克服翻譯癥translationeseppt課件

1、Translationese,翻譯癥 BY：GALAXY,Contents,Concepts of translationese. The syndromes of tranalationese. Use the translation of words in dictionary blindly. Translate the function words directly . Follow or Copy the Textual Word Order. Follow or Copy Textual Expression. 3. How to conquer the translationes

2、e,Concepts of translationese,Translationese,Meaning： is shown the bad habits or improper practices during doing the translation. 翻譯癥就是在翻譯過程中表現(xiàn)出來的種種不好習(xí)慣或者不恰當(dāng)?shù)姆椒?Main character: style poor , means the translation is unnatural, laborious, and difficult to understand. 文筆拙劣,即翻譯出來的東西不自然，不流暢，生硬或者晦澀難懂,Some

3、Examples,It was an old and ragged moon. A: 那是一彎又老又破的月亮。 B: 那是一彎下弦殘月。 He blurred the ink on the letter with his tears. A: 他的眼淚把信上的墨水弄得模糊不清。 B: 他的眼淚把信上的字跡弄得模糊不清。 Improve Your Study Habits. A: 改進(jìn)你的學(xué)習(xí)方法。 B: 養(yǎng)成好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣,Harm,One side: language does not read smoothly, which is on the contrary of the Standard

4、ization of Chinese and corrupts the readers interest in reading. 語言不順，既違背了漢語語言的規(guī)范，也敗壞了讀者的閱讀興趣,Examples: When the lady ticket-seller saw me, her otherwise attractive face turned sour, violently so. (J.H. Griffin:“ Into Mississippi”) A: 當(dāng)女售票員看見我時，她那在其他情況下還挺嫵媚的面孔突然變色，變得怒氣沖沖。 B：女售票員一見到我，原本頗為動人的面孔刷地一沉，變得

5、煞是難看,2）The old scientist is physically weak but mentally good. A: 老科學(xué)家身體雖弱，但思想健康。 B: 老科學(xué)家身體雖弱，但精神尚佳。 （3）There is the bell, someone is at the door. A: 那里有個鈴：有人在門口。 B: 鈴響了，有人在叫門。 4）It is now thought that the more work we give our brain, the more work they are able to do. A: 現(xiàn)在人們認(rèn)為，我們讓腦子工作的越多，他就能干更多的工作

6、。 B: 現(xiàn)在人們認(rèn)為，腦子越用越好用,The other side: no semantic logic, usually makes readers confused. 語義不通，往往讓讀者不知所云，甚至把讀者引上歧路。 Example: (1)They draw no distinctions and recognize no classes; they are merely American. (C. Quinn: “The Jeaning of American”) A: 它們沒有什么區(qū)別，也不分什么階級；它們僅僅是美國人的。 B: 這種褲子對人不分貴賤，不講等級，只要是美國人都可以

7、穿,2) If the Unite States betrays the millions of people who have relied on us in Vietnam, the President of the Unite States, whoever he is, will not deserve nor receive the respect. A: 如果美國背叛了信任我們的千百萬越南人民，那么無論誰擔(dān)任美國總統(tǒng)，他都不值得尊敬，也得不到尊敬。 B: 如果美國背叛了千百萬在越南問題上信賴我們的人，那么無論誰擔(dān)任美國總統(tǒng)，他都不值得尊敬，也得不到尊敬,The syndromes

8、of tranalationese,Translationese 1:Use the translation of words in dictionary blindly照搬英漢詞典是釋義,Slows,Use the translation of words in dictionary blindly,when we do some translations, if we dont go throught the context to estimate what the words exactly means,and use the translation of words in dictio

9、nary blindly and directly,that will cause translationese. Exact equivalents Polysemous word Dare not over the top half step,Use the translation of words in dictionary blindly,I believed then that I would die there,and I saw with a terrible clarity the things of the valley below. 原譯：這時我覺得我要死在那兒了，而且清晰

10、得可怕地看見了下面山谷里的景物。 改譯：這時我覺得我要死在那兒了，而下面山谷里的景致卻看得異常清晰,Example,It is not so much the actual population of the world but its rate of increase which is impotrant. 原譯：重要的不在于當(dāng)今世界人口之多，而在于其增長率 改譯：值得重視的倒不是世界人口的現(xiàn)狀，而是其增長率,Exact equivalents,We cant always find the exact equivalents between the source language and

11、target language. uncle=叔父，伯父，舅父，姑父 consin=表兄，表弟，表妹，表姐，堂兄堂弟，堂姐，堂妹 親家母=the mother of ones daughter-in-law or son-in-law(paraphrase,not exact equivalents words,Example,All right, Ill go to the meeting, but only under protest. Several demonstrators protesting against cuts in health spending were arreste

12、d. But the protests that he knows noting about the guns or the explosives. 1反抗，抗議，反對； 2堅決地表示，申辯，斷言； 3無奈，不服氣，不甘心。 He crashed down on a protesting chair. 譯文：他猛地往下一坐，椅子被壓得抗議似的吱呀作響,Pay attention to the polysemous word,Just give me a haircut today. It wont do any good to set it because I am going swimmin

13、g at Lake Floride this afternoon any way. 原譯：你今天幫我把頭發(fā)隨便剪一下。讓它老是垂下來不好，因?yàn)榫驮诮裉煜挛缥乙シ鹆_里達(dá)湖游泳。 改譯：你今天把我頭發(fā)剪一剪就行了。做成發(fā)型也百搭，因?yàn)榻裉煜挛绮还茉鯓游叶家シ鹆_里達(dá)湖游泳,Dare not over the top half step,I hate jogging. 原譯：我討厭慢跑 改譯：我討厭跑步 Canade has Prime Minister( in addition to the Governor-General) 原譯：加大那有一個“首相”（除了英國領(lǐng)地的總督外） 改譯：加拿大有總

14、理（除了總督之外,Translationese 2:Translate the function words directly and blindly照搬原文功能詞,English is a language of hypotaxis（形合），Chinese is a language of parataxis（意合）. Hypotaxis: the dependent or subordinate construction or relationship of clauses with connectives. Parataxis: the juxtaposition of clauses

15、or phrases without the use of coordinating or subordinating conjunctions,Translate the founction words directly and blindly,If we translate the founction words (conjunction, preposition and pronoun) directly and blindly,the result is 當(dāng)當(dāng)作響（when） 的的不休（定語） 和和不停（and） 它它不絕（pronoun） 被被層疊（passive voice,當(dāng)當(dāng)作

16、響,Helen was relieved when she went back home and saw the diamond still locked in the safe 原譯：當(dāng)海倫回到家看見和看到那顆鉆石仍然鎖在保險柜的時候，她放了心。 改譯：海倫回到家里，看見那顆鉆石仍然縮在保險柜里，就放心了,當(dāng)當(dāng)作響,He says he hasnt got any money when in fact hes got thousands of dollars in his account. 原譯：他說他沒錢當(dāng)事實(shí)上他的賬戶中有幾千美元的時候。 改譯：他說他沒錢，然而事實(shí)上他的賬戶有幾千美元,

17、Example,He started to shout and sing. 原譯：他開始喊叫和唱歌。 改譯：他開始大聲喊唱。 He was so young that you must excuse him. 原譯：他是如此年輕以至于你得原諒他。 改譯：他那么年輕，你們還是原諒他吧,Pronoun（它它不絕,The shopman offers a third(apple);but before biting it,you examine it,and find that it is hard and green,and you immediately say that you will no

18、t have it,as it must be sour. 原譯：店員給你第三個蘋果，但在咬它之前，你把它檢查了一下，發(fā)現(xiàn)它又硬又青，你立即說你不要它，因?yàn)樗隙ê芩帷?改譯：店員給你第三個蘋果，但在吃以前，你把蘋果看了個仔細(xì)，發(fā)現(xiàn)又硬又青，立即說不要這個，因?yàn)檫@個蘋果必然是酸的,它它不絕,Big powers have their strategies while small countries also have their own lines. 原譯：大國有他們的戰(zhàn)略，而小國也有他們的路線。 改譯：大國有大國的戰(zhàn)略，小國也有小國的路線,它它不絕,Some of the bigger fi

19、rms are engaged in researches which are of such general and fundamental nature that it is a positive advantage to them not to keep them secret. 原譯：某些大企業(yè)所從事的科學(xué)研究極具普遍性和重要性，所以不對他們進(jìn)行保密肯定對他們有利。 改譯：某些大企業(yè)所從事的科學(xué)研究極具普遍性和重要性，所以不對那些研究進(jìn)行保密肯定對大企業(yè)有利,Translationese 3:Follow or Copy the Textual Word Order 照搬原文的語序,1

20、. Complete Correspondence 完全對應(yīng) 2. Incomplete Correspondence 不完全對應(yīng),Complete Correspondence,1) After 15 years of reform, Chinas economic structure and social life have undergone a series of major changes. 經(jīng)過十五年的改革，中國在經(jīng)濟(jì)體制和社會生活等方面發(fā)生了一系列重大變化,Incomplete Correspondence,1) Hardly a month goes by without wo

21、rd of another survey revealing new depths of scientific illiteracy among U.S. citizens version1 ：幾乎沒有哪個月沒有關(guān)于美國公民科學(xué)知識匱乏現(xiàn)象加深的又一調(diào)查報導(dǎo)。 version2 ：美國公民科學(xué)知識匱乏的現(xiàn)象日益嚴(yán)重，這種調(diào)查報告幾乎月月都有,Translationese 4:Follow or Copy Textual Expression照搬原文的表達(dá)方式,Expression : diction special comparison idiom etc,A：The husband cant

22、 understand why his wife got angry so easily? B：Hes too careless maybe A：No, its not that. Actually its a storm in a teacup . I also thought its the women who is to blame. B：Anyway the man has to consider his wifes feeling. a storm in a teacup 風(fēng)波，小事引起的軒然大波，小小題大做,2） a bed of roses 安逸的生活（非玫瑰花圃） goose

23、flesh雞皮疙瘩(非“鵝肉”) eat crow被迫出丑(非“吃烏鴉”) horse sense 基本常識(非“馬的意識”) busybody 愛管閑事的人 (非“大忙人”); confidence man 騙子(非“有信心之人”) brown study 沉思冥想(非“褐色的書房”) golden opinions 高度的評價(非“金色的觀點(diǎn)”,1)Our son must go to school. He must break out of the pot that holds us in. version1 ：我們的兒子一定得進(jìn)學(xué)校。他一定得打破這個把我們關(guān)在里面的罐子。 versio

24、n2 ：我們的兒子一定要上學(xué)，一定要出人頭地,2)This is a dangerous and violent city. In some parts of it, the only law is the law of the jungle. version1 ：這是一個危險的充滿暴力的城市。在有些地方，唯一的原則就是森林法則。 version2 ：這是一個危險的充滿暴力的城市。在有些地方，唯一的法則就是弱肉強(qiáng)食,How to conquer the translationese,SOME SOLUTIONS,In terms of ideology On Lexical level On

25、syntactical level In respect of revision language sensibility,Two paradoxes :faithfulness & smoothness Content & form to give consideration to both factors of them Unity of Form and Spirit, Mutual Reception and Co-Progressiveness Convey exoticism /enrich expressions,In terms of ideology,to Overcome

26、the one-sidedness of understanding,On Lexical level: to focus on Word meaning,To guard against taking the Words at their Face Level Not to Simply clings to the ready-given meaning in a dictionary To Keep a good dictionary at hand To analysis the context carefully To understand the contextual meaning of the original words To consider the appropriate one To find a substitute (no equivalent one) idiomatic usage / in the same situation,On Syntactical level: Sentence structure,To give a proper consideration to the original f