解讀丁香的種子繁殖與嫁接繁殖

1、解讀丁香的種子繁殖與嫁接繁殖In terpretati on of clove seed breed ingand graft ing propagati on丁香為丁香花的簡稱，又名紫丁香、百結(jié)花等，為木樨科香花屬落葉灌木或小喬木。植株高45m,樹皮暗灰色或灰褐色，有溝裂,枝條潤滑無毛。葉卵圓形或腎臟形，先端銳尖，葉基心臟形，全緣,革質(zhì)。初春開花,花單瓣或重瓣，開于前年小枝上，頂生或腋生，花端四裂，筒狀,呈圓錐花序，瓣柔色紫，幽香襲人,為我國著名園林花卉。丁香花花期45月,910月蒴果成熟。紫丁香喜光，稍耐陰,蔭地能生長，但花量少或無花；耐寒性較強；耐干旱，忌低溫；喜潮濕、肥美、排水良好的土

2、壤。可播種、扦插、嫁接、壓條、分株繁衍。Clove is short for lilac, also known as lilacs, hun dredsof flowers,etc., for clover robinia genus deciduous shrubs orsmall trees.Plant 4 5 mtall, bark dark gray or beige, grooved,lubricati onbranches glabrous. Lobes ovoid or kidney form, apexsharp tip,leaf base shape heart,entir

3、e,leathery. Earlyspring flowering,a single or double, flower sprigs on the sameas the year before, or the altar, four flower end crack, tubular,a panicle, disc and soft colors purple, fragrantattacks, forour country the famous garde n flowers. Lilacs bloom 4 5 mon th,http:/www ./ http:/www

4、./ http:/www ./ /9 10 mon th cap sule to mature. Resista nee to lilac like light, a little dark, the shadowcan grow, but spend less or no flowers;Strong cold tolera nee; Resista nee to drought, avoid is cold;Hi moist, fertile and well drained soil. Canbe seed

5、ing, cutting, graftin g, layeri ng, points stra ins breedi ng.9-10月份,蒴果由綠色變?yōu)辄S褐色，為種子成熟標志，應(yīng)立刻連同果枝剪下，以防種子流失。從小枝上采集果穗后及時放入通風(fēng)枯燥的 室內(nèi)陰干，不宜曝曬，以免種子強度失水而喪失生命力。在室內(nèi)堆放厚 度45cm,并經(jīng)常翻動使其漸漸陰干，待有2/3蒴果開裂時，即可用柳 條或其他木棒抽打脫粒，除去毗籽即得凈籽。用清水浸泡種子，每5d 換1次水,1個月后撈出用0.03%的高錳酸鉀消毒2h,然后停止催芽（可 常溫也可加溫），但要經(jīng)常翻動。選擇土質(zhì)疏松肥美的砂質(zhì)土壤、 排水 良好、較枯燥的地塊

6、，做生長10m寬1.5m、高1520cm的高床，底肥施碳銨150225kg/hm2、腐熟有機肥3045t/hm2,并用硫酸亞鐵 150kg/hm2或退菌特150225 kg/hm2停止土壤消毒。秋季播種，秋播種子不用處置，采種后即在10月下旬播種，播幅寬8cm,行距寬20cm, 溝深23cm,覆土厚度2.02.5cm,播后秋灌，以利保墑。翌年春發(fā)芽早, 出苗也劃一。春季播種,處置過的種子經(jīng)過催芽有30%種子裂嘴露白,4 月下旬開端播種，技術(shù)同秋播。實驗標明，春播比秋播效果好，固然出 苗遲，但出苗劃一，出苗率較高，而且生長略高。September - October, capsule from

7、green into brown, as the seed mature symbol, should immediately along with the bra nch cut, to prevent loss of seeds. From small branches after gatheri ng grain timely p ut in ven tilated dry room in order, unfav orable and in solate, avoid seed inten sity of water loss and loss of vitality. Stack i

8、ng thick ness of 4 5 cm in doors,and often turn to them gradually, for two-thirdscapsule ruptures, you can use the wicker or other stick beat threshing, apart from which the seeds for a quick net seed. Soaki ng seed with pure water, every 5 d in one water, one month after theremove to disinfectwith

9、0.03% potassium permanganate in 2 h,and the n stop accelerat ing germ in ati on(also can be warmed to room temperature), but will often turn. Choose loose soil fertile sandy soil, good drain age and relatively dull pl ot, growth of 10 mhigh, 1.5 mwide, 15 20 cmhigh bed, fertilizers app lied p roducy

10、io n of 150 225 kg/hm2, 30 45 t/hm2, rotten organic fertilizer using ferrous sulfate 150 kg/hm2 or refund bacteria, 150 225 kg/hm2 sto p soil dis in fecti on. Need not dis posal of autu mn sow ing seeds, vegetable seeds, seed after sowing in late October, width of furrows for sowing 8 cm wide, lead

11、ing 20 cm wide, groove dee p 2 3 cm, thick ness 2.0 2.5 cm, soil after seedi ng QiuGua n, kee p moisture. The followi ngsp ri ngsprout early emerge nee also draw. Spring sow ing, disposal of 30%after sprouting seed crack mouth thief, in lateApril startsow ing seeds, tech no logy with autu mn sow ing

12、.Exp erime nts in dicate thatspring tha nautu mn sow ing effect isgood, is late emerge nee, but the app licati onof uniform, high germ in atio n rate, and slightly higher growth.可用嫩枝扦插和硬枝扦插。丁香的硬枝扦插是取一至二年生強健 枝條作插穗，直接插入溫床，使其生根發(fā)芽而構(gòu)成新的植物體。通常是 春季花謝后1個月剪取頂枝停止扦插，插穗的長度為1015cm帶有23對芽節(jié)，其中1對芽節(jié)埋入土中，在25C條件下,3040d

13、生根，當(dāng)幼根由白變?yōu)辄S褐色時開端移苗栽植五角楓。嫩枝扦插在78月停止, 選當(dāng)年生的粗壯枝條，剪成15cm左右長的插條，插入事前準備好的苗 床內(nèi),并恰當(dāng)遮蔭，堅持潮濕,50d左右生根。若插前用500 ag/g的吲哚丁酸快速處置插穗，可使扦插生根率達80%以上。扦插成活后，第2年春季移植。Available twig cuttage and hard branch cuttage. Cloves hardbranch cuttage is take a cuttings to biennialbranches strong,directly insertedinto the hotbed, the

14、 root of the new plant.Usually 1 mon ths after sp ri ng flowers die sheari ng telome stop cutt ing, the cutt ing len gth of 10 15 cm, with 2 3 secti onof bud, bud section 1 in case of buried in the grave, under the con diti on of 25 C, 30 40 d to take root, beg inning whe nyoungwhite to tan main bed

15、 out plant. Twig cuttingsin July Augustadhere tostop, choose the thick branches, cut 15 cmlong cutting, insert the preparation good seedbed, and appropriate shade,the damp, about 50 d take root. If the plug before use mu g /500 g of in dole butyric acid fastdis posal cutt ings,can makecutt ingsthe c

16、uttings rooting rate above 80%. Spring transplantsurvival, after 2 years.嫁接可用芽接或枝接。芽接法：芽接可于78月停止,枝接則在早春萌動行進行為好。嫁接所用砧木普通為女貞、水蠟、流蘇、丁香等。女貞砧木萌芽容易，應(yīng)隨時剪除，否則數(shù)年后仍為女貞而非丁香。接穗要選用當(dāng)年生強健枝條上的豐滿葉芽，砧木選用一至二年生丁香實生苗。嫁接時，接穗上的葉片要剪掉，只留葉柄，然后在芽的上方1cm處橫切1 刀,再從芽的下方1.01.5cm處向上平削，將皮層內(nèi)的木質(zhì)部剝掉。把砧木距空中5cm至10cm處橫切1刀,再從切口中間向下切長3cm左右的立

17、刀，使之呈“T”字形土工格柵廠家，然后悄悄地把皮剝開，將接穗插入“T”字口內(nèi),接穗與砧木要嚴密對合，最后用塑料薄膜條捆綁即可。芽接后23周，假如接穗上的葉柄自然零落，闡明芽已成活，這時可解除塑料條。Graftingcan use bud graftingor scion grafting. Bud graft ing method, graft ing can be in August 7 to stop, sci on grafting has lost his good con duct marchi ng in the early spring.Used in general for t

18、he root privet, water wax, tassels, clove and so on. Privet sci on bud easily, should be cut off at any time, or after a few years is still the p rivet in stead of cloves.Scion should choose was born a strong branches fullleaf bud,root stock selecti on tobie nnial clove thewest. Grafti ng,grafting o

19、n the blade to cut, petiole,only then 1 cm above the buds of cross-cutt ing knife, 1 from bud aga in below the 1.0 1.5 cm p lace planed up wards, the xylem p eeled off within thecortex. Root stock from air 5 cmto 10 cmin cross-cuttingknife, 1 from middle in cisi on to the vertical knife in cised abo

20、ut 3 cm long, makeit a T glyph, then quietly put skin peeled off, in sert a sci on, T word mouths sci on and rootstock shouldclosely invo luti on, fin ally 3 weeks aftergrafting,BoMoTiao bound with plastic. If 2grafting on petiolenature isshattered and clarify bud issurvival,the n can remove p lasti

21、carticle.枝接法：普通在早春萌動行進行，接穗長度為810cm,帶2對芽節(jié),將接穗下部兩邊削成斜面。砧木選用一至二年生丁香實生苗 ，在離空中510cm處切掉頂部，再從砧木的斷面上垂直向下劈開 1條縫,然后將接穗插入。接穗的斜面與砧木要嚴密吻合，用塑料條捆綁好。為避免嫁接刀口處失水過多，可用潮濕的土埋上，待接穗上的芽萌動后，去 掉掩蓋的土。也可秋、冬季采條,經(jīng)露地埋藏于翌春枝接，接穗當(dāng)年可 長至5080cm第2年萌動前需將枝干離空中3040cm處短截，促其萌 生側(cè)枝。靠接法：將丁香接穗與砧木，各削1個相同大小的接口，將兩者嚴密地捆綁在一同。當(dāng)?shù)犊诋a(chǎn)生愈傷組織后秸稈打包機，將砧木從接口上方1

22、cm處將頂枝剪掉，將接穗從接口下方1cm處剪斷,使之成為 一個新的植物體。Scion grafting method: ordinarystirringin the earlyspring line,scion length is 8 10 cm, with 2 to bud section, lower part of the scion cutting bevel on both sides. Root stock chooses one to bie nnial clove west, away from the air cut off the top 5 10 cm, and the n on the cross secti on of vertical dow nward from the stock sp lit 1 the seam, and the n insert the scion. Cant to closely matc