主語應(yīng)該是paper所以選擇主 語一致的 項(xiàng),此題考查and連接的兩個(gè)并列狀語,前后形式要一致,not wanting ,與前面的thinking 一致,故選擇,D,C,四. 標(biāo)點(diǎn)法 在解答單項(xiàng)選擇題時(shí)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的作用不可忽視.在做題時(shí) 一個(gè)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)可能就決定了一個(gè)題的答案.例如: 1. Our first destination was Indian Greek in Kansas._was then the frontier. A. That B. Which C. What

14、D. Then 解析: 2. Everyone was on time for the meeting_Chris, whos usually ten minutes late for everything. A. but B. only C. even D. yet 解析,A,C,從前后句間的句號(hào)可知,后半句是獨(dú)立的句子而非從句,因此不可以在句首使用從屬連詞.故答案為,從破折號(hào)可知,符號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容是對(duì)前面句子的補(bǔ)充說明。故答案為,3. They believe that the spirits are with the body of the dead person for three da

15、ys; _theres always someone to stay with the dead body. A. during which time B. during which C. during when D. during this time 解析,由分號(hào)可知后半部分應(yīng)該是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子. 故答案應(yīng)為,D,總之,高考單項(xiàng)選擇題盡管只有十五個(gè)小題,但考查內(nèi)容涉及 面廣并突出了綜合性和語境化的特點(diǎn).解題時(shí),應(yīng)結(jié)合語境,認(rèn)真分 析句子,靈活運(yùn)用語法詞匯知識(shí),通過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì),從而達(dá)到分析問 題和解決問題的目的,鞏固練習(xí): ( )1._, the earth moves around the

16、sun . A. It is known that B. We all know C.What we know is D. As we all know ( )2. During the test we were supposed to stay in our seats, keep our eyes on our work, _to anyone. A. but could not talk B. instead of speaking C. rather than speak D. and not to speak ( )3. The country life he was used to

17、_greatly since 1992. A.change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed ( )4. No progress was made in the trade talks as neither side would accept the conditions of _. A. others B. the other C. either D. another ( )5.-It is 30 years since we last met. -But I still remember the story, believe it or

18、not, _we got lost on a rainy night. A. which B. that C. what D. when,D,D,B,B,B,標(biāo)點(diǎn)法,一致法,還原法刪除附加結(jié)構(gòu),題眼法,還原法刪除附加結(jié)構(gòu),)6. When _ help, one often says “Thank you .” or “It is kind of you.” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered ( )7. _ he was the last man I wanted to see, I did all in my power to help him. A. As B. Now that C.Though D.However ( )8. Who did the teacher _the article? A. have written B. have write C. had written D. has writing ( )9. Its fun to