2020_2021學(xué)年高中英語Module2DevelopingandDevelopedCountriesGrammar素養(yǎng)課件外研版必修3

1、Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries Grammar 語法精講語法精講探究學(xué)習(xí)探究學(xué)習(xí) 連詞連詞 【情境探究【情境探究】 觀察上面對(duì)話觀察上面對(duì)話, 并用適當(dāng)?shù)母痹~和連詞填空并用適當(dāng)?shù)母痹~和連詞填空: _ there is less poverty, life expectancy is still very low. = There is less poverty, _ life expectancy is still very low. = There is less poverty. _, life expectancy is still

2、 very low. Although but However 【要義詳析【要義詳析】 連詞是連接單詞、短語、從句或句子的一種虛詞連詞是連接單詞、短語、從句或句子的一種虛詞, 在句中不單獨(dú)作任何成在句中不單獨(dú)作任何成 分分, 但大多數(shù)連接詞都有具體的意義和用法。本模塊主要學(xué)習(xí)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的但大多數(shù)連接詞都有具體的意義和用法。本模塊主要學(xué)習(xí)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的 連詞連詞but, however, although/though, while 等。等。 1. however和和but。 二者詞義相同二者詞義相同, 意為意為“然而然而; 但是但是”, 都表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。都表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 (1)however

3、用作副詞時(shí)用作副詞時(shí), 意為意為“然而然而; 可是可是; 不過不過”, 用以引出令人吃驚或表示對(duì)用以引出令人吃驚或表示對(duì) 比的話語比的話語, 可以放在句首、句中或句末可以放在句首、句中或句末, 但要用逗號(hào)與其他部分隔開。但要用逗號(hào)與其他部分隔開。 *Id like to go with you; however, my hands are full. 我很想和你一起去我很想和你一起去, 可是我太忙了。可是我太忙了。 *She felt ill. She went to work, and tried to concentrate, however. 她病了她病了, 然而然而 她照舊去上班她照舊

4、去上班, 并且盡力集中精力工作。并且盡力集中精力工作。 *(2019江蘇高考江蘇高考)The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. 然而然而, 問題是這是否是發(fā)展中國(guó)家最需要的。問題是這是否是發(fā)展中國(guó)家最需要的。 (2)but用作并列連詞用作并列連詞, 常用來連接兩個(gè)并列的句子或一個(gè)句子中的兩個(gè)并列成常用來連接兩個(gè)并列的句子或一個(gè)句子中的兩個(gè)并列成 分分, 表示強(qiáng)烈的對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折表示強(qiáng)烈的對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折, 兩個(gè)并列成分之間可以用逗號(hào)隔開兩個(gè)并列成分之間可以用逗號(hào)隔開, 也可

5、以不用也可以不用, but后面不加逗號(hào)。后面不加逗號(hào)。 *(2018全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷) I pay 5 for a portion, but Matt makes them for 26p a portion. 我用我用5英鎊買一份食品英鎊買一份食品, 而而Matt只用了只用了26便士便做到了。便士便做到了。 *I had invited everyone to come to the party but only a few came. 我邀請(qǐng)了所有我邀請(qǐng)了所有 的人來參加宴會(huì)的人來參加宴會(huì), 但是只來了幾個(gè)人。但是只來了幾個(gè)人。 【名師點(diǎn)津【名師點(diǎn)津】 however作連詞時(shí)作連詞時(shí), 表示表

6、示“無論如何無論如何, 不管怎樣不管怎樣”, 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于no matter how, 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) 讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句, 從句可放在主句之前或之后。常構(gòu)成從句可放在主句之前或之后。常構(gòu)成: however/no matter how+ adj. /adv. +主語主語+謂語。謂語。 However/No matter how hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. 不管你多么努力不管你多么努力, 如果不減少飯量如果不減少飯量, 減肥很難。減肥很難。 He tr

7、ies his best to solve the problem, however difficult it is. 他盡力解決這個(gè)問題他盡力解決這個(gè)問題, 不管它有多困難。不管它有多困難。 but作連詞還可用于作連詞還可用于“Im sorry/Excuse me, but. . . ”句式中表示歉意句式中表示歉意, but本本 身沒有意義。身沒有意義。 Im sorry, but I cant help you with the problem. 很抱歉很抱歉, 我不能幫你解決這個(gè)問題。我不能幫你解決這個(gè)問題。 【即學(xué)活用【即學(xué)活用】用用but和和however填空。填空。 (1)We l

8、augh at jokes, _seldom do we think about how they work. (2)For many years, people have dreamed of electric cars. _, making them has been difficult. (3)(2018浙江高考浙江高考 )We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, _ is it possible to have too much time? (4)(2018浙江高考浙江高考 )_, longer-lasting re

9、usable bags often require more energy to make. but However but However 2. although和和though。 (1)although和和though都是引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞都是引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞, 意為意為“盡管盡管, 雖然雖然”, 一般情況下可以互換使用一般情況下可以互換使用, 但但although較正式較正式, 多用于句首多用于句首, 而而though在非正式在非正式 語體中較為普遍。語體中較為普遍。although和和though都不能和并列連詞都不能和并列連詞but連用連用, 但可以和但可以和yet

10、 或或still連用連用(因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)閥et和和still是副詞而不是連詞是副詞而不是連詞)。 *Although he is known to only a few, his reputation among them is very great. 雖然知道他的人不多雖然知道他的人不多, 但他在這些人中名聲卻很響。但他在這些人中名聲卻很響。 *(2019全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷)Though it may appear simple, it requires a lot of ideas and efforts. 雖然它看起來簡(jiǎn)單雖然它看起來簡(jiǎn)單, 但它需要很多想法和努力。但它需要很多想法和努力。 *Alt

11、hough/Though these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now. 雖然這些措施并不能永遠(yuǎn)有效雖然這些措施并不能永遠(yuǎn)有效, 但它們目前是至關(guān)重要的。但它們目前是至關(guān)重要的。 (2)though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)可用部分倒裝形式引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)可用部分倒裝形式, 其用法相當(dāng)于其用法相當(dāng)于as, 把從句中把從句中 的表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形置于句首的表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形置于句首; 若表語是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)若表語是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù), 前置時(shí)要省略不前置時(shí)要省略不 定冠詞。定冠詞。 *Hot as/though the n

12、ight air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. 夜晚的空氣雖然很熱夜晚的空氣雖然很熱, 但因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)途旅行之后很累但因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)途旅行之后很累, 我們睡得很我們睡得很 沉。沉。 *Child though/as she is, she knows a lot. 雖然還是個(gè)孩子雖然還是個(gè)孩子, 她卻懂得很多。她卻懂得很多。 【名師點(diǎn)津【名師點(diǎn)津】 (1)though還可以充當(dāng)副詞還可以充當(dāng)副詞, 表示表示“然而然而”, 位于句中或句末位于句中或句末, 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于however。 although

13、沒有此用法。沒有此用法。 (2)though引導(dǎo)的從句可以用倒裝引導(dǎo)的從句可以用倒裝, although引導(dǎo)的從句不可以。引導(dǎo)的從句不可以。 【即學(xué)活用【即學(xué)活用】 (1)改錯(cuò)。改錯(cuò)。 Though we are poor, but we are still happy. ( ) Try although I might, I couldnt lift the stone. ( ) (2)一句多譯。一句多譯。 雖然我努力學(xué)習(xí)雖然我努力學(xué)習(xí), 但仍然沒有通過考試。但仍然沒有通過考試。 _, I still failed my examination. I studied hard, _. _,

14、I still failed my examination. 去掉去掉but althoughthough/as Although/Though I studied hard but I still failed my examination Hard though I studied 3. while的用法的用法 while表示表示“然而然而”時(shí)時(shí), 通常連接后半句通常連接后半句, 強(qiáng)調(diào)前后內(nèi)容的對(duì)比。強(qiáng)調(diào)前后內(nèi)容的對(duì)比。while作連作連 詞時(shí)用法較多詞時(shí)用法較多, 主要有以下幾種含義主要有以下幾種含義: (1)while用作從屬連詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句用作從屬連詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句, 表示表示

15、“雖然雖然, 盡管盡管”, 可與可與although或或 though替換替換, 此時(shí)此時(shí)while位于句首。位于句首。 *(2019浙江高考浙江高考)While restaurants throw away tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of locked garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. 雖然每年飯店浪費(fèi)大量食物雖然每年飯店浪費(fèi)大量食物, 由于上鎖的垃圾桶、健康法規(guī)由于上鎖的垃圾桶、健康法規(guī) 或商業(yè)政策或

16、商業(yè)政策, 無法得到很多扔掉的食物。無法得到很多扔掉的食物。 *While he loves his students, he is very strict with them. 雖然他愛他的學(xué)生雖然他愛他的學(xué)生, 可是他對(duì)他們很嚴(yán)格?？墒撬麑?duì)他們很嚴(yán)格。 (2)while作并列連詞表轉(zhuǎn)折作并列連詞表轉(zhuǎn)折, 強(qiáng)調(diào)前后句的對(duì)比關(guān)系強(qiáng)調(diào)前后句的對(duì)比關(guān)系, 意為意為“然而然而”, 此時(shí)此時(shí)while不不 能位于句首。能位于句首。 *Waving ones hand is to say “Goodbye”. Nodding the head means agreement, while shaking

17、 it means disagreement. 揮手表示再見。點(diǎn)頭表示同意揮手表示再見。點(diǎn)頭表示同意, 而搖頭表示不同意。而搖頭表示不同意。 *Theres plenty of rain in the southeast, while theres little in the northwest. 東南東南 部雨量充足部雨量充足, 而西北部則很少下雨。而西北部則很少下雨。 (3)while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句, 意為意為“當(dāng)當(dāng)時(shí)候時(shí)候”, 此時(shí)此時(shí)while相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于during the time that. . . , 從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞通常是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞從句中的

18、謂語動(dòng)詞通常是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞, 不可用短暫性動(dòng)詞。不可用短暫性動(dòng)詞。 *I learned a lot of French while I was in Paris. 在巴黎時(shí)我學(xué)了很多法語。在巴黎時(shí)我學(xué)了很多法語。 【即學(xué)活用【即學(xué)活用】 (1)(2020天津高考天津高考)You might find it relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book. 譯譯: _ _ (2)(2018浙江高考浙江高考 )

19、And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today. 譯譯: _ 當(dāng)你靜靜地坐在角落里當(dāng)你靜靜地坐在角落里, 拿著一本好書拿著一本好書, 帶著你的孩子聽半個(gè)小時(shí)的故事帶著你的孩子聽半個(gè)小時(shí)的故事, 你可能會(huì)覺得很放松。你可能會(huì)覺得很放松。 而且雖然塑料袋可能看起來很難看而且雖然塑料袋可能看起來很難看, 但它們僅占今天地面垃圾的一小部分。但它們僅占今天地面垃圾的一小部分。 (3)(2018全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷)Corn pro

20、duction has jumped nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. 譯譯: _ 在過去的在過去的25年中年中, 玉米的產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)了近玉米的產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)了近125%, 然而水稻只增長(zhǎng)了然而水稻只增長(zhǎng)了7%。 課時(shí)檢測(cè)課時(shí)檢測(cè)素養(yǎng)達(dá)標(biāo)素養(yǎng)達(dá)標(biāo) . 單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò) 1. He is usually careful. But, this time he made a big mistake. ( ) 2. Although the sun was shining, bu

21、t it wasnt very warm. ( ) 3. Some waste food however others dont have enough to eat. ( ) 4. However it rained hard, they went on hiking. ( ) 5. Child although he is, he knows a lot about electricity. ( ) ButHowever 去掉去掉but howeverwhile HoweverAlthough/Though althoughas/though 6. Sailing in rough wea

22、ther can be very unpleasant. But, we found it exciting. ( ) 7. He is a shy man, so he is not afraid of anything or anyone. ( ) 8. He tried his best to solve the problem, although difficult it was. ( ) ButHowever sobut althoughhowever . 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 1. Although she is clever, she doesnt study very hard

23、. Clever _ she is, she doesnt study very hard. 2. He knew all his friends would be there, but he didnt want to go. He knew all his friends would be there, he didnt want to go, _. 3. While I dont like pop music very much, I think this song by Jay Chou sounds beautiful. _ I dont like pop music very mu

24、ch, I think this song by Jay Chou sounds beautiful. though/as though/however Although/Though 4. Some are for the plan; on the other hand, others are against it. Some are for the plan _ others are against it. 5. We had cold weather during our holiday, though it was already June. We had cold weather d

25、uring our holiday. It was already June, _. 6. We wanted to go out but it rained. We wanted to go out. _, it rained. 7. Cold though it is, Im going out for a walk. _ it is cold, Im going out for a walk. while though However Though/Although 8. While I quite understand why he refused to help her, I cant agree that he was right to do so. _ I quite understand why he refused to help her, I cant agree that he was right to do so. 9. You may be right. However, I still want to do what I planned. You may be right. _ I still want to do what I p