《英漢互譯試題》PPT課件.ppt

1、英漢互譯II,第八講 吳偉雄,2,但這件事現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)搞得滿(mǎn)城風(fēng)雨，人人皆知了。 But there has been too much publicity about this case. 四、語(yǔ)篇詞語(yǔ)的翻譯 我們同樣有著輝煌悠久的歷史，我們同樣有著崇尚壯懷激烈的英雄主義；在那遙遠(yuǎn)的大地，鼓舞飛揚(yáng)，號(hào)角激蕩。 （第七屆亞洲藝術(shù)節(jié)開(kāi)幕式美的之夜文藝晚會(huì)主持詞） We share the same history, brilliant and long. We all advocate the splendid heroic songs. The drums are beating and bugl

2、es are sounding in the continent faraway, and the echoes prolong. （Tr. WWX,3,你這么有學(xué)問(wèn)，上知天文，下知地理。 You are a learned man, knowing all about heaven and earth. 這位爺好相貌，真是天庭飽滿(mǎn)，地閣方圓，雖無(wú)宰相之權(quán)，而有陶朱之富！ Oh, what auspicious features! Truly an inspired forehead and a commanding jaw! Not the makings of a prime minist

3、er, but the potentials of fabulous wealth. 何來(lái)陶朱之富？越國(guó)大夫范蠡助勾踐復(fù)國(guó)后，謝絕封賞，偕西施乘舟達(dá)太湖，遷徒到宜興鼎山隱居山村，建窯做起制陶的生意。因陶為紅色，又因范蠡經(jīng)商有道成為巨富，故民間成他為“陶朱公,4,5,珠海領(lǐng)事林碑記 珠江入海，毓秀河山，香爐灣畔，翠木疊巒。攜萬(wàn)頃碧波之壯闊，承煙墩山脈之繁蔭，得天地之爽氣，吸朝霞之灼華，海濱園林，靜幽森蔚。 己丑牛年，適逢建設(shè)珠江口西岸核心城市之良機(jī)，珠海市人民政府、廣東省人民政府外事辦公室誠(chéng)邀外國(guó)駐穗領(lǐng)事官員，齊聚海濱公園，傳敘友誼，展望鴻圖。于談笑風(fēng)生中，共營(yíng)領(lǐng)事林，播希望之種，揚(yáng)四海之情，五

4、洲氣象，匯融于此。 特立此碑，愿中外友誼之樹(shù)枝繁葉茂，萬(wàn)古長(zhǎng)青! 珠海市人民政府 廣東省人民政府外事辦公室 二九年二月二十八日,6,7,Stele Commemorating the Zhuhai Consul Grove This stele was erected at the beginning of 2009, the Chinese Year of the Ox, when Zhuhai was designated by the State to be shaped into the core city along the west bank of the Pearl River

5、Estuary, to commemorate the establishment of the Consul Grove by the foreign consular officials in Guangzhou and the representatives of the undernamed in Haibin Park, a park in the coastal park city of Zhuhai which overlooks the Pearl River joining the South China Sea. The trees planted here are the

6、 seeds of hope and will prove to be a witness to international harmony. May the Sino-foreign friendship trees be evergreen! Zhuhai Municipal Peoples Government Foreign Affairs Office The Peoples Government of Guangdong Province February 28, 2009,8,Stele Commemorating the Shula Consul Grove（方案1） This

7、 stele was erected at the beginning of 2009, the Chinese Year of the Ox, when Zhuhai was designated by the State to be shaped into the core city along the west bank of the Pearl River Estuary, to commemorate the establishment of the Consul Grove by the foreign consular officials in Guangzhou and the

8、 representatives of the undernamed in Haibin Park, a park in the coastal park city of Zhuhai which overlooks the Pearl River joining the South China Sea,9,The trees planted here are the seeds of hope and will prove to be a witness to international harmony. May the Sino-foreign friendship trees be ev

9、ergreen! Zhuhai Municipal Peoples Government Foreign Affairs Office The Peoples Government of Guangdong Province February 28, 2009,10,賞析P 455 - 6 的翻譯技巧。 學(xué)會(huì)靈活變化，破譯四字詞組，組句化零為整。 提示：用that帶出賓語(yǔ)從句后，再which帶出連串定語(yǔ)從句翻譯（參考P 277例5，變通表達(dá)）。 He went on （indulging in） wishful thinking that chicken would breed more ch

10、ickens, selling which would bring him money, with which he could buy cows, which would breed too and selling oxen would make for him more money, with which he could become a money lender, which, a succession of steps for getting rich, of course, had nothing to do with production. 體會(huì)which靈活而規(guī)范的應(yīng)用，帶出的

11、須是完整句子,11,P 458 優(yōu)劣判斷：從詞語(yǔ)選用的角度，說(shuō)出優(yōu)的理由。 1. Key link關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)；pre-requisites, 先決條件 2. traffic circleon the way from Beijing to traffic circle，道路的圓形交叉路口；圓環(huán) 3. According to law, or According to law，依法， 4. stand comparison 5. her bark was worse than her bite Bark and Bite.doc 在擇比結(jié)構(gòu)中領(lǐng)悟,12,第四章第五節(jié) 漢語(yǔ)的基本句型及其翻譯,一.

12、主謂單句 1.防止主語(yǔ)的機(jī)械對(duì)應(yīng)（P. 461） （1）漢譯英確定主語(yǔ)要體現(xiàn)句中的邏輯關(guān)系； （2）漢譯英時(shí)許多主語(yǔ)可譯成其他成分。 例1. 珠海近幾年發(fā)生了巨變。（理解多種主語(yǔ)譯法） ICE：珠海去年發(fā)生了巨變。 例2. 這個(gè)地區(qū)多雨。 1998年10月我在英國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)。 October 1998 found me studying in England. 1999年，我市的教育改革工作取得很大的成績(jī)。 1999 saw great progress in terms of education reform in our city,13,3）方位時(shí)間句首主語(yǔ)，可譯成There Be句型 勤能補(bǔ)拙

13、。（譯文P 463，還可譯為） Diligence is the means by which one makes up his dullness. It makes up for lack of natural talent by hard work. 2. 翻譯漢語(yǔ)句子的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，要補(bǔ)加動(dòng)詞。 參看本章第一節(jié)。 （P 352） 3. 防止謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的機(jī)械對(duì)應(yīng)（P 463） 漢語(yǔ)“搞”字的譯法和英語(yǔ)“make”的用法 有人認(rèn)為漢語(yǔ)沒(méi)有詞用，盡時(shí)“搞”字，英語(yǔ)呢,14,漢語(yǔ)的“搞”字 搞調(diào)查 conduct (make) an investigation 搞馬列 practise M. 搞特殊

14、化 seek for privileges 一心一意搞建設(shè) concentrate on economic development 搞小動(dòng)作 play tricks 搞改革carry out reform 大搞現(xiàn)代化 bring about modernization,英語(yǔ)的“make” make an investigation make a die make friends A news maker A trouble maker make a living make a complaint make a compliment of make money make a mess make

15、water make love The tide is making now. make time with 勾引異性 make a play for 色情引誘,15,4. 要譯出漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞隱蔽的時(shí)態(tài)、情態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) P.465 例1. 到本世紀(jì)未時(shí)中國(guó)會(huì)繁榮起來(lái)。 “會(huì)”表將來(lái)，“起來(lái)”表“已經(jīng)”，隱含“將來(lái)完成時(shí)”。 P.465 例3. 他想去那里碰碰運(yùn)氣也不錯(cuò)。 推測(cè)起來(lái)“可能不錯(cuò)”，隱含“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”。 P.465 例4. 街旁多種了樹(shù)。 街旁不可能“種樹(shù)”，是“被種上樹(shù)”，隱含“被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)”。 二. 無(wú)主句 1. 祈使句子無(wú)主語(yǔ)，照譯成為無(wú)主句。P. 465 2. 要求意味無(wú)主句，譯祈使或補(bǔ)主

16、語(yǔ)。P. 465 3. 敘事說(shuō)理無(wú)主句，譯文應(yīng)當(dāng)加主語(yǔ)。P. 466 P. 466 例1. 譯文如書(shū)，或“主語(yǔ)連貫”翻譯如下,16,P. 466 例1原文整齊對(duì)稱(chēng)，譯文也應(yīng)整齊對(duì)稱(chēng) Perceiving backwardness, one can solve the lag behind problem; Learning from the advanced, one can catch up and surpass them. P. 466 例3. 子曰:“學(xué)而時(shí)習(xí)之，不亦說(shuō)乎？有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來(lái)，不亦樂(lè)乎？人不知而不慍，不亦君子乎？” Is it not a delight, said the

17、Master, to acquire knowledge and put it into practice now and then? Is it not a pleasure to meet friends coming from afar? Is it not an intelligentleman, who is careless alike of being known or unknown? （許淵沖譯，并解析,17,學(xué)”：譯成 learn 還是 acquire knowledge？ 許淵沖認(rèn)為：Learn 可以是得到知識(shí)，也可以是學(xué)會(huì)手藝，故譯成 acquire knowledge

18、 更精確。 “說(shuō)”，通“悅”，指精神上的愉悅，固譯delight；而“樂(lè)”，指生活上歡樂(lè)，固譯pleasure。 君子，許譯為錢(qián)鐘書(shū)的獨(dú)創(chuàng)詞 intelligentleman 有人在中國(guó)翻譯人才網(wǎng)2004/08/29的帖子上問(wèn)是許淵沖把“有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來(lái)，不亦樂(lè)乎” 翻譯如下嗎？HowhappyweareTohavefriendsfromafar! 有人在2004/08/30的帖子回答吳偉雄所譯。 http:/,18,學(xué)而時(shí)習(xí)之，不亦說(shuō)乎？有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來(lái)，不亦樂(lè)乎？人不知而不慍，不亦君子乎？” How delightful it is, To acquire knowledge and put it

19、 into practice! How happy it is, To meet friends from a far distance! What an intelligentleman it is, Being known or unknown, who is careless,19,P. 467 例6. “一定要言行一致埋頭苦干?！?Deeds and words must be matched and theory and practice closely integrated. We must reject flashiness and every sort of boasting.

20、 There must be less empty talk and more hard work. The spirit of steadfastness and dedication to work should be developed. 上譯主語(yǔ)、語(yǔ)態(tài)變化大，結(jié)構(gòu)不美?？筛淖g如下 It is imperative to match word to deed, to integrate theory into practice, to reject flashiness and boasting, to turn empty talk into more concrete jobs, a

21、nd to develop the spirit of steadfastness and dedication to work. （同一段里主語(yǔ)盡量連貫。參見(jiàn)P.482-7, 482-10,20,4. 漢語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)雖省略，須補(bǔ)譯時(shí)要補(bǔ)上。P. 467 P. 468 例3. “層層的葉子中間星星?！?The leaves were dotted in between the layers with white flowers, some blooming gracefully; others, as if bashfully, still in bud. They were like bright

22、 pearls and stars in an azure sky. 上譯語(yǔ)法準(zhǔn)確，修辭不美，邏輯不清， They意不明?？筛淖g White flowers dotted in between layer and layer of the leaves, some blooming gracefully, while the others still in bud bashfully, like bright pearls or stars in the sky. 疊字“層層”譯成 layer and layer，體現(xiàn)疊字風(fēng)格,21,5. 漢語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)難判斷，三種譯法可選擇。P. 468 Ther

23、e be結(jié)構(gòu)， 主謂單句， 被動(dòng)式 P. 469 例3 一切都是經(jīng)過(guò)考慮的。 Everything is thoughtful. 6. 漢語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)隱含了，潛心挖掘譯出來(lái)。P. 469 三. 流水句 P. 471 例4 四. 主題句 P. 472 例4 五. 聯(lián)動(dòng)句 P. 473 例1,22,六. 兼語(yǔ)句 參考三種譯法（P. 473 P. 474） P. 474 例8. “我們公司請(qǐng)外賓共進(jìn)晚餐?！币部?Our company requested the company of the foreign guests at dinner with us. 七. 意合句（P. 475 ） 注意譯出語(yǔ)義重心。 P. 475 例1. 八. 主次信息句 P. 476 例6. “桂林山水甲天下，陽(yáng)朔山水甲桂林?！?Guilins mountains and waters rank first in China while Yangshuos top those in Guilin. 請(qǐng)?jiān)u議以上譯文。 此