四級(jí)作文之觀點(diǎn)對比選擇型議論文寫作訓(xùn)練課堂

1、2015,年,6,月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)作文真題,Directions: For this part you are allowed 30,minutes to write a composition entitled,On,Excessive Packaging,following the outline,below.You should write at least 120 words,but no more than 180 words,1,目前許多商品存在過度包裝的現(xiàn)象,2,出現(xiàn)這一現(xiàn)象的原因,3,我對這一現(xiàn)象的看法和建議,大綱要求：寫作,writing,部分是測試學(xué)生,用英語進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)的能

2、力，所占分值比,例為,15,考試時(shí)間為,30,分鐘,要求：三段式，字?jǐn)?shù),120,時(shí)間,30,分鐘,四級(jí)考試題型為六大類：現(xiàn)象解釋型，問,題解決型，觀點(diǎn)對比型，諺語論證，以及,應(yīng)用文和圖表作文,描述現(xiàn)象、分析原因、個(gè)人看法仍是四級(jí),考試寫作部分主要考查的重點(diǎn),提高寫作的五條原則,practice,從現(xiàn)在開始到考試，本學(xué)期至少寫五,篇作文；選其中三篇最好作文，作為成績,input,要有必要的輸入。要多看范文，背范文,在理解的基礎(chǔ)上，把范文的精彩句子、詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu),默寫。同時(shí)熟記不同類型論文的句子框架,outline,動(dòng)手寫作文前要根據(jù)題目或者中文提綱,把英語關(guān)鍵詞寫下，以確保作文不離題,vary,作

3、文的句子要多變。要在練習(xí)中敢于嘗試,使用新的句型和詞匯表達(dá),revise,作文最后定稿前，至少改三遍。第一遍自,己改，第二遍請班上兩名同學(xué)幫改，第三遍重新檢,查，抄正后再交給老師,觀點(diǎn)對比選擇型議,論文寫作訓(xùn)練,Learning Objective,Evaluate two points of view and,choose which one you agree with,Practice writing an introduction,body paragraph and a conclusion,Writing practice,要求從正反兩方面對某一事物加以論,述。這類議論文有其固定的

4、模式，如,就某一事物或現(xiàn)象給出兩種完全對立,的觀點(diǎn)，然后再擺出自己的看法；或,是先說明某一事物的重要性，積極因,素，然后再說明該事物的危害性、消,極因素等,觀點(diǎn),1,觀點(diǎn),2,個(gè)人觀點(diǎn),描述現(xiàn)象,觀點(diǎn),1,2,積極性、消極性,個(gè)人觀點(diǎn),對比選擇型,正反兩點(diǎn)論式,議論文,歷年四級(jí)作文,20015,年,12,月,Should the University Campus Be Open,to Tourists,1,名校校園正成為旅游新熱點(diǎn),描寫現(xiàn)象,2,校園是否應(yīng)對游客開放，人們看法不同,觀點(diǎn),1,觀點(diǎn),2,3,我認(rèn)為,個(gè)人觀點(diǎn),歷年四級(jí)作文,20014,年,12,月,On the Spring F

5、estival Gala,1,許多人喜歡看,cctv,春節(jié)晚會(huì),現(xiàn)象,觀點(diǎn),1,2,但有的人認(rèn)為應(yīng)該取消,觀點(diǎn),2,3,你的看法,個(gè)人觀點(diǎn),歷年四級(jí)作文,20013,年,6,月,Recreational Activities,1,娛樂活動(dòng)多種多樣,描寫現(xiàn)象,2,娛樂可能使人們受益，也可能有危害性,積極性,消極性,3,作為大學(xué)生，我的看法,個(gè)人觀點(diǎn),例題一,My View On Job-hopping,有些人喜歡始終從事一種工作，因?yàn)?有些人喜歡經(jīng)常更換工作，因?yàn)?我的看法,對比選擇型,正反兩點(diǎn)論式,作文分析,1,Paragraph 1: introduction,My View on Job-

6、hopping,Everyones attitude toward job,hopping is,different,Some people think they will do one,job until retirement,They often say something,like this: Take up one thing, like it and be good at,it,引用法,These people think that,only,when,they are absorbed in one job can they do it well,半倒裝句型,第一段：第一句首先概括

7、主題現(xiàn)象。本段第二句,為主題句，第三、四句通過引用某類人的觀點(diǎn),對主題句進(jìn)行解釋或者說明,By contrast,other people like to,change jobs from time to time,In their,opinion, the aim of doing a job is only to,get more money. So when they have a,chance to get a better-paid job certainly,they ought to seize the chance,第二段：段首句為主題句，中心思想是,like to chang

8、e jobs from time to time,第二、三句為發(fā)展句。在對第一、二段進(jìn),行銜接時(shí)，文章使用了信號(hào)詞,By,contrast,Paragraph 2: body,Paragraph 3: conclusion,My view on job-hopping falls between the,two viewpoints expressed above,I think if I,have a job that really suits me, Ill do it all my life,No other job can attract me no matter what the,b

9、enefits may be. But if I dont get a suitable job,Ill change it until I find something satisfactory,In,a word, I want to find a job that suits me; money,and other things are not under consideration,第三段：談?wù)摗拔业目捶ā睍r(shí)，作者并沒有單純,傾向于哪一種觀點(diǎn)。段首句中作者首先解釋：我,的觀點(diǎn)介于兩者之間；之后，又在發(fā)展句中對其,態(tài)度作了進(jìn)一步說明,point 1,point 2,Your view,F

10、urther explanation (reason,Summary (restate,Further explanation (reason,Further explanation (reason,例題二,Private Cars,Good Or Evil,1,有人認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)積極推廣私人汽車,2,有人認(rèn)為我們不應(yīng)推廣私人汽車,3,你的看法,Private Cars: Good or Evil,With the improvement of peoples living,standard, some people have bought cars of their,own, and other

11、s are planning to buy cars,用一,到兩個(gè)句子描寫現(xiàn)象，不要過度描寫,There,is a general discussion nowadays about,the,good or evil effects private cars may bring us,To this problem, different people hold,different views,開頭段：段落第一句為概述，通過具體的現(xiàn)象,引起讀者的共鳴。第三句為論點(diǎn)，論點(diǎn)的主題,different views,Paragraph 1: introduction,Those who,favor,pr

12、ivate cars,maintain,that,private cars are highly desirable,for,obvious reasons,主題句,In the big cities,of China, buses are often crowded and slow,especially during rush hours. If there are,more private cars, people can get around,easily. Besides, by driving cars, they might,be well protected from the

13、bad weather, and,cover long distances rapidly and pleasantly,分論點(diǎn)；舉例,主體段：主題句為第一句。中心思想是,obvious reasons,發(fā)展句中，作者運(yùn)用了公,共汽車擁擠和小汽車的種種便利這兩個(gè)事實(shí)，對,中心思想進(jìn)行說明,Paragraph 2: body part,However, there are three chief reasons for,those people who are against cars,主題句,First, cars are the main cause of traffic,accident,

14、分論點(diǎn),Thousands upon,thousands of people have been killed or,injured by car accidents all over the world,舉例,Second,car owners have to pay vast,sums for road tax and other fees every year,This is a big drain on their resources,Finally,private car owners in China may have all kinds,of trouble,such as,ge

15、tting a driving license,and finding a parking lot,舉例,Paragraph 2: body part,As to me, the latter opinion is more acceptable,Although cars have so many obvious benefits,they are too luxurious for the overwhelming,majority of Chinese people to own them,Therefore, we may say that it is still early at,p

16、resent for the popularization of private ears in,our country,結(jié)尾段：本段中，作者先在第二句話介紹了原因,第三句話闡述了作者的具體觀點(diǎn),普及轎車為時(shí),尚早,Paragraph 3: conclusion,point 1,point 2,Your view,General statement (describe the phenomenon,Further explanation (example+reason,Summary,Further explanation (example,Further explanation (reaso

17、n,小結(jié),一篇好的作文首先要有好的結(jié)構(gòu)（寫提綱,不離題,句子、段落之間合理使用連接詞,句子主題句明顯,說理之后要舉例豐富,恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂锰厥獾木涫剑◤?qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句,條件狀語從句,爭取在文章中要有一到三個(gè)亮點(diǎn)。（詞匯,詞組、句型,在寫作正反兩點(diǎn)論式文章時(shí)，我們可以借助以,下句型,1,When asked about,quite a few / many,most / the vast majority of people,think / believe,that,But other people regard / see / view / think of,as,I think quite / a

18、bit differently,2,When it comes to,some people,think,believe that,Others,argue / claim,that the opposite / reverse,is true,There is probably some truth in both,arguments / statements, but I think,在寫作正反兩點(diǎn)論式文章時(shí)，我們可以借助以下,句型,3,There is a public debate / discussion,controversy today / nowadays on,about,o

19、ver the problem / issue of,Those who criticize / oppose / object to,contend / argue that. They believe that,But people who advocate / favor ., on the,other hand, maintain/ assert that,4,Now a lot of / many / the majority of / most,people believe / think /feel that,Admittedly, , there is no /little evidence,that,結(jié)尾段常用引出“我”的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的句型,As far as I am concerned, I agree with,就我而言，我支持,As to me, the former/latter opinion is more acceptable,對我來說，前,后一種觀點(diǎn)更可以接受,For my part, I am on the side of,對我來說，我站在,那邊,As I see it,就我看來,From my perspective, I,就我而言，我