2022高考英語統(tǒng)考一輪復(fù)習(xí)第二章冠詞參考課件新人教版

1、第二章冠詞 一、概念及分類 1. 冠詞名詞/名詞詞組 二、不定冠詞的用法 1. 不定冠詞有a 和an 兩種形式。 當(dāng)冠詞后的名詞的讀音是以輔音音素(注意：不是輔音字母)開頭時(shí)用 a, 如：a university, a useful animal, a oneeyed dog, a European car； 當(dāng)冠詞后面的名詞的讀音是以元音音素(注意：不是元音字母)開頭時(shí) 用an, 如an hour, an honest boy, an Xray, an ugly man, an honor 等。 2. 用在可數(shù)名詞前表示“一個(gè)”，相當(dāng)于“one”(類指)。 There is a book o

2、n the desk. Ill return in a day or two. 3. 用在專有名詞前， 表示“某一個(gè)”相當(dāng)于“a certain”。 A Mr. White is waiting for you downstairs. 4. 著名畫家或藝術(shù)家的姓名前用a, 表示“一件的作品”， 相當(dāng)于 漢語中借代的修辭手法。 He bought a Van Gogh. 5. 表示“一類”相當(dāng)于“any”(泛指)。 A horse is a useful animal. 6. 表示“每一”相當(dāng)于“per”。 The doctor asked me to take the medicine thr

3、ee times a day. The envelopes are one yuan and twenty fen a dozen. 7. 用在抽象名詞前， 表具體的介紹： a 抽象名詞， 即抽象名詞具體 化。 This little girl is a joy to her parents. It is a pleasure to talk with you. She was a famous beauty in her youth. Her husband was a great comfort to her when she was ill. Her singing is a delig

4、ht. 三、定冠詞的用法 the是唯一的定冠詞， 表示特指，有時(shí)相當(dāng)于“this/that/these/those”。 1. 表示文中再次提到的人或物。 There is a book on the desk. The book is an English book. 2. 用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示類別。 The horse is a useful animal. 3. 表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的東西。 the sun, the earth, the capital, the sky, the universe 4. 用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國家、黨派等專有名詞前以及江、河、湖、海、 山川、群島的名詞前。

5、 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the Yellow River, the Rocky Mountains, the Philippines, the Pacific Ocean, the China of 1840, the Paris of the east, the late Mr. Brown 5. 用在序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級前。 the second story, the largest room, the third longest river 6. 用在形容詞或分詞前表示一類人。 the poor/rich/dyi

6、ng/young/living/wounded 7. 用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式前， 表示全家人或夫婦二人。 The Smiths are sitting at the breakfast table. 8. 表示彈奏西洋樂器時(shí)， 用在西洋樂器名詞前。 Do you like to play the piano or the violin? 9. 用在在表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前。 The compass was invented in China four thousand years ago. 10. 用在年代前。 In the 1870s/1870s, when Marx was already in

7、 his fifties 11. “the序數(shù)詞”表排序，表示“第幾”。 She is the second student to get to school. “a/an序數(shù)詞”不表示排序， 通常表示“又一、再一”。 Can you give me a second chance, please? (another chance) 四、零冠詞的用法 零冠詞就是不填冠詞的情況， 以下情形常不用冠詞。 1. 專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、人名、地名等名詞前。 China, America, John Failure is the mother of success. 2. 季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日

8、、一日三餐名稱前。 spring, summer, autumn/fall, winter, Sunday, October, National Day, breakfast, lunch, supper 3. 稱呼語， 表示頭銜的名詞作表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語及同位語時(shí)。 Whats this, Mother? George W. Bush is president of the USA. 4. 學(xué)科名詞， 球類、棋類名詞前。 Do you study mathematics? He likes playing football/chess. 5. 泛指復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞前。 Computers

9、are widely used in our daily life. 6. 在與by連用的交通工具名稱前。 by car(bus, train, water, air, land) 7. as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中， 作表語的名詞不帶冠詞。 Child as she is, she knows a lot of French. 8. 系動詞turn(作“變成”解)后作表語的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前習(xí)慣不用冠詞。 The young girl has turned writer. The young girl has become a writer. 9. 在單數(shù)名詞 after 同一單數(shù)名詞(表示“一個(gè)接

10、一個(gè)”)結(jié)構(gòu)中， 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不加冠詞。 She did experiment after experiment. shop after shop, mistake after mistake 五、有無冠詞的區(qū)別 以下詞組， 有無冠詞， 意義大不相同 經(jīng)典例題 1. The biggest whale is _ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters longthe height of _ 9story building. the a 【解析】 考查冠詞。句意：最大的鯨魚是藍(lán)鯨，可以長到大約29米長 其高度相當(dāng)于一座9層樓的高度。前一空格處

11、是“the單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞” 表類指，后一個(gè)空格處是泛指。 2. People develop _ preference for a particular style of learning at _ early age and these preferences affect learning. 【解析】 考查冠詞。第一空，a preference表示“一種偏好”，用不定冠 詞a表泛指；第二空，at an early age是固定詞組，意為“在很小的時(shí)候”。 a an 3. _ more learned a man is, _ more modest he usually becomes. 【解

12、析】 考查冠詞。句意：一個(gè)人越博學(xué)，他通常會變得越謙遜。根據(jù) 句子結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷，此句使用了“The形容詞/副詞比較級the形容詞 /副詞比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“越，越”。 The the 4. The Smiths dont usually like staying at _ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _ sea. 【解析】 考查冠詞。句意：史密斯夫婦通常不喜歡住旅館，但去年夏天 他們在海邊的一個(gè)很舒適的旅館住了幾天。第一空，hotels是復(fù)數(shù)名詞， 表泛指，其前不用冠詞；第二空，by

13、 the sea意為“在海邊”。 / the 5. I cant tell you _ way to the Wilsons because we dont have _ Wilson here in the village. 【解析】 考查冠詞。第一空應(yīng)該用定冠詞，the way to可以視為一個(gè)固定 搭配，意為“去的路”；第二空前加不定冠詞a，人名前加不定冠詞 表示“一個(gè)叫的人”。 the a 6. The “Chinese Dream” is _ dream to improve peoples wellbeing and _ dream of harmony, peace and de

14、velopment. 【解析】 考查冠詞。句意：“中國夢”是一個(gè)改善民生的夢想，一個(gè)(追 求)和諧、和平與發(fā)展的夢想。題干中的兩個(gè)空都表示泛指，故均用不定 冠詞。 a a 用正確的冠詞填空。 1. Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _ while. 2. I cant tell you _ way to the Wilsons because we dont have _ Wilson in the village. 3. He is _ little Bill Gates. 4. Peter Fox, who is

15、 _ electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. 5. The picture looks beautiful at _ distance. 6. It is _ honor for me to attend the meeting. a a the a a an an 7. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself _ number of questions. 8.

16、I like to look at _ moon, especially _ bright moon in the evening. 9. _ Arctic Ocean is the smallest ocean. 10. In the beginning, there was only _ very small amount of unfairness in the world. 11. Now, years later, this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. a the a Th

17、e a the 12. _ village where I was born has grown into _ town. 13. The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed, _ other is with mom. 14. It was probably the fact that she sat in _ last row. 15. Mr Smith, there is a man at _ front door who says he

18、has _ important news for you. / Thea the the the 用正確的冠詞填空。 1. Life is like _ ocean; only the strongwilled can reach the other shore. 2. Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be _ Beethoven. 3. I just heard _ bank where Dora works was robbed by a gunman wearing a mask. 4. Experts thi

19、nk that _ recently discovered painting may be _ Picasso. an a the the a 5. Hearing _ news, he went home in _ hurry. 6. I went to _ countryside with my father to visit grandparents. 7. In 1931, Addams became _ first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. 8. _ prize for the winner of the competition is a twoweek holiday in Paris. 9. Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and chi