高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero句式與語(yǔ)法全方位訓(xùn)練 新人教版必修1

1、2014屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)全方位配套訓(xùn)練人教版必修一unit 5 nelson mandela-a modern hero句式與語(yǔ)法should/ought to have done 表示“本應(yīng)該做某事，而事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有做”。否定句表示“不該做某事而做了”，ought to 在語(yǔ)氣上比should 要強(qiáng)。you ought to/should have been more careful in the experiment.你當(dāng)時(shí)在做試驗(yàn)時(shí)應(yīng)該更仔細(xì)點(diǎn)。he ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.他不該把舊衣服扔了。（事實(shí)上已扔了）【?？加梅?/p>

2、】“have+過(guò)去分詞”的用法還有：（1）與should/would like連用表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。he would like to have seen it.他本想看看它。（但沒(méi)能看到）（2）與could連用，表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有的能力或過(guò)去的可能性。i could have made a lot of money.我本來(lái)能夠賺到許多錢。（但我沒(méi)能賺到）（3）與may/might連用，表示推想發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作。he may/might have left.=it is possible that he（has） left.他可能已經(jīng)走了。you might/could have been kille

3、d?。菚r(shí)）你可能會(huì)送了命的?。?）與cant/couldnt連用表示否定的推測(cè)。he cant/couldnt have moved the piano himself.這臺(tái)鋼琴不可能是他自己搬的?！臼旮呖兼溄印浚?）(2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)高考)since nobody gave him any help,he have done the research on his own.a.canb.mustc.wouldd.need答案：b 分析主從句邏輯關(guān)系知，主句是對(duì)從句表達(dá)的原因的一種猜測(cè)，must have done想必/準(zhǔn)是/一定做過(guò)某事，符合主從句之間的邏輯關(guān)系。本題句意為“既然沒(méi)人給

4、他幫助，那他肯定是自己做的研究”。can have done用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中，表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)；would have done表示過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)或用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣中；need have done通常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，表示“本不必做某事卻做了”。（2）(2013陜西高考)the children lost in the woods;otherwise,they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.a.must have gotb.must getc.should have gotd.should get答案：a 題干的意思是

5、：“孩子們一定是在森林中迷路了；否則的話他們會(huì)按計(jì)劃在湖邊露營(yíng)的?！睆念}干中otherwise后面表達(dá)的情況來(lái)看，前半句應(yīng)該是表示對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定推測(cè)，所以要用must have done結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“一定/想必已經(jīng)”。（3）(2013四川高考)why are your eyes so red？you have slept well last night.yeah，i stayed up late writing a report.a.cantb.mustntc.needntd.wont答案：a 題干的意思是：“你的眼睛為什么這么紅？你昨晚肯定沒(méi)有睡好?！薄笆堑?，我熬夜寫了一篇報(bào)告。”cant ha

6、ve done意為“不可能做過(guò)”，表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的否定推測(cè)。由題中的關(guān)鍵信息stayed up late writing a report“熬夜寫報(bào)告”可推測(cè)昨晚沒(méi)有睡好，所以選a。mustnt表示“禁止”，neednt表示“沒(méi)必要”，wont表示“不愿意”，均不合題意。（4）(2013遼寧高考)harry is feeling uncomfortable.he too much at the party last night.a.could drinkb.should drinkc.would have drunkd.must have drunk答案：d 句意：harry （現(xiàn)在）感覺(jué)不舒

7、服。昨天晚上在宴會(huì)上他肯定喝多了。此處表示對(duì)過(guò)去動(dòng)作的肯定推測(cè)，應(yīng)該用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+done”結(jié)構(gòu)，故排除a項(xiàng)和b項(xiàng)；c項(xiàng)不表示推測(cè)，而是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反的情況；must have done意為“（過(guò)去）肯定做過(guò)某事”，表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè)。（5）（2012江蘇高考）happy birthday!thank you! its the best present i for.a.should have wishedb.must have wishedc.may have wishedd.could have wished答案：d 句意：“生日快樂(lè)！”“謝謝！這是我能期待的

8、最好的禮物?！备鶕?jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這里不是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)或評(píng)價(jià)，而是對(duì)迄今為止發(fā)生的事情的一個(gè)總結(jié)。its the best present.使用的是最高級(jí)，其后接的定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該使用完成時(shí)。本題的could have wished為can have wished的委婉表達(dá)?？谡Z(yǔ)中，我們使用could替代can可使語(yǔ)氣更加委婉、禮貌，故選d。（6）(2011江蘇高考)i left my handbag on the train,but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.how unbelievable to get it back!i mea

9、n,someone it.a.will have stolenb.might have stolenc.should have stolend.must have stolen答案：b 本題考查“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”的用法。句意：“我把手提包忘在了火車上，但幸運(yùn)的是有個(gè)人把它交給了鐵路部門的一名官員?！薄斑€能找回來(lái)多么令人難以置信！我的意思是，有人原本可能把它偷走的?！眒ight have done “可能已經(jīng)”，表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生之事的不太肯定的推測(cè)，符合題意。will have done表示將來(lái)完成時(shí)；should have done本應(yīng)該做某事但實(shí)際未做；must have don

10、e表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生之事的肯定推測(cè)。（7）(2011新課標(biāo)全國(guó)高考)they have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.a.willb.canc.mustd.should答案：d 本題考查“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”的用法。句意：他們本應(yīng)該在午飯時(shí)間就到達(dá)的，但是他們的航班被耽擱了。will have done表示將來(lái)完成時(shí)，與題意不符；can have done一般用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中，可以排除；must have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的肯定推測(cè)，意為“肯定/必定做過(guò)某事”，也與句意不符；should have don

11、e表示“過(guò)去應(yīng)該做某事（而實(shí)際上未做）”，符合句意。（8）(2010山東高考)i have watched that movieitll give me horrible dreams.a.shouldntb.needntc.couldntd.mustnt答案：a 句意：我本不應(yīng)該看那部電影它會(huì)給我?guī)?lái)噩夢(mèng)。由破折號(hào)后的內(nèi)容來(lái)判斷，其前內(nèi)容為“不該做某事而做了”。shouldnt have done本來(lái)不該做某事卻做了；neednt have done本來(lái)不必做某事卻做了；couldnt have done為否定推測(cè)，表示“不可能做過(guò)某事”。（9）(2009上海高考) it have been

12、 tom that parked the car here，as he is the only one with a car.a.mayb.canc.mustd.should答案： c 本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)的用法。由“因?yàn)樗俏ㄒ挥熊嚨娜恕笨芍?，這是一個(gè)非常肯定的推測(cè)，故用must。a項(xiàng)是并非十分肯定的推測(cè);can have done不能用在肯定句中，所以b項(xiàng)也不對(duì);而should have done是“本應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際未做”，不合題意。（10）(2009江蘇高考)he did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it diffe

13、rently.a.could expressb.would expressc.could have expressedd.must have expressed答案：c 句意:他并沒(méi)有遺憾說(shuō)了他所做的事情，但是他覺(jué)得他本來(lái)可以表達(dá)得有所不同。因?yàn)槭菍?duì)過(guò)去的情況進(jìn)行的一種虛擬，所以用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)”這個(gè)形式來(lái)表示。（11）(2008江蘇高考)im sorry.i at you the other day.forget it.i was a bit out of control myself.a.shouldnt shoutb.shouldnt have shouted c.mustnt sh

14、outd.mustnt have shouted答案：b 本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：“對(duì)不起，幾天前我本不應(yīng)該朝你大喊大叫的。”“不要記在心上。我自己有點(diǎn)情緒失控?！眘houldnt have done本不應(yīng)該做某事（但已經(jīng)做了）。（12）(2008山東高考)thank you for all your hard work last week.i dont think we it without you.a.can manageb.could have managedc.could managed.can have managed答案：b 本題考查“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”結(jié)構(gòu)，co

15、uld have done表示“本能夠做某事（但沒(méi)做）”。（13）(2007陜西高考)i told your friend how to get to the hotel,but perhaps i have driven her there.a.couldb.mustc.mightd.should答案：d 本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。could have done“（過(guò)去）可能做過(guò)；本能夠做”；must have done “（過(guò)去）肯定做過(guò)”；might have done “（過(guò)去）可能做過(guò)”；should have done “本應(yīng)該做（而事實(shí)上沒(méi)做）”。由句意“我告訴你朋友該怎么去旅館，但或許

16、我應(yīng)該開(kāi)車送她去那兒?！笨芍獞?yīng)選should。（14）(2007江西高考)where is my dictionary? i remember i put it here yesterday.you it in the wrong place. a.must putb.should have putc.might putd.might have put答案：d 本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法。由yesterday可知a、c兩項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；should “應(yīng)該，理應(yīng)”；might “或許，可能”，顯然d項(xiàng)正確。（15）(2007安徽高考)the teacher have thought johnson

17、was worth it or she wouldnt have wasted time on him,i suppose.a.shouldb.canc.wouldd.must答案：d 本題考查“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)態(tài)”的用法。must have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去所做事情的肯定推測(cè)，表示“一定”。（16）(2007浙江高考)my cats really fat.you have given her so much food.a.wouldntb. couldntc.shouldntd.mustnt答案：c 本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：“我的貓真胖?！薄澳惚静粦?yīng)該給她那么多食物?！眘houldnt h

18、ave done本不應(yīng)該做某事（暗含做了）。（17）(2007福建高考)my mp4 player isnt in my bag.where i have put it?a.canb.mustc.shouldd.would答案：a 本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。由句意“我的mp4不在我包里。我可能把它放哪兒了？”可知應(yīng)選a。can have done“過(guò)去可能做過(guò)”。而must have done“過(guò)去肯定做過(guò)”，只能用于肯定陳述句中；should have done“本應(yīng)該做過(guò)（而事實(shí)上沒(méi)做）”；would have done只能用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣。（18）(2007江蘇高考)she looks very happy.she have passed the exam.i guess so.its not difficult after all.a.shouldb.couldc.mustd.might答案：c 本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)的用法。must have passed the exam“肯定是通過(guò)考試了”，