形容詞和副詞講解和習(xí)題練習(xí)

1、.高中英語形容詞和副詞一、考點(diǎn)、熱點(diǎn)回顧形容詞1、形容詞的一般用法（1）.作定語，一般放在所修飾詞的前面。Its a cold and windy day.（2.）作表語，放在系動(dòng)詞的后面。(look, feel, smell, sound.)He looks happy today.（3.）形容詞修飾something，anything，nothing，everything等復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，須放在其后。Would you like something hot to drink？（4.）表示長、寬、高、深及年齡的形容詞，應(yīng)放在相應(yīng)的名詞之后。How long is the river？ Its

2、 about two hundred metres long.（5.）只能作表語的形容詞：afraid；alone；asleep；awake；alive；well健康的；ill；frightenedThe man is ill.（正）The ill man is my uncle.（誤）（6.）只能作定語的形容詞：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木質(zhì)的；woolen羊毛質(zhì)的；elder年長的My elder brother is in Beijing.（正）My brother is elder. （誤）（7）.貌似副詞的形容詞：lonely；friendly；lively；lo

3、vely 2、形容詞常用句型（1）.“Its +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么樣”。=Sb +be +adj+to do sth 注意：這一句型中常用描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞，如good，kind，nice，polite ，clever ，foolish ，lazy ，careful，careless，right（正確的），wrong等。Its very kind of you to help me.（=You are very kind to help me.）（2）.“Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事對(duì)某人來說怎么樣”。=To do s

4、th is adj for sb .注意：這一句型中常用的形容詞有important，necessary，difficult，easy，hard，dangerous，safe，useful，pleasant，interesting，impossible等。Its not easy for them to learn a foreign language.（=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.）（3）.表示感情或情緒的形容詞，如glad，pleased，sad，thankful等常接不定式。Im very sad to hear t

5、he bad news.（4.）表示能力和意志的形容詞，如ready（樂意的，有準(zhǔn)備的），able（有能力的），sure（一定），certain（一定）等常接不定式。Lei Feng is always ready to help others.He is sure to get to school on time.副詞 1、副詞的分類副詞按詞匯意義可分為：方式副詞：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly程度副詞：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite地點(diǎn)副詞：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，hom

6、e時(shí)間副詞：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still頻度副詞：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never否定副詞：no，not，neither，nor疑問副詞：where，how，why其他：also，too，only2、副詞的基本用法：(1).副詞是用來修飾形容詞、其他副詞,一般放在被修飾詞之前.He plays the piano very well .(2). 副詞是用來修飾動(dòng)詞,常放在動(dòng)詞之后.He got up quickly(3).enough 修飾adj /adv 時(shí),放在其后.He is old

7、 enough to go to school .3、常見副詞用法辨析(1).already與yet的區(qū)別already用于肯定句句中，表示“已經(jīng)”；yet用于否定句句末，表示“還”，用于疑問句句末，表示“已經(jīng)”He had_left when I called.Have you found your ruler_？(2) very，much和very much.的區(qū)別very用于修飾形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)；much用于修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)；修飾動(dòng)詞要用very much.John is _ honest.This garden is_ bigger than that one.Thank y

8、ou _.(3.)so與such的區(qū)別1)so修飾形容詞或副詞；such 修飾名詞，My brotherruns so fast that I cant follow him.He is such a boy.2)so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞He is _ clever a boy.=He is _ a clever boy.It is_cold weather. They are _good students.3)名詞前有many ,much, few ,little (少量的) 用so 不用such

9、.(多多少少仍用so) 但little 表示 “小的” 用such.There are _ little sheep on the hill .(4).also，too，as well與either 的區(qū)別also，as well，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞之后，行為動(dòng)詞之前；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。例如，My father is a teacher. My mother is _a teacher.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher _.=My fathe

10、r is a teacher. My mother is a teacher，_.I cant speak French Jenny cant speak French，_.(5).sometime，sometimes，some time與some times的區(qū)別sometime：表示將來的或過去的某一個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間。sometimes：有時(shí)，不時(shí)的= at times some time：一段時(shí)間some times：幾次，幾倍Well have a test _next month._ we are busy and sometimes we are not.He stayed in B

11、eijing for _ last year.I have been to Beijing _.(6).ago與before的區(qū)別ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的“以前”，常與一般過去時(shí)連用，不可以單獨(dú)使用。before指過去或?qū)淼哪硶r(shí)刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成時(shí)連用，可以單獨(dú)使用。I saw him ten minutes _.He told me that he had seen the film_.(7).now，just與just now的區(qū)別now：與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，意為“現(xiàn)在”just：與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，表示“剛”just now：和過去時(shí)連用，表示“剛才

12、”Where does he live_？We have _ seen the film. He was here_. (8).lonely / alone 的區(qū)別1).alone 獨(dú)自一人/沒有同伴, 既可作adj 也可作adv.2).lonely 表示孤獨(dú),寂寞, 也可修飾地點(diǎn),表示荒涼,偏僻的，常與feel 連用。3).alone 只作表語 (以a開頭的形容詞一般只作表語,不作定語)而lonely 既可作表語,也可作定語) He lives _ on a _ island . He is _ ,but he doesnt feel _.(9).fast /quickly /soon 的區(qū)

13、別. fast 表示速度之快 quickly表示動(dòng)作之快 soon表示時(shí)間之快 Im leaving home this afternoon . Really ? Why so _? A.fast B.soon C.quickly D.early 形容詞，副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí) 1、規(guī)則變化(1).一般在詞尾直接加er或est， tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest(2.)以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st， nice-nicer-nicest(3).以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加er或est， heavy-heavier-heav

14、iest(4).重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加er或est， big-bigger-biggest注: 大,紅,濕,熱,悲,瘦,胖.雙寫末輔再變級(jí).（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat ）(5).部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級(jí)前加more構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和most構(gòu)成最高級(jí)， beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful注:表示否定意義在其前加less /least important-less important-least important English is more interesting than Ch

15、inese =Chinese is less interesting than English .(6.)由 “形容詞+ly”構(gòu)成的副詞,在其前加more/ most slowly-more slowly-most slowly；但earlyearlier-earliest 2、不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldold / elderold /eldestbad/badly/illworseworstfarfarther (距離)/further（程度）farthest /furthest下列單

16、、雙音節(jié)詞只能加more和most原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)like(想似的)more likemost likereal(真的)more realmost real tiredmore tiredmost tired pleasedmore pleasedmost pleasedoftenmore oftenmost often注: 形容詞,副詞同形有: back , high , well ,fast, early, late ,straight 3.形容詞，副詞等級(jí)的用法（1）、原級(jí)的用法1).只能修飾原級(jí)的詞，very，quite，so，tooHe is too tired to walk on

17、. My brother runs so fast that I cant follow him.2.)原級(jí)常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)A= B-A+ as +adj / adv的原級(jí)+ as +B 表示 “A和B一樣”Tom is as old as Kate.Tom runs as fast as Mike. AB-A +not+as/so+形容詞原級(jí)+as+B 表示 “A不如B”This room is not as/so big as that one. He doesnt walk as slowly as you.4、比較級(jí)的用法(1).可以修飾比較級(jí)的詞.much，a lot，far，的多a

18、little，a bit，一點(diǎn)兒even甚至，still仍然Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two. Tom looks even younger than before.(2.)比較級(jí)常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu) “甲+形容詞/副詞的比較級(jí)+than+乙”表示“甲比乙”Tom is taller than Kate. I got up earlier than my mother this morning.5.最高級(jí)的用法1).結(jié)構(gòu): the +最高級(jí)+ of +人或物( in +地點(diǎn)) He is the tallest of all the boys He

19、works hardest in his class . 注:副詞的最高級(jí)前the 可省掉2).the +序數(shù)詞+形容詞的最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞The Yellow River is the second longest river in China .3).one of +the +形容詞的最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞He is one of the cleverest students in our class. 4). “特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級(jí)+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較。 Which season do you like （the） best，spring，summer or aut

20、umn？6.級(jí)別的轉(zhuǎn)換1).原級(jí)與比較級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換 a). 倍數(shù)+ as as (倍數(shù)-1)+比較級(jí)+than This room is five times as big as that one =This room is_ _bigger than that one . b).not asas 與比較級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換 A +not as as + B A+比較級(jí)(反義詞的比較級(jí)) +than +B B+比較級(jí)+than+A Mary is not as old as Tom .= Mary is _ _ Tom. = Tom is _ _ Mary . This book is not as expe

21、nsive as that one = This book is _ _ than that one = That book is _ _than this one .2).比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換 a). the +最高級(jí)+ of / in b). 比較級(jí)+than+any other +單數(shù)名詞 +the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +anyone else +any of the other+復(fù)名 c). Nobody else + 比較級(jí) + than Tom is the tallest boy in our class .Tom is taller than _ _ boy in our

22、class.Tom is taller than _ _ in our class._ _ is taller than Tom in our class.7.級(jí)別的慣用法(1). “比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”表示“越來越”。He is getting taller and taller.(2.) “the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”表示“越，越”。The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes youll make.(3).“甲+be+the+形容詞比較級(jí)+of the two+”表示“甲是兩者中較的”。(of the twins/parents)Look

23、 at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. (4).當(dāng)adj 的最高級(jí)前有物主代詞,名詞所有格,指示代詞時(shí),不用the . This is my best book of all.(5).相比較的前后兩部分必須是同類比較. My pencil is longer than _(you).(6).比較時(shí)不能與自身相比 注: 當(dāng)相比較的兩者屬于同一范圍/類別時(shí),為了與自身相比較, 要用any other +單數(shù)名詞. 若兩者不屬于同一范圍/類別時(shí),不必用other ,直接用any + 單數(shù)名詞. He is taller than

24、_ boy in his class. He is taller than _boy in our class . A.any B.any other (7).有些含有比較級(jí)的句子里，常用that(單數(shù)、不可數(shù)名詞)、those (復(fù)數(shù)名詞)代替前面提到的詞，以避免重復(fù)。The weather in Beijing is colder than _ in Guangzhou in winter .The boys in our class are more than _ in your class .二、典型例題( )1. If you dont like the red coat, how

25、about the green one? OK, but do you have _ size in green? This one is a bit small for me. A. a big B. a bigger C. the big D. the bigger( )2. Mum, I think Im _ to get back to school. Not really, my dear. Youd better stay at home for another day or two. A. so well B. so good C. well enough D. good eno

26、ugh( )3. What delicious cakes! They would taste _ with butter. A. good B. better C. bad D. worse( )4. Mr. Zhou , of all the students in our group, who lives _ ? I think Li Lei does. A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the farther( )5. With a history of more than 1,400 years, ZhaoZhou Bridge is the _ st

27、one arch bridge in the world . A. old B. older C. oldest D. elder( )6. Bob never does him homework _ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as( )7. A: How can I speak English _ you? B: Youd better speak more, I think. A. as good as B. more

28、than C. as well as D. as much as( )8. Your English is good. Ill try my best to speak it as _you do. A. clearly as B. clear as C. clearer than D. more clearly( )9. Is your mother badly ill? No, _ , only a little cold. A. serious anything B. serious nothing C. nothing serious D. anything serious( )10.

29、 Im not sure if Im going to Tims party; I may go to the concert _ . A. only B. instead C. early D. late( )11. Although they are brothers, they are the _ opposite of one another. A. very B. just C. few D. little( )12. The new Bright Restaurant is _ than the old one. Moore and more people like to eat

30、there. A. good B. better C. bad D. worse( )13. Wang Ping does _ in physics that I missed the first class. A. badly B. Most badly C. worse D. worst ( )14. I got up so _ this morning that I missed the first class. A. early B. late C. quietly D. neatly ( )15. Do you enjoy traveling by plane? No. Its _

31、expensive. A. much more B. more much C. too much D. much too( )16. Im afraid the headmaster is _ busy to meet the visitors. A. too much B. much too C. so much D. much too( )17. How beautifully she sings! Ive never heard _ . A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice( )18

32、. You do well in your lessons. Im _ you will pass the exam. A. sure B. afraid C. sad D. sorry( )19. Who is _ in your class? Fred. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest( )20. What do you think of the football match? Wonderful! The Chinese football team has never played _ . A. better B. best C.

33、worse D. worst15 B C B C C 610 B C A C B 1115 A B D B D 1620 B D A D A 三、課后練習(xí)( ) 1. The population of China is _ than _ of any other country in the world. A. larger , the one B. more , that C. larger , that D. more , the one( ) 2. There is much wine here, but _ people want to drink it. A. many B. a

34、little C. few D. a few( ) 3. People speak _ of the film Not One Less. It is really necessary for every child to go to school. A. loud B. loudly C. high D. highly( ) 4. She always finishes her homework on time. She _ leaves it for tomorrow. A. always B. never C. usually D. sometimes( ) 5. The footbal

35、l match was _, so the boys were _ about it. A. excited , exciting B. exciting, excited C. excited , excited D. exciting , exciting( ) 6. Playing table tennis isnt difficult. You can learn it _. A. easy B. easily C. quick D. hardly( ) 7. We Chinese always put our family name _. A. last B. nearly C. f

36、irst D. in the middle( ) 8. This kind of T-shirt look _ and sells _ in the market. A. nice, good B. well , well C. nice , well D. good , nice( ) 9. The light in the room wasnt _ for me to read. A. brightly enough B. enough brightly C. enough bright D. bright enough( ) 10. Look, this digital camera is really cheap! Its only five hundred yuan. The _ , the better. Im short _ money, you know. A. cheaper , of B. cheap, for C. expensive , of D. more expensive , for( ) 11. Which subject do you like _ , math, Chin