ASTMA788A788M鋼鍛件通用技術(shù)要求（可編輯）

1、astm-a788-a788m-2010鋼鍛件通用技術(shù)要求 designation a788a788m 10standard specification forsteel forgings general requirements1標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范鋼鍛件一般an american national standardthis standard is issued under the fixed designation a788a788m the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adopt

2、ion or in the case of revision the year of last revision a number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval a superscript epsilon indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapprovalthis standard has been approved for use by agencies of the department of defense1 scope11 th

3、is specification2 covers a group of common require- ments that unless otherwise specified in the individual product specification shall apply to steel forgings under any of the following specifications issued by astm1范圍11本涵蓋了共同要求除非在個(gè)別產(chǎn)品規(guī)范中指定應(yīng)適用于由astm下發(fā)的任何以下規(guī)格下鋼鍛件astmdesignationtitlea266a266mcarbon s

4、teel forgings for pressure vesselcomponentsa288carbon and alloy steel forgings for magneticretaining rings for turbine generatorsa289a289malloy steel forgings for nonmagnetic retain- ing rings for generatorsa290a290mcarbon and alloy steel forgings for rings forreduction gearsa291a291msteel forgings

5、carbon and alloy for pinions gears and shafts for reduction gearsa336a336malloy steel forgings for pressure and high- temperature partsa372a372mcarbon and alloy steel forgings for thin- walled pressure vesselsa427a427mwrought alloy steel rolls for cold and hotreductiona469a469mvacuum-treated steel f

6、orgings for generatorrotorsa470a470mvacuum-treated carbon and alloy steelforgings for turbine rotors and shaftsa471a471mvacuum-treated alloy steel forgings for tur- bine rotor disks and wheelsa504a504mwrought carbon steel wheelsa508a508mquenched and tempered vacuum-treated carbon and alloy steel for

7、gings for pres- sure vesselsa521a521msteel closed-impression die forgings forgeneral industrial usea541a541mquenched and tempered carbon and alloy steel forgings for pressure vessel compo- nentsa579a579msuperstrength alloy steel forgingsa592a592mhigh-strength quenched and tempered low- alloy steel f

8、orged fittings and parts for pressure vesselsa646a646mpremium quality alloy steel blooms and bil- lets for aircraft and aerospace forgingsastm代碼 標(biāo)題a266a266m 壓力容器組件用碳素鋼鍛件a288碳鋼和合金鋼鍛件汽輪機(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)磁護(hù)環(huán)a289a289m發(fā)電機(jī)非磁性護(hù)環(huán)合金鋼鍛件a290a290m減速齒輪環(huán)碳鋼和合金鋼鍛件a291a291m齒輪碳和合金鋼鍛件a336a336m壓力和高溫零件合金鋼鍛件a372a372m薄壁壓力容器碳素鋼和合金鋼鍛件a42

9、7a427m冷軋和熱軋鍛制合金鋼輥a469a469m發(fā)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子真空處理鋼鍛件a470a470m渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子和軸真空處理碳素鋼和合金鋼鍛件a471a471m渦輪轉(zhuǎn)盤和輪真空處理合金鋼鍛件a504a504m鍛制碳素鋼輪a508a508m壓力容器淬火和回火真空處理的碳素鋼和合金鋼鍛件a521a521m一般工業(yè)用途鋼封閉壓模鍛件a541a541m壓力容器淬火和回火碳素鋼及合金鋼鍛件a579a579m超強(qiáng)合金鋼鍛件a592a592m高強(qiáng)度調(diào)質(zhì)低合金鋼鍛制壓力容器管件及配件a646a646m優(yōu)質(zhì)合金鋼大方坯及坯飛機(jī)和航空鍛件1 this specification is under the jurisdict

10、ion of astm committee a01 on steel stainless steel and related alloys and is the direct responsibility of subcommittee a0106 on steel forgings and billetscurrent edition approved nov 15 2010 published december 2010 originally approved in 1984 last previous edition approved in 2008 as a788a788m 08a d

11、oi 101520a0788_a0788m-102 for asme boiler and pressure vessel code applications see related specifi-cation sa788 in section ii of that code1本規(guī)范是astm委員會(huì)a01鋼不銹鋼及相關(guān)合金的管轄范圍小組委員會(huì)a0106直接負(fù)責(zé)鋼鍛件和鋼坯目前的版本批準(zhǔn)2010年11月15日2010年12月出版原來(lái)批準(zhǔn)于1984年最后一版于2008年批準(zhǔn)a788a788m-08a分類號(hào)101520a0788_a0788m-102對(duì)于asme鍋爐及壓力容器規(guī)范的應(yīng)用見(jiàn)相關(guān)規(guī)范s

12、a -788第二條a649a649mforged steel rolls used for corrugating pa- per machinerya668a668msteel forgings carbon and alloy for generalindustrial usea711a711msteel forging stocka723a723malloy steel forgings for high-strength pres- sure component applicationa729a729malloy steel axles heat treated for masstra

13、nsit and electric railway servicea765a765mcarbon steel and low-alloy steel pressure- vessel-component forgings with manda- tory toughness requirementsa768a768mvacuum-treated 12 chromium alloy steelforgings for turbine rotors and shaftsa837a837msteel forgings alloy for carburizing applica- tionsa859a

14、859mage-hardening alloy steel forgings for pres- sure vessel componentsa891a891mprecipitation hardening iron base superalloy forgings for turbine rotor disks and wheelsa909a909msteel forgings microalloy for general indus- trial usea940a940mvacuum treated steel forgings alloy differ- entially heat tr

15、eated for turbine rotorsa965a965msteel forgings austenitic for pressure andhigh temperature partsa982a982msteel forgings stainless for compressor and turbine airfoilsa983a983mspecification for continous grain flowforged carbon and alloy steel crankshafts for medium speed diesel enginesa986a986mmagne

16、tic particle examination of continuousgrain flow crankshaft forgingsa1021a1021mmartensitic stainless steel forgings and forging stock for high-temperature ser- vicea1048a1048mpressure vessel forgings alloy steel higher strength chromium-molybdenum-tungsten for elevated temperature servicea1049a1049m

17、stainless steel forgings ferriticaustenitic duplex for pressure vessels and related componentsa649a649m鍛軋輥用于瓦楞造紙機(jī)械12 in case of conflict in requirements the requirements of the individual product specifications shall prevail over those of this specification 12在沖突的情況下個(gè)別產(chǎn)品的規(guī)格要求應(yīng)優(yōu)先于本規(guī)范的13 the purchaser

18、 may specify additional requirements seecom that do not negate any of the provisions of either this specification or of the individual product specifications the acceptance of any such additional requirements shall be dependent on negotiations with the supplier and must be included in the order13采購(gòu)人

19、可以指定額外的要求com不否定本規(guī)范或個(gè)別產(chǎn)品規(guī)范的任何一種規(guī)定任何此類額外要求的驗(yàn)收應(yīng)當(dāng)與供應(yīng)商協(xié)商必須包括在訂單中14 if by agreement forgings are to be supplied in a partially completed condition that is all of the provisions ofa summary of changes section appears at the end of this standardcopyright astm international 100 barr harbor drive po box c700

20、west conshohocken pa 19428-2959 united states-the product specification have not been filled then the material marking see section 17 and certification see section 16 shall reflect the extent to which the product specification requirements have been met14如果通過(guò)協(xié)議鍛件要部分完成的條件提供即產(chǎn)品的規(guī)定都沒(méi)有得到那么材料標(biāo)記見(jiàn)第17和認(rèn)證見(jiàn)第1

21、6反映該產(chǎn)品的要求已得到滿足的程度15 as noted in the certification section 16 the number and year date of this specification as well as that of the product specification are required to be included in the product certification15正如在認(rèn)證16本規(guī)范年份日期以及該產(chǎn)品規(guī)范年份日期都必須在產(chǎn)品認(rèn)證中16 when the si version of a product specification is re

22、quired by the purchase order specification a788a788m shall be used in conjunction with test methods a1058 instead of test methods and definitions a370規(guī)范sia1058而不是試驗(yàn)方法和定義a37017 the values stated in either si units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard the values stated in each

23、 system may not be exact equivalents therefore each system shall be used independently of the other combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard17在任何一種國(guó)際單位制或英制磅單位表示的值將被分別視為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)每個(gè)系統(tǒng)表示的值可能不是確切等值因此每個(gè)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)獨(dú)立使用從兩個(gè)系統(tǒng)結(jié)合值可能導(dǎo)致不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一致性18 this standard does not purport to

24、address all of the safety concerns if any associated with its use it is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- bility of regulatory limitations prior to use18本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不旨在解決所有與其使用相關(guān)的安全問(wèn)題本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用戶的責(zé)任建立安全和健康措施并使用前確定應(yīng)用監(jiān)管限制2

25、 referenced documents21 astm standards3a266a266m specification for carbon steel forgings forpressure vessel componentsa275a275m practice for magnetic particle examination of steel forgingsa288 specification for carbon and alloy steel forgings formagnetic retaining rings for turbine generatorsa289a28

26、9m specification for alloy steel forgings fornonmagnetic retaining rings for generatorsa290a290m specification for carbon and alloy steelforgings for rings for reduction gearsa291a291m specification for steel forgings carbon and alloy for pinions gears and shafts for reduction gears a336a336m specif

27、ication for alloy steel forgings forpressure and high-temperature partsa370 test methods and definitions for mechanical testing of steel productsa372a372m specification for carbon and alloy steelforgings for thin-walled pressure vesselsa388a388m practice for ultrasonic examination of steelforgingsa4

28、27a427m specification for wrought alloy steel rolls for cold and hot reductiona469a469m specification for vacuum-treated steel forg- ings for generator rotorsa470a470m specification for vacuum-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for turbine rotors and shafts a471a471m specification for vacuum-tr

29、eated alloysteel forgings for turbine rotor disks and wheels2參考文件21astm標(biāo)準(zhǔn)3a266a266m壓力容器部件用碳素鋼鍛件規(guī)范a275a275m鋼鍛件的磁粉檢驗(yàn)規(guī)程a288磁性渦輪發(fā)電機(jī)護(hù)環(huán)碳素鋼和合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范a289a289m發(fā)電機(jī)非磁性定位環(huán)用合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范a290a290m減速齒輪環(huán)鍛件碳素鋼和合金鋼規(guī)范a291a291m減速齒輪箱小齒輪齒輪與軸碳和合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范a336a336m壓力和高溫部件合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范a370鋼產(chǎn)品機(jī)械測(cè)試的測(cè)試方法和定義a372a372m薄壁壓力容器碳素鋼和合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范a388a388m鋼鍛

30、件超聲波檢驗(yàn)規(guī)程a427a427m冷軋和熱軋鍛造合金軋輥規(guī)范a469a469m為發(fā)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子真空處理鋼規(guī)范a470a470m渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子和軸真空處理碳素合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范a471a471m渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子盤和葉輪真空處理合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范3 for referenced astm standards visit the astm website com or contact astm customer service at serviceastmorg for annual book of astm standards volume information refer to the standards docume

31、nt summary page on the astm websitea504a504m specification for wrought carbon steelwheelsa508a508m specification for quenched and tempered vacuum-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for pressure vesselsa521a521m specification for steel closed-impressiondie forgings for general industrial usea541

32、a541m specification for quenched and tempered carbon and alloy steel forgings for pressure vessel componentsa551a551m specification for carbon steel tires for rail- way and rapid transit applicationsa579a579m specification for superstrength alloy steelforgingsa592a592m specification for high-strengt

33、h quenched and tempered low-alloy steel forged parts for pressure vesselsa646a646m specification for premium quality alloy steel blooms and billets for aircraft and aerospace forgingsa649a649m specification for forged steel rolls used forcorrugating paper machinerya668a668m specification for steel f

34、orgings carbon andalloy for general industrial usea711a711m specification for steel forging stocka723a723m specification for alloy steel forgings forhigh-strength pressure component applicationa729a729m specification for alloy steel axles heat- treated for mass transit and electric railway service a

35、751 test methods practices and terminology for chemi-cal analysis of steel productsa765a765m specification for carbon steel and low- alloy steel pressure-vessel-component forgings with mandatory toughness requirementsa768a768m specification for vacuum-treated 12 chromium alloy steel forgings for tur

36、bine rotors and shaftsa833 practice for indentation hardness of metallic mate- rials by comparison hardness testersa837a837m specification for steel forgings alloy forcarburizing applicationsa859a859m specification for age-hardening alloy steelforgings for pressure vessel componentsa891a891m specifi

37、cation for precipitation hardening iron base superalloy forgings for turbine rotor disks and wheelsa909a909m specification for steel forgings microalloy for general industrial usea939 practice for ultrasonic examination from bored sur- faces of cylindrical forgingsa940a940m specification for vacuum

38、treated steel forg- ings alloy differentially heat treated for turbine rotors a941 terminology relating to steel stainless steel re-lated alloys and ferroalloysa965a965m specification for steel forgings austenitic for pressure and high temperature partsa966a966m practice for magnetic particle examin

39、ation of steel forgings using alternating currenta982a982m specification for steel forgings stainless for compressor and turbine airfoilsa983a983m specification for continuous grain flow forged carbon and alloy steel crankshafts for medium speed diesel enginesa986a986m specification for magnetic par

40、ticle examina- tion of continuous grain flow crankshaft forgingsa991a991m test method for conducting temperature uniformity surveys of furnaces used to heat treat steel productsa1021a1021m specification for martensitic stainless steel forgings and forging stock for high-temperature servicea1048a1048

41、m specification for pressure vessel forgings alloy steel higher strength chromium-molybdenum- tungsten for elevated temperature servicea1049a1049m specification for stainless steel forgings ferriticaustenitic duplex for pressure vessels and re- lated componentsa1058 test methods for mechanical testi

42、ng of steelproductsmetrice23 test methods for notched bar impact testing ofmetallic materialse112 test methods for determining average grain sizee165 practice for liquid penetrant examination for generalindustrye380 practice for use of the international system of units si the modernized metric syste

43、m 4e399 test method for linear-elastic plane-strain fracturetoughness k ic of metallic materialse428 practice for fabrication and control of metal otherthan aluminum reference blocks used in ultrasonictestinge1290 test method for crack-tip opening displacement ctod fracture toughness measuremente182

44、0 test method for measurement of fracture tough- nesse1916 guide for identification andor segregation of mixedlots of metalsa504a504m碳素鋼車輪鍛制規(guī)范a508a508m淬火和回火真空處理碳素合金鋼壓力容器鍛件規(guī)范a521a521m一般工業(yè)用途鋼封閉壓模鍛件規(guī)范a541a541m壓力容器組件淬火和回火碳素鋼及合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范a551a551m軌道和快速碳鋼規(guī)范a579a579m合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范a592a592m高強(qiáng)度調(diào)質(zhì)低合金鋼壓力容器零部件鍛制規(guī)格a646a646m

45、優(yōu)質(zhì)合金鋼大方坯和鋼坯的航空鍛件規(guī)范a649a649m用于瓦楞造紙機(jī)械鍛鋼軋輥規(guī)范a668a668m一般工業(yè)用碳合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范a711a711m鍛鋼坯規(guī)范a723a723m高強(qiáng)度壓力組件合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范a729a729m軌道交通和電氣化鐵路服務(wù)處理合金鋼軸規(guī)范a751鋼鐵產(chǎn)品化學(xué)分析測(cè)試方法以及術(shù)語(yǔ)a765a765m規(guī)范a768a768m真空處理的12鉻合金鋼渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子和軸鍛件規(guī)范a833比較硬度測(cè)試儀金屬壓痕硬度a837a83 7m滲碳應(yīng)用合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范a859a859m壓力容器部件時(shí)效硬化合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范a891a891m渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子盤和葉輪沉淀硬化鐵基高溫合金鍛件規(guī)范a909a909m一般工業(yè)用微

46、合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范a939圓柱鍛件鉆孔面超聲波檢驗(yàn)a940a940m差溫?zé)崽幚碚婵仗幚頊u輪轉(zhuǎn)子合金鋼鍛件規(guī)范a941鋼不銹鋼合金和鐵合金術(shù)語(yǔ)a965a965m壓力和高溫零件奧氏體鋼鍛件規(guī)范a966a966m鋼鍛件的交流磁粉檢驗(yàn)a982a982m壓縮機(jī)和渦輪機(jī)翼不銹鋼鍛件規(guī)范a983a983m連續(xù)晶粒流向鍛制碳素合金鋼中速柴油機(jī)曲軸規(guī)范a986a986m連續(xù)晶粒流向曲軸鍛件磁粉檢驗(yàn)規(guī)范a991a991m熱處理爐溫度均勻調(diào)查的試驗(yàn)方法a1021a1021m高溫服務(wù)的馬氏體不銹鋼鍛件和鍛料規(guī)范a1048a1048m高溫工作的合金鋼高強(qiáng)度鉻鉬鎢壓力容器鍛件規(guī)范a1049a1049m鐵素體奧氏體二聯(lián)不銹鋼壓

47、力容器和組件鍛件規(guī)范a1058力學(xué)性能試驗(yàn)方法e23金屬材料沖擊試驗(yàn)方法e112測(cè)定平均粒度的試驗(yàn)方法e165一般液體滲透檢驗(yàn)e380國(guó)際單位制的使用實(shí)踐 si 現(xiàn)代公制系統(tǒng)e399金屬材料線性彈性平面應(yīng)變斷裂韌性k ic 測(cè)試方法e428制造和控制鋁金屬超聲波測(cè)試參考?jí)K實(shí)踐e1290裂紋尖端張開位移ctod值斷裂韌性測(cè)試試驗(yàn)方法e1820斷裂韌性測(cè)試方法e1916識(shí)別和或分離混合金屬指南3 terminology31 terminology a941 is applicable to this specification additional terms and wording more a

48、pplicable to forgings are as noted in this section32 forging definitionscom steel forging nthe product of a substantially com- pressive plastic working operation that consolidates the mate- rial and produces the desired shape the plastic working may be performed by a hammer press forging machine or

49、ring rolling machine and must deform the material to produce an essentially wrought structurecom1 discussionhot rolling operations may be used to produce blooms or billets for reforging33 forging geometries3術(shù)語(yǔ) 略4 withdrawn the last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on comcom

50、 bar forging nforging that has no bore and having an axial length greater than its imum cross sectional dimen- sioncom1 discussionmore than one cross sectional shape or size may be included sometimes referred to as a solid forgingcom hollow forging nforging also known as a shell forging or a mandrel

51、 forging in which a the axial length is equal to or greater than the diameter and b the forging length and wall thickness are produced by hot working over a mandrel usually water cooled such that the bore diameter remains essentially the same as that of the mandrelcom1 discussionunless a hollow ingo

52、t has been used the starting slug is hot trepanned or punched after upsetting and the bore diameter adjusted to suit the forging mandrel the outside diameter may be contoured if required the workpiece is forged between the upper die and lower dies while the mandrel is supported by cranes or manipula

53、tors to facilitate rotationcom ring forging ntype of hollow forging in which a the axial length is less than the diameter b the wall thickness is reduced and c the outside diameter is increased by hot working between the top die and a mandrel supported on temporary saddlescom1 discussionforging betw

54、een the top die and the mandrel enables the ring diameter to be increased while reducing the wall thickness without increasing the axial lengthcom ring rolling ninvolves the use of specialized equip- ment whereby a hot punched trepanned or bored disk is a hot worked between a powered outer roller an

55、d an idling inner roller such that the wall thickness is reduced and the outside diameter is increased and b the axial length of the ring is not intended to increase and may be contained by a radially oriented tapered rollercom disk forging nforging sometimes referred to as a pancake forging that ha

56、s a an axial length appreciably less than its diameter b may be dished on one or both faces and c final forging includes upsetting operations to reduce the height of the stock and increase its diametercom1 discussionsince much of the hot working is done in axially compressing the stock the central a

57、rea may not receive sufficient consolidation to counter this effect consid- eration is usually given to the initial saddening see com of the ingot or billetcom slab forging nforging sometimes referred to as a forged plate that is usually square or rectangular in shape with a thickness appreciably smaller than the other dimension the hot working may include upsettingcom saddening nterm use