2000-2012年考研英語(yǔ)詞匯

1、 2000-2012考研英語(yǔ)詞匯第一部分 考研英語(yǔ)核心詞匯記單詞時(shí)不要采用從AZ的順序，而是要靈活搭配，比如A和J， B和O，C和N，D和L等，這樣記起來(lái)既不覺(jué)得累又有成就感。一定記住老師的建議：每天晚上看1-2頁(yè)，把自己已經(jīng)記住的暫時(shí)劃出來(lái)，第二天早上無(wú)論多忙都要把前一天晚上看過(guò)的單詞復(fù)習(xí)一遍，然后再分別過(guò)3天、7天、15天、30天各復(fù)習(xí)一遍，堅(jiān)持下來(lái)，到考前一周看最后一遍時(shí)，你會(huì)覺(jué)得大部分單詞都已經(jīng)很熟悉了。另外，務(wù)必要把自己做過(guò)的歷年真題或模擬題中的詞匯題集中整理起來(lái)，這樣的對(duì)比記憶特別有助于我們對(duì)近義近形詞匯的辨析。這樣堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)，雙管齊下，一定會(huì)n取得良好學(xué)習(xí)效果！abide 遵循（b

2、y）；容忍 The one thig she cannot abide is lying.abnormal 反常的 abnormal behaviorabolish 徹底廢除（法律、制度、習(xí)俗等）abolish old customabrupt 突然的，意外的 an abrupt departureabsolute 純粹的，完全的 have absolute trust in sb.absorb 吸收，吸進(jìn) A sponge absorbs water.abstract 抽象的 A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract.absur

3、d 荒謬的，荒唐的 The idea that number 14 brings bad luck is absurd.abuse 濫用 abuse ones authority(office) aaccelerate 加速，增速 accelerate ones stepsaccess 接近（或進(jìn)入）的機(jī)會(huì) have regular and immediate access to the Presidentaccommodate 使適應(yīng)，使符合一致 accommodate oneself to changed circumstancesaccompany 陪伴，伴隨 She was accom

4、panied to a dinner by her friend.accomplish 達(dá)到（目的），完成（任務(wù)），實(shí)現(xiàn)（計(jì)劃，諾言等） accomplish ones purposeaccord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words.account 記述，敘述 give a brief account of what has happened accumulate 積累，積攢，積聚 accumulate wisdomaccurate 準(zhǔn)確的，精確的 an accurate estimate

5、accuse 指控，指責(zé) They accused her publicly of stealing their books.accustom 使習(xí)慣于 accustom oneself to rising (to rise) earlyacquaint 使認(rèn)識(shí)，使了解 activate 使活動(dòng)起來(lái)，使開始起作用，啟動(dòng) They have planted secret agents in many countries who could be activated whenever needed. acute 尖銳的，敏銳的 an acute thinker adapt （使）適應(yīng) adapt

6、oneself to new conditionsaddress 演說(shuō) a television address adhere 黏附，附著 Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another.adjacent 臨近的，毗鄰的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbs adjoin 貼近，與.毗鄰 His house adjoins the lake.administrate 掌管，料理.的事務(wù) In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated by the w

7、ife.adolescent （尤指16歲以下的）青少年 a film aimed at adolescentsadvance 使向前移動(dòng) advance a chessmanadvantage 有利條件，優(yōu)點(diǎn) Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking another term.adverse 不友好的，敵對(duì)的 She felt adverse to her husbands friends.advocate 擁護(hù)，提倡，主張 advocate self-defenceaesthetic 美學(xué)的，藝術(shù)的，審美 an aes

8、thetic theoryaffliliate 使隸屬（或附屬）于，使成為會(huì)員 a government affiliated companyaffirm 斷言，申明 affirm the truth of a statementaggravate 加重，加劇，惡化 aggravate the declining economyaggressive 侵犯的，侵略的 an aggressive weaponagitate 攪動(dòng)（液體等） The machine agitated the mixture.alarm 驚恐，憂慮 The bandits scattered in alarm.aler

9、t 警惕的，留神的 In our reading we should always be alert for new usages.alien 外國(guó)的 adjust to an alien cultureallege 斷言，宣稱 The newspaper alleges the mayors guilt.allocate 分配，分派，把.撥給 allocate funds for new projectsallied 結(jié)盟的，有關(guān)聯(lián)的 allied nationsallow 允給，準(zhǔn)許，允許 He missed her more than he would allow himself to

10、admit.allowance 津貼，補(bǔ)貼，零用錢 a housing allowancealter 改變，更改 alter an attitude alternate 交替，輪流 Night and day alternate.amateur （藝術(shù)，科學(xué)等的）業(yè)余愛好者 an amateur golferamaze 使驚愕，使驚異 I am amazed that he should get the post.ambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱兩可的 an ambiguous answerambition （對(duì)名利等的）強(qiáng)烈欲望，野心 His political ambitions st

11、ill burn.amend 修改，修訂 amend the spelling in sb.s paperamuse 逗樂(lè)，逗笑，給.提供娛樂(lè)（或消遣） The clown at the circus amused the children.anchor 錨 The anchor catches (drags).announce 宣布，聲稱 It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection.annoy 使惱怒，使生氣 She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude.a

12、nnual 每年的，年度的 the annual output of steelanonymous 匿名的，無(wú)名的 an anonymous letter (phone call)answer 回答，響應(yīng) Henry took ages to answer the door.anticipate 預(yù)期，預(yù)料 The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall).anxious 焦慮的，發(fā)愁的(about, at) They become anxious at her delay.apart 成零碎 Such ch

13、eap clothes come apart after a few washings.apparent 顯然的，明明白白的 It was apparent that they all understood.appeal 呼吁，懇求 I appealed to the children to make less noise.applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好 The audience applauds the performers for three minutes.apply 涂，敷 He applied two coats of paint to the table.appoint 任命，委

14、派 They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster.appraise 估量，估計(jì) appraise the infants weightappreciate 感激 I appreciated your help much.apprehend 對(duì).擔(dān)心 Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty?approach 靠近，接近 John is approaching manhood.appropriate 恰當(dāng)?shù)?，相稱的 Plain, simple clothes are appropria

15、te for school wear.approve 贊成，同意 I couldnt approve his conduct.approximate 大概的，大約的，近似的 The approximate time is 10 oclock.apt （習(xí)性）易于.的，有.傾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes.arbitrary 隨心所欲的，個(gè)人武斷的，任意的 an arbitrary choice arise 起立，起身 arise from ones seatarouse 使.奮發(fā) A man like Tom will be arous

16、ed. Dont worry.array 排列，隊(duì)形 The troops were formed in battle array.articulate 發(fā)音清晰的，善于表達(dá)的 He is articulate about everything in the field of economics.artificial 人工的，人造的，人為的 artificial price controlsascend 登高，（漸漸）上升，升高 The airplane ascended into the cloud.ascertain 查明，弄清，確定 I ascertained that he was d

17、ead.ashamed 慚愧的，羞恥的 I am ashamed for being so stupid.ashore 向岸，向陸地 He swam ashore.aside 在旁邊 We stood aside to let her pass.assault 攻擊，襲擊 We made an assault on the enemy fort.assemble 集合，召集 assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting.assert 肯定地說(shuō)（出），堅(jiān)定地?cái)嘌?He asserted his innocence.assess

18、估價(jià)，評(píng)價(jià)，評(píng)論 assess the present state of the economyassign 分配，布置（作業(yè)） The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson.assimilate 吸收，消化 He is quick to assimilate new ideas.associate （使）聯(lián)系，（使）結(jié)合 We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution.assume 假定，假設(shè) Farmers will have a bumper harvest

19、, assuming (that) the weather si favarable.assure 深信不疑地對(duì).說(shuō)，向.保證assurance 保證，把握，信心 He gave me his assurance that he would help.astonish 使驚訝 I was astonished at his sudden appearance.attach 系，貼，連接 attach a label to a suitcaseattain 達(dá)到，獲得 attain ones goalattend 出席，參加（會(huì)議等） attend a weddingattendance 出席，

20、參加，出席人數(shù)，出席率 Our class has perfect attendance today.attentive 注意的，專心的 an attentive audienceattribute 把歸因于，把.（過(guò)錯(cuò)的責(zé)任等）歸于(to) He attributed his success to hard work.auxiliary 輔助的 an auxiliary rocketavail 有利于，有助于 Will force alone avail us?average 平均數(shù)，平均 The paper receives an average of nearly 100 article

21、s a day.avert 擋開，防止，避免 Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.awake 醒，覺(jué)醒 awake from sleepaward 授予（獎(jiǎng)品等） The university awarded him an honorary degree.ban （以官方明令）禁止，取締 He was banned from entering the city.bang （突發(fā)的） sudden loud bangbar 條，塊，桿，棒 a bar of goldbare 赤裸的，光禿的，空無(wú)內(nèi)容的 walk in bare fe

22、etbeforehand 預(yù)先，事先 If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand.behave 舉止端正，聽話Do behave.bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂 Im bewildered as to which one to buy.bias 偏見，偏心 have a bias against sb.(或sth.)blame 責(zé)備，責(zé)怪 Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray.blast 一陣（風(fēng)），一股（氣流） a blast

23、 of windblaze 火焰 The fire sprang into a blaze.blunt 鈍的 The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive.blush （因害羞、激動(dòng)、窘困）臉紅 blush with(或for) joyboast 自吹自擂，自夸的話 He is full of boasts.bolt 螺栓，（門，窗的）插銷 a small bag of nuts and boltsboom 低沉有回響的聲音 The great bell tolled with a deep boom.border 邊界，邊境，邊沿

24、a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailandbore 鉆孔，挖（通道） bore through a wallbounce 彈起，反彈 The ball doesnt bounce well.bound 跳躍，彈回 She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly.boycott （聯(lián)合起來(lái)）抑制，拒絕參加 boycott uncooperative manufacturesbrace 托架，支架 He braced his muscles a

25、nd lifted the weight.breed （使）繁殖 Rabbits breed families rapidly.bribe 賄賂 accept(或take)a bribe from sb.brief 短暫的，簡(jiǎn)短的，簡(jiǎn)潔的 a brief holidaybrisk 輕快的，生氣勃勃的 a brisk pacebrittle 易碎的，一碰就破的 brittle glassbrush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brushbump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.burst 爆炸，

26、爆裂 The boiler burst.calculate 計(jì)算，推算 calculate the distance between New York and Chicagocall 喊，叫 Please call the names of all the people who are present.cancel 取消，廢除，刪去 cancel a tripcapture 俘虜，捕獲 capture butterfliescase 事例，事實(shí)，事情 This is a case of poor judgment.cast 投，扔，拋，撒，擲 cast doubt(s) on the feas

27、ibility of a schemecasual 偶然的，無(wú)計(jì)劃的，隨便的，非正式的 a casual meetingcease 停止，終止，結(jié)束 The music ceased suddenly.certify 證明，證實(shí) The accounts were certified (as) correct.challenge 向.挑戰(zhàn) Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match.character （事物的）性質(zhì)，特質(zhì) The furniture in Toms apartment was preten

28、tious and without character.charge 要（價(jià)），收（費(fèi)） The airlines charge half price for students.charm 魅力，魔力 This thriving resort town has retained its village charm.chase 追逐，追求 The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last.check 使突然停止，制止 check ones stepscherish 珍愛，珍視 cherish ones native landc

29、hew 嚼，咀嚼 He chewed a mouthful of meat.choke 窒息，噎住 be choked by smokechorus 合唱隊(duì)chronic （疾?。┞缘?，（人）久病的 chronic indigestionclarity 澄清，闡明 clarify an issuecling 粘著 The frightened child clung to her mother.clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boycluster （果實(shí)，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，組 a cluster of touristsclutch 緊抓，緊握 clutch at

30、an opportunitycoherent 一致的，協(xié)調(diào)的 lack coherent political goalscoin 硬幣，錢幣，金屬貨幣 a silver coincoincide 相符，相一致 100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit.collaborate （尤指在文藝、科學(xué)等方面）合作，協(xié)作 He and I collaborated in writing plays.collapse 倒坍，崩潰，瓦解 The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.collide 碰撞，互撞

31、The car collided with the e 來(lái)，來(lái)到 Will you come to the dance tonight?commemorate 紀(jì)念，慶祝 commemorate a holidaycommend 表?yè)P(yáng)，稱贊 commend a soldier for braverycompact 緊密的，堅(jiān)實(shí)的 a compact piece of luggagecompare 比較，對(duì)照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machinecompatible 能和睦相處的，合的來(lái)的 You should

32、 choose a roommate more compatible to your pile 匯編，編制 compile an anthology of poemscomply 遵從，順從，服從 comply with rules(safety regulations)compose 組成，構(gòu)成 England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Bpress 壓縮 He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentencescompr

33、ise 包含，包括 The shipyard comprises three promise 妥協(xié)，折衷 compromise over the hard-fought pulsory 必須做的，義務(wù)的 a compulsory subjectconceal 隱藏，隱瞞，隱蔽 He concealed his disappointment from his friends.conceive 構(gòu)想出，設(shè)想 conceive an ideaconcentrate 集中，專心 concentrate ones attentioncondemn 譴責(zé) We all c

34、ondemn cruelty to children.condense （使）壓縮，（使）凝結(jié)，使簡(jiǎn)潔 condense a speech to halfconfer 商談，商議 confer with sb. Over (on, about, concerning) sth.confess 坦白，供認(rèn)，承認(rèn)，懺悔 confess ones crimeconfidence 信任 break sb.s confidenceconfine 限制，使局限 They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area.confirm 證實(shí)，肯定 confir

35、m a rumourconflict （尤指長(zhǎng)期的）戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，戰(zhàn)斗 The conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten years.conform 遵照，適應(yīng) confirm to(或with) the rules(the law)confront （使）面臨，（使）遭遇 The war confronted him with hardships.confuse 使混亂，混淆 He confused the arrangements by arriving late.connect 連接，連接 The bridge connects the island

36、 with(或to) the mainland.conscious 意識(shí)到的，自覺(jué)地 They were conscious that he disapproved.consent 同意，贊同，準(zhǔn)許 The people will never consent to another war.conserve 保護(hù)，保藏，保存 conserve natural resourcesconsider 考慮，細(xì)想 Consider carefully before doing anything.consist 組成，構(gòu)成(of) The house consists of six rooms.conso

37、lidate 鞏固，加強(qiáng) consolidate ones positionconspicuous 顯眼的，明顯的，引人矚目的 He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on a stage.constant 經(jīng)常的，不斷的 a constant noiseconstitute 組成，構(gòu)成 constitute a threat to sb.consult 請(qǐng)教，與.商量 consult a doctor about ones illnessconsume 消費(fèi),花費(fèi): consume much of ones time in readingconta

38、ct 接觸,聯(lián)系,交往: be in contact with sbcontain 包括,容納, a list containing twelve itemscontaminate弄臟,污染,玷污,毒害: Fumes contaminate the air contempt輕視,輕蔑:show a contempt for sbcontest競(jìng)賽,比賽,競(jìng)爭(zhēng):the contest between the two powers for the control of the regioncontract合同,契約:enter into(make)a contact with contradict

39、反駁,同.相矛盾,同.相抵觸:The facts contradict his theorycontrary相反的,對(duì)抗的:take the contrary viewcontrast對(duì)照,對(duì)比,(對(duì)比之下顯出的)差異:the contrast between the two forms of governmentcontribute捐(款等),捐獻(xiàn):He contributed 5dollars to the charity every paydaycontrive設(shè)計(jì),想出:contrive a new methodcontroversy(尤之以文字形式進(jìn)行的爭(zhēng)論),辨證:a point

40、of controversyconvention(正式)會(huì)議,(定期)大會(huì):draft a new constitution at a conventionconvert轉(zhuǎn)變,轉(zhuǎn)化:convert coal to (into) pipeline gasconvey運(yùn)送,輸送,傳送:a wire conveys an electric current convict(經(jīng)審訊)證明有罪,宣判有罪:He was convicted of smugglingcoordinate調(diào)節(jié),協(xié)調(diào):coordinate the functions of government agenciescordial熱情友

41、好的,熱誠(chéng)的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile, invitation)correspond相符合相稱(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipationcorrespondent通信者,通訊員,記者:a good(bad)correspondentcorresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprintscorrode(漸漸)損害,(一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地)損傷:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist between buyer and

42、 sellercorrupt墮落的,腐敗的,貪贓舞弊的:lead a corrupt lifecount數(shù),計(jì)算: count the moneycourse課程,科目:an English coursecourtesy 謙恭有禮。有禮的舉止（或）言辭：come in without courtesycredit信任，可信性：I have full credit in your ability to do the job。crucial 決定性的，關(guān)鍵性的：a crucial decisioncue 提示，暗號(hào)，信號(hào)：throw cues to sbcultivate耕作，栽培，養(yǎng)殖：cult

43、ivate vegetablescure 治愈，醫(yī)治：this medicine cured him of his pains。cut 切，割，剪，砍，削; The Mayor cut the ribbon to open a trade exhibition.Ddawn 黎明，拂曉 work from dawn to darkdazzle （強(qiáng)光等）使目眩，耀眼：He was dazzled by his sudden success.deceive 欺騙，蒙蔽：deceive oneselfdecent 體面的，像樣的:She didnt have a decent dress for t

44、he ball.decline 拒絕，謝絕：We sent him an invitation but he declined.decompose 分解，腐爛，腐敗：decompose a compound into its elements.dedicate 奉獻(xiàn)，把。用在（to）: The doctor dedicated himself to finding a cure.deduce 演繹，推論：From her conversation, I deduced that she had a large family.define 解釋，給。下定義: People define him

45、as a genius.deform(使)變形：Heat deforms plastic.defy 公然違抗，反抗：He was going ahead defying all difficulties.degenerate 衰退，墮落，變壞（into）: Her eyesight degenerated with the years.deliberate 慎重的，深思熟慮的：The government is taking deliberate action to lower prices.delight 高興，快樂(lè)：To the teachers great delight , all h

46、is students passed the examination.deliver 投遞，傳送，運(yùn)輸：deliver the mail demonstrate 論證，證明 ：demonstrate a philosophical principledenote 表示，是。的標(biāo)志，意思是：A frown often denotes displeasure.dense 稠密的，密集的:a dense forestdeposit 存放： She deposited her bag in the cloakroom.depress 使沮喪，使消沉：That movie depressed me.de

47、prive 剝奪，使喪失：deprive sb. of his propertyderive 取得，得到：He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father.descend 下來(lái)，下降：Darkness descended too soon.deserve 應(yīng)得，值得：The question deserves consideration.designate 指明，表明：designate boundaries desolate 荒蕪的，不毛的：desolate land despise 蔑視，鄙視：He despises flat

48、tery.detach 拆卸：They detached their trailer and set up camp.detain 留住，擔(dān)擱：be detained by business.detect （當(dāng)場(chǎng)）發(fā)現(xiàn)（某人在干壞事）:detect a student cheatingdeteriorate （使）惡化,(使)變壞,(使)退化: Relations between the two countries began to deteriorate.deviate 背離，偏離：deviate from the rule devote 將.獻(xiàn)給（to）:Mary devoted her

49、life to caring for the sick.diagnose 診斷，判斷：The doctor diagnosed the illness as influenza.dictate 口授，使聽寫：dictate a letter to a secretarydifferentiate 使不同，使有差別，區(qū)分，區(qū)別：differentiate varieties of plantsdiffuse 擴(kuò)散（氣體，液體等）：The colors of the sunset were diffused across the sky.diminish 減少，降低：His illness dim

50、inished his strength.diplomat 外交家，外交官，圓滑的人：a career diplomatdiscard 丟棄，拋棄：discard an old pair of shoesdiscern 看出，覺(jué)察出：We could discern from his appearance that he was upset.disclose 揭露，透露，使公開：disclose information to sb. discharge 釋放：The judge found him not guilty and discharged him.discount 把（價(jià)格，費(fèi)用等）

51、打折扣，削價(jià)出售：The store discounts 3 per cent on all bills paid when due.discriminate 區(qū)別，辨別：Its difficult to discriminate between the twin brothers.disgrace 丟臉，恥辱：bring disgrace on oneselfdisgust 厭惡，惡心：feel disgust for bad odors disperse 分散，驅(qū)散，散去：Police dispersed the rioters with tear gasdisplace 移動(dòng)。的位置：M

52、any of the inhabitants were displaced by the rising floodwatersdispose 布置，整理:The stores disposed the jewellery in an attractive displaydisregard 不理會(huì)，不顧：Disregard the noise and keep workingdistinct 有區(qū)別的，不同的：Three distinct types of people distort 扭歪，扭曲：a face distorted by (或with)paindistract 使轉(zhuǎn)向：be di

53、stracted from ones original purposedistribute 分配，分發(fā)：distribute the prizes among the winnersdivorce 離婚，分離，脫離：sue for a divorce dominate 分配，統(tǒng)治：a white dominated societydonate 捐贈(zèng)，贈(zèng)送：They donate to the Red Cross every year.doom 命運(yùn)，厄運(yùn)，劫數(shù)：His doom was to be poverty.doze 打瞌睡，打盹兒：The old lady dozed in her a

54、rmchair.drain 慢慢排去：drain water from a pooldread 怕，畏懼:I dread to think of what may happen.drift 漂流，漂泊：The sounds of music drifted up to us.dubious 引起懷疑的，不確定的：a dubious replydue 欠款的，應(yīng)支付的：A great deal of money is due to you.dump 傾倒，傾卸：He opened his bag and dumped its contents on the desk.duplicate 完全一樣

55、的，復(fù)制的：a duplicate key durable 耐用的：a durable fabricdwell （dwelt 或 dwelled ）（尤指作為常住居民）居住: dwell on an island Eeconomical節(jié)約的,節(jié)儉的,經(jīng)濟(jì)的: an economical stoveedge邊,棱: At the edge of the lake women were doing their washingedible可以吃的,可食用的:edible oilelaborate精心計(jì)劃(或制作)的,詳盡的:an elaborate plotelevate舉起,提高,抬起:elev

56、ate the living standards of the peopleeliminate排除,消除:eliminate the exploitation of man by man elite出類拔萃的人(或物),精華:the elite of the societyeloquent雄辯的,口才流利的,有說(shuō)服力的:an eloquent spokesmanembark上船(或飛機(jī),汽車等):embark for Europe at New York harborembody使具體化,表現(xiàn):embody principles in actionsembrace擁抱:She embraced her son tenderlyemigrate移居外國(guó)(或外地區(qū)):emigrate from Canada to Australia