解讀金屬材料表面工程的應用與發(fā)展

1、解讀金屬材料表面工程的應用與發(fā)展The developme nt and applicati on ofsurface engin eeri ng of metal materials外表工程學是一門觸及資料科學、冶金技能、機械工程等很多范疇的歸納學科，包含外表科學理論、外表工程技能、外表工程技能設計、外表剖析與檢測技能、外表質量與技能進程操控工程、外表工程辦理與經濟剖析等幾個方面。其間外表工程技能是和出產實踐聯絡最為親近的，一起也代表著出產技能水平的高低?？茖W技能的開展和前進對出產設備與儀器提出了更高的需要，雜亂多變的工況檢測著資料功能的好壞，必須在確保經濟性前提下，歸納運用各種高新技能進步

2、和改進金屬資料功能。Surface engin eeri ng is a disci pline in formatio n scie neetouch induction,metallurgy,mechanical engineering skills inman yareas,includingthe appearanee of scientifictheory, theapp eara neeofengin eeri ngskills,app eara needesig n,engin eeri ngskillsapp eara neean alysisand detecti ontec

3、h no logy,the surface quality and skills of projectman ageme nt,p rocess con trol engin eeri ng app eara nee andecono mic an alysis etc. The app eara nee of engin eeri ng skillsand p roducti onp ractice of the most in timate con tact, alsorepr ese nts the level of p roducti on tech no logy. The deve

4、l opmentof scie nee and tech no logyand the p rogress on p roducti onhttp:/www ./ / http:/www ./ http:/www ./equipment and in strume nt raised taller requireme nt, complexworking conditiondetection of a function is good or bad, mus

5、t en sure that the economy un der the p remise, summed up using a variety of high-tech progress and improvement of metal materials fun cti on.外表工程技能是運用科技手法對資料外表進行處置，通過改動資 料外表和亞外表的成分、微觀安排布局以此來改進和進步其功能, 滿意運用需要。金屬零件在運用進程中的損壞往往是從外表開端的, 或因觸摸介質的化學腐蝕，或高溫環(huán)境的氧化和熔化，或沖突工況及 磨料介質中的磨損，或雜亂受力下的曲折、改變、拉壓或剪切。因而, 強化外表成

6、為反抗此類損壞的第一道防地。這些年，外表改性處置、 外表涂鍍V層技能和堆焊外表改性技能因其不一樣的優(yōu)點在外表工 程技能范疇迅速開展。Theappearanee of engineeringskills is the use of scie ntific methods to dis pose of the material surface, by cha nging material surface and app eara nee compo siti on, micro layout to improve and progress of its function, meet the nee

7、d.Metal p arts damaged in use p rocess is ofte n from the beg inning of appearanee, or because of chemical corrosion touch medium,oxidationand melting or high temperature environment,orconflictconditions and abrasive mediumwear, or clutter under the force of the twists and turns, cha nge, tension or

8、 shear.Therefore, stre ngthe ning the app eara nee to become the first defense line against such damage. These years, surfacemodificatio n, surface coati ng and dis posal skill and weldi ngsurface modificati on skillsbecause of their differe ntadvantages in the appearaneeof the rapid development ofE

9、ngin eeri ng skills.外表改性技能包含以噴丸強化、輥壓強化為代表的外表強化技能，以各種氧化、鈍化成膜的化學轉化膜技能，化學氣相堆積技能（CVD與等離子束、激光束等高能束的外表處置技能。外表改性技能是憑借外在介質改進資料的外表功能，不對原資料增加任何化學元 素，改性后的資料外表不存在化學元素的增減，僅僅成分的份額和安 排布局發(fā)生變化。因而，該技能相對于涂鍍（層）技能和堆焊外表改 性技能要技能簡略，只需操控好進程參數即可。不一樣的工況環(huán)境對 資料的需要也不一樣，應根據詳細的實踐需要挑選處置技能。Surfacemodificati onskills in clude rolli n

10、gstre ngthe ning shot peening, rep rese nted by the app eara nee of stre ngthe ning skill, chemical oxidati on, p assivati on film conversion film skill, chemical vapor dep ositi on (CVD) tech nique and surface treatme nt tech no logy of p lasma beam, laser beama nd high beam.Surface modificati on w

11、ith external medium skill is imp rovi ng app eara nee, not add any chemical raw materials, the modified material surface does not exist or chemical eleme nts, onlycomponents share and layout changes.Therefore, the skillsrelative to the coati ng(layer) skills andweldi ng surfacemodificatio n skills a

12、re skills sim pie, on ly n eed to con trol p rocess p arameters. Need not the samec on diti ons of in formati onis not the same, should be based on the detailed practicalneed to select man ageme nt skills.化學轉化膜技能，該技能通過近些年的開展現已完成了不僅在金 屬資料外表成膜，并且可在陶瓷等非金屬外表成膜，膜的厚度也在向 著更優(yōu)更薄的方向開展。如各種碳化鈦超導陶瓷薄膜系多晶或外延單 晶薄膜、

13、抗高溫大功率的半導體用金剛石薄膜以及各種光電子薄膜和 集成光學薄膜。鋁及其合金的外表改性技能大多選用的是外表成膜技 能，在外表構成耐磨、耐蝕、多孔、太陽能熱水工程聯系性強的高功 能薄膜。當前鋁合金外表的改性技能主要有：電化學氧化法、化學轉 化法、微弧氧化技能、等離子寫入外表改性、冷噴涂技能、稀土轉化 膜和激光處置等。高能束外表改性技能，鍋爐輔機高能束外表改性技 能是運用咼能束熱源，增加或不加化學兀素，對資料外表及亞外表進 行重熔或熔覆處置。Chemical conversion film skill, the skill through in recent years development

14、has been done not only in the metal material surface film, and film on ceramic non-metallic surface, the thickness of the film is also carried out in more and more thindirecti on.Such as all kinds of tita nium carbide ceramicsupercon duct ingthi n film is p olycrystalli neor ep itaxialsin gle crysta

15、l films,resista nee to hightemp erature and highpo wer semic on ductor diam ond film and a variety of electro nicthin films and integratedopticalthin film.Aluminum anditsalloy surfacemodificationtechniques mostly used istheapp eara nee of film comp ositi on skills, high fun cti onal filmwear and cor

16、rosi onresista nee,por ous,with stronginappearanee. Skills change the aluminum alloy surface mainiyhas:the electrochemical oxidati on, chemicaltra nsformatio n,micro-arc oxidatio n, p lasma surface modificati on of writi ngskills, cold spraying skills, rare earth conversion coating andlasertreatment.High ene