專(zhuān)插本狀語(yǔ)從句的幾點(diǎn)重要補(bǔ)充【優(yōu)質(zhì)教學(xué)】

1、狀語(yǔ)從句的幾點(diǎn)重要補(bǔ)充綜述副詞從句作狀語(yǔ)，往往修飾的是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或者整個(gè)句子，因此不像定語(yǔ)從句或名詞從句一樣與某一個(gè)部分糾結(jié)在一起。它往往與主句相對(duì)，與主句界限分明。位于句首時(shí)，狀語(yǔ)從句還常以逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi)。Ive brought my umbrella in case it rains.Ive brought my umbrella because it is raining.Ive brought my umbrella so that I dont get wet.Ive brought my umbrella even though its not raining.You dont ne

2、ed an umbrella unless it is raining.副詞從句的從屬連詞標(biāo)志從句的存在，表示從句與主句之間的邏輯關(guān)系；從屬連詞不是從句的組成成分，后跟一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)完整的句子。所以對(duì)于副詞從句，關(guān)鍵是要找到從屬連詞，判斷其表示與主句屬于何種關(guān)系。1.1 原因狀語(yǔ)從句as, for引導(dǎo)的主從句，重要性相對(duì)平等；because從句則顯得比主句重要，強(qiáng)調(diào)原因；since則從句次于主句，重在說(shuō)明將要做什么事。1.2 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句通常由where引導(dǎo)例1 Stay where you are.例2 After you are finished with the book, put it wh

3、ere it was.例3 A driver should slow down where there are schools.例4 The tree of this kind grows favorably where it is wet.1.3 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句1.3.1*表“將來(lái)”的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞往往是用于基于一定條件的推測(cè)，而不用于表示作為前提的時(shí)間或條件等。1.3.2 When: 某一時(shí)刻例1 Ill speak to him when he arrives.例2 Ill tell him about it when he comes back.例3 When I arrived, he wa

4、s talking on the phone.例4 When I got there, he had already left.有時(shí)也可接延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，如：The doorbell rang when I was telephoning.*When有時(shí)不作“當(dāng)時(shí)候”講，而是相當(dāng)于“，這時(shí)”，這是需要特別注意的用法?？碱}I was walking along the road _ suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind. (CET-4)a.immediately b.when* c.the moment d.while1.4 目的

5、狀語(yǔ)從句考題_ Measure matter we must have units of weight, volume and length.a.In order b.In order to* c.So as d.So as to1.4.1 *so as to不可用于句首。因?yàn)閟o本意為“如此”，只有先說(shuō)了些什么，才談得上“如此”“怎樣”。1.4.2 Lest, for fear(that), in case: 以免、以防，深怕例1 Take an umbrella with you lest it should rain.例2 People evacuated the building fo

6、r fear that the wall should collapse.例3 She cleans the window with great care lest she might break the window.例4 We had a meeting and talked the matter over face to face, for fear that there should be any misunderstanding.1.4.3 Such that相當(dāng)于so + 形容詞例1 His anger was such that he lost control of himsel

7、f.例2 He anger was so explosive that he lost control of himself.例3 The weather is such that we can only stay in air-conditioned places.例4The weather is so hot that we can only stay in air-conditioned places.考題the performance was such _ the audience was deeply moved. a.as b.that* c.so d.so that1.4.4 *

8、省略式為so/suchas to, such as to例1 He was such a fool as to believe him.例2 He was so foolish as to believe him.例3 Her voice was such as to make everyone stare.例4 so bad as to make everyone stare. so loud as to make everyone stare.考題1 His story is _ to arouse our sympathy.a.such as* b.so sad c.too sad d.

9、so sad as2 The windows are _ small as not to admit much light at all.a.very b.as c.too d.so*3 Would you be _ do me a favor, please? (CET-4)a.so kind to b.kind as to c.as kind to d.so kind as to*注意： 狀語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)起來(lái)是最簡(jiǎn)單的一類(lèi)，主要是它往往是一個(gè)連接詞加上一個(gè)完整的句子，這個(gè)連接詞在句子中不作成分，意義也確定。整個(gè)從句往往跟主句分開(kāi)，沒(méi)有什么結(jié)構(gòu)上的瓜葛。 但在某種程序上，狀語(yǔ)從句又是最復(fù)雜的，那就

10、是它的那個(gè)連接詞。通常如果在狀語(yǔ)從句上有什么問(wèn)題，就是連接詞沒(méi)有搞清楚。說(shuō)起原因，就認(rèn)because, 說(shuō)起條件，只記得if, 導(dǎo)致陰溝里翻船。所以務(wù)必全方位出擊連接詞，也就是狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，避免冤死在這類(lèi)弱智從句上。1.5 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句though, although注意： 當(dāng)有though, although時(shí)，后面的從句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可連用Although its raining, they are still working in the field.雖然在下雨，但他們?nèi)栽诘乩锔苫睢e is very old, but he still works ve

11、ry hard.雖然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.傷口雖愈合，但傷疤留下了。（諺語(yǔ)）as, though 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句 as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前（形容詞、副詞、分詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前）。Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.注意： a.句首名詞不能帶

12、任何冠詞。b.句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語(yǔ)之前。 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. = Though he tries hard, he never seems雖然他盡了努力，但他的工作總做的不盡人意。注意：no matter 不能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句。（錯(cuò)）No matter what you say is of no use now.（對(duì)）Whatever you say is of no use now.你現(xiàn)在說(shuō)什么也沒(méi)

13、用了。(Whatever you say是主語(yǔ)從句)1.6 特殊從屬連詞辨別詞類(lèi)1.6.1名詞型從屬連詞。看起來(lái)只是一個(gè)名詞，但可以引導(dǎo)從句，主要見(jiàn)于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，如 the moment。Every time I listen to music Ill think of it. He didnt tell me anything the last time I saw him.He flinched each time she spoke to him. The moment/instant I saw him I knew that there was no hope.1.6.2副詞型從屬

14、連詞，如directly等。1.6.3分詞性從屬連詞，如supposing (that)等。Supposing (that) it rains, can we play the match indoors?Providing (that) there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.Given that theyre inexperienced, theyve done a good job.*少數(shù)幾個(gè)詞，不再如現(xiàn)在分詞一樣理解，留心即可。1.6.4 that型從屬連詞，如in that, now that等Now that w

15、e have decorated the house, we can move in.Privatization is thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition.*這些一些相對(duì)固定的組合，表示特定的邏輯關(guān)系，與名詞從句和定語(yǔ)從句區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。I am going whether it is raining or not.Ill go, whether you come with me or stay at home.*與名詞從句分開(kāi)。除了此處不作主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)，作狀語(yǔ)往往與主句有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)或在句末，而且or not不能少。1.7 省略

16、當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)相同或?yàn)閕t，且從句謂語(yǔ)中含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，有時(shí)可將從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞省去。這種省略見(jiàn)于一些時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件及讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中。Metals expand when (they are) heated and contract (they are) cooled.When (he was) a student in the university, he read a lot.While (he was) waiting, he took out a magazine to read.A tiger cant be tamed unless (it is) caught v

17、ery yound.The kind of tree grows favorably where (it is) wet.考題A tiger cant be tamed unless _ very young. (TOEFL)a. being caughtb. caught*c. it being caughtd. its being caught*原則：從屬連詞后要么是完整的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，要么主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞同時(shí)省略。1.8 有些條件句有時(shí)可不用從屬連詞，而用倒裝語(yǔ)序。1.8.1 虛擬條件句Had I learned the new grammar, I would have done much better.Were I you, I would not do that.1.8.2 As, though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)Old as I am, I can still fight.Try as you may, you will never succeed.Fool as he looks, he always seems to make the