科技文獻選讀英語作業(yè)

1、 The Improvement of the Mine Gas Drainage礦井中瓦斯抽排的改進Abstract：Effective gas management is vital to the success of the long wall mining in the Bull seam, in the Southern Coalfield, Sydney Basin, NSW, Australia. The evolution of gas drainage methods and practices are discussed with respect to gas type,

2、gas drainage lead time and prevailing geological conditions.（本文就瓦斯氣體類型，氣體抽放前置時間和泛地質條件下的氣體抽放方法和實踐的進展進行了討論。） Both underground to inseam drilling and surface to inseam drilling techniques are described at both pro-drainage and post-drainage conditions. 。（在前期抽放和后期抽放的條件下，對地面鉆洞到煤層和地下鉆洞到煤層的鉆探技術都進行了描述。）Post

3、-drainage of gas from long wall is discussed for its effectiveness, practicability and efficiency. The long term benefit of the method selected is examined with respect to gas capture efficiency. An alternative method of surface based mined-out area drainage, using medium radius drilling technology

4、to drill horizontal boreholes above and/or below the production seam into the partial caving zone prior to long wall mined-out area formation is proposed.（本文還涉及到一種可選擇的采空區(qū)瓦斯抽放方法，即利用中曲率鉆井技術，在工作面上方或下方或是上下都鉆探水平鉆井直到連通到采空區(qū)前端的部分崩落區(qū)，以實現(xiàn)采空區(qū)的瓦斯抽放。）1 INTRODUCTIONEffective gas management is vital to the success

5、 of the long wall mines operating in the Bull seam, located in the Southern Sydney Basin, Australia. High gas emissions are characteristic of the region with specific gas emissions typically in the order of 30-45 m3/t. （30-45 m3/t的高瓦斯排放量是本地區(qū)特殊氣體排放類型的特征。）The primary role of pro-drainage is to reduce

6、the gas content of the coal seam to be extracted to less than the prescribed Threshold Limit V Value (TLV). （掘進巷道前期瓦斯抽放技術的首要任務是限制礦井中的氣體含量，使其小于規(guī)定的閾值(TLV)。）2 BACKGROUNDThe use of routine drilling programs for gas drainage began in Australia in 1980 and quickly spread among the gassy mines in both New

7、South Wales and Queensland.(瓦斯抽放的常規(guī)鉆井程序在澳大利亞開始于1980年，并且在新南威爾士和昆士蘭富含瓦斯的礦井中迅速普及。)In addition to the inseam drilling for pro-drainage significant attention is also given to post-drainage gas capture methods.(煤層內部鉆孔除了高度注重掘進巷道前期瓦斯抽放外還給出了長壁開采掘進過程實瓦斯時抽放的瓦斯收集方法。) In such situations the gas concentrations in

8、 the mine airways exceeds the prescribed statutory limit resulting in a production delay until such time as the concentration is reduced.(在這種情況下，巷道中的瓦斯含量超過了規(guī)定的濃度，直到瓦斯?jié)舛冉档筒拍苓M行生產作業(yè)，這樣就會導致生產延誤。)3 PRO-DRAINAGEThe preferred method of draining gas ahead of roadway development has been through the use of u

9、nderground to inseam(UIS) drilling.(抽放巷道前端瓦斯氣體的前期方法已經(jīng)通過地下煤層內部(UIS)鉆井技術得以應用。)The boreholes are typically drilled in fan patterns to minimum the frequency of drill rig , and the spacing between boreholes varies according to seam permeability and overall drainage effectiveness. (從地面向煤層鉆探時盡可能的減少鉆探頻率，地面鉆

10、孔間的距離要根據(jù)煤層的滲透性和煤礦整體抽放系統(tǒng)的效率而定。). A typical response of mine operator in such cases is to reassign drilling rigs from routine drilling into these areas to further increase the borehole density.(應對此種情況的典型辦法是重新布置鉆機，在常規(guī)鉆井到這一區(qū)域時增加鉆孔密度。)4 POST- DRAINAGEThe major source of gas emission within a mine occurs

11、in the long wall mined-out area . （礦井中瓦斯泄露的主要來源就是長臂采煤中的采空區(qū)。）The percentage of the total gas emission that is captured by the mine gas drainage system and prevented from entering the mine ventilation network is known as the post drainage capture efficiency (PDCE).（由礦井中的瓦斯抽放系統(tǒng)捕獲和阻止進入通風網(wǎng)絡的瓦斯總量在礦井泄漏的瓦斯總

12、量中所占的百分比，就是我們所知的采后瓦斯抽放有效率（PDCE）。）These methods include cross-measure drilling, back-of-bloc drainage,mined-out area seal drainage and directional boreholes.這些方法包括交叉鉆孔措施，回塊抽放，采空區(qū)密封抽放和定向鉆孔。5 CONCLUSIONSThe continued use of underground gas drainage methods alone will not be capable of draining sufficie

13、nt gas in the relatively short lead time available to support high production rates by long wall mines operating in gassy conditions.(在高瓦斯泄漏條件下的長壁煤井中，持續(xù)的使用單一的地下瓦斯抽放方法，在較短的前置時間內不能為高產作業(yè)提供足夠的瓦斯抽放能力。)The use of drilling technologies such a MRD has the added benefit of being able to drill and drain gas f

14、rom long distances which is very attractive from an environmental and community impact perspective as there is an overall reduction in the total number of surface installations required.(使用像MRD這樣的鉆井技術對于長距離鉆孔和瓦斯抽放有著更多的好處，從環(huán)保和社會影響的角度來看也是十分具有吸引力的，因為它可以大量減少在地表需要安裝的設備數(shù)量。)Coal mine gas (礦井瓦斯)Gas drainage improvement (瓦斯抽排的改進)Underground drilling (地下鉆孔)Bu