BEC中級(jí)商務(wù)報(bào)告寫作講義

1、BEC 中級(jí)商務(wù)報(bào)告寫作 1. 什么是商務(wù)報(bào)告 商務(wù)報(bào)告是指針對某種特殊的、 有意義的商務(wù)目的， 向一個(gè)人或多個(gè)人提供的公正、客觀和有 計(jì)劃的 事實(shí)陳述。報(bào)告中所陳述的事實(shí)必須與事件、條件、質(zhì)量、進(jìn)展、結(jié)果、問題或提議的解決方案有關(guān)， 幫助當(dāng)事人了解復(fù)雜的商業(yè)情況， 計(jì)劃進(jìn)程， 解決問題， 使上級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)就一系列 事件做出決策。通常是 根據(jù)上司的要求，由下級(jí)向上級(jí)呈報(bào)。 2. 商務(wù)報(bào)告種類 事件調(diào)查報(bào)告 ( Investigative Reports ) 意見調(diào)查報(bào)告 ( Survey Reports ) 年度報(bào)告 ( Annual Report ) 、 月度報(bào)告 ( Monthly Report

2、s ) 、周報(bào)告 ( Weekly Reports ) 進(jìn)展報(bào)告 ( Progress Reports ) 市場調(diào)查報(bào) 告 ( Market Research Reports ) 可行性研究報(bào)告 ( Feasibility Reports ) 。 3. 商務(wù)英語報(bào)告寫作的總體原則 內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)確無誤 ( Accurate ) 、簡明扼要 ( Brief ) ，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰 ( Clear ) ，建議明確果斷 ( Decisive )， 故 簡稱 ABCD 原則。具體內(nèi)容如下： 內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)確無誤： 報(bào)告的正確性不僅僅是指英語語法、 標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和拼寫， 更重要的是其內(nèi)容要敘 述的正 確。 報(bào)告的事實(shí)陳述部分既不能

3、因嘩眾取寵而夸大其詞， 也不能因其涉及的令人不愉快 的消息而低調(diào) 陳述。實(shí)事求是、準(zhǔn)確無誤是報(bào)告寫作的重要原則。 內(nèi)容簡明扼要： 報(bào)告的長短一般取決于報(bào)告的內(nèi)容及其正式程度。 正式報(bào)告篇幅一般較長， 而 非正式 報(bào)告則較短。不論何種報(bào)告，報(bào)告的語言必須簡潔、流暢，切忌陳詞濫調(diào)。一份拖沓冗 長的報(bào)告不僅寫 時(shí)費(fèi)力， 對方閱讀更浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。 撰寫商務(wù)英語報(bào)告時(shí)要盡量避免羅嗦， 用盡可 能較少的文字，完整、 清楚地表達(dá)需要表達(dá)的意。 結(jié)構(gòu)清晰明了：用數(shù)字、符號(hào)標(biāo)明段落、層次、要點(diǎn)等，加強(qiáng)邏輯性，使讀者一目了然。 建議明確果斷： 多數(shù)報(bào)告都有結(jié)論和建議部分， 是報(bào)告的核心。 撰寫時(shí)， 應(yīng)確保報(bào)告的結(jié)論和

4、 建議 是經(jīng)過充分論證而得出的，而且應(yīng)明確果斷，切忌模棱兩可。 連接性詞語和表達(dá) Adding ideas Furthermore/ Moreover/ In addition, also, as well as, Contrasting ideas However,， Although .,.Despite/ In spite of ，while / whereas ， On the 1 歡。 迎下載 other hand ，in contrast, on the contrary, Making comparisons Both./ Neither ，Like/Unlike Likewis

5、e, similarly, be similar to, the same as, compared with/to Linking cause and effect Because of/ as a result of/ due to/thanks to /owing to This means leads therefore, otherwise, as, because, to/ results in ， Consequently, ， As a result, since, now that Examples , take for example for example, for in

6、stance, such as Emphasis in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all, Summary 概括、歸納 in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, As we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, atlast

7、, in summary, in conclusion 4. 商務(wù)英語報(bào)告的四步寫作法 在撰寫報(bào)告之前，應(yīng)做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。因此，撰寫者不妨應(yīng)先回答以下 幾個(gè)問題： ?報(bào)告的目的：為什么寫這份報(bào)告？ ?報(bào)告的讀者：誰是報(bào)告的讀者？他（們）知道什么信息？他（們）需要什么信息？ ? 報(bào)告的素材：撰寫這份報(bào)告需要收集哪些信息？到哪里去收集這些信息？ ? 報(bào)告的結(jié)構(gòu)：如何構(gòu)思報(bào)告？如何做到報(bào)告結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，便于讀者閱讀？是否需要自 己設(shè)計(jì)報(bào) 告的格式還是公司有現(xiàn)成的格式可以參照？ ? 報(bào)告的寫作期限：報(bào)告何時(shí)須上交？ 回答完以上問題后，可以按照以下四個(gè)步驟進(jìn)行運(yùn)作： 1）. 收集信息（ Collecting

8、 Information ）：收集信息可以采取口頭或書面形式?？陬^形式包 括面對面 溝通或電話溝通獲取信息等；書面形式指的是用辦公室便函（Memos 、電子郵件 （ Emails ）、問卷調(diào)查（ Questionnaires ）等手段向公司內(nèi)部或外部索取信息。此外，查閱公 司的 相關(guān)材料（如產(chǎn)品目錄、價(jià)格單等、也屬于書面收集信息形式。 2、. 謀篇布局（ Planning the structure 、：確定報(bào)告寫作的目的，對收集到的信息進(jìn)行整理、 分 類，刪除無關(guān)信息。 然后按照信息的重要程度進(jìn)行合理排列， 列成提綱。 若需要擺放插圖或 圖 表，也應(yīng)在這一階段確定其在報(bào)告中的位置。 3 、

9、. 撰寫草稿（ Writing the draft 、：撰寫報(bào)告的各個(gè)部分，各部分的具體內(nèi)容在本文第四部 分詳細(xì)講解。 4) .校對編輯 ( Proofreading and editing ): 校對編輯報(bào)告寫作 的最后一個(gè)過程也是極其重要 的一個(gè)過程，很遺憾這一過程往往被人忽視。 撰寫人寫 完草稿后應(yīng)對報(bào)告進(jìn)行全面檢查，檢查 的具體內(nèi)容包括兩方面：一是語言，包括語法、拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、語言風(fēng)格等；二是信息，包 括數(shù)據(jù)、圖 表、觀點(diǎn)等。檢查后，應(yīng)對報(bào)告進(jìn)行編輯，盡量做到報(bào)告便于讀者閱讀。 5. 商務(wù)英語報(bào)告的寫作語氣 一般而言，報(bào)告大多由下屬寫給上司，一使用的語言多為正式。 此外，報(bào)告的內(nèi)容和

10、篇幅也決定 了其寫作 語氣比商務(wù)信函要正式的多。 在撰寫商務(wù)英語報(bào)告的過程中，可以適當(dāng)多使用一些能 提高語言正式度英語語法結(jié)構(gòu)。具體而言如下： 1) 使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，如： The e-Source message will be delivered to the target audie nee multiple times through multiple ave nu es. 2) 使用復(fù)雜詞匯，如： The training system in corporates (in eludes) many visual aids. 3) 使用長句子，如： The content and mess

11、age of the kit will be similar to that sent to conventionaloutlets, but will be tailored to electronic media and will either be e-mailed to the Webmaster or sent in hard copy and on a diskette. 4) 使用名詞短語，如： The rectificati on of this problem can be achieved by insertion of a wedge. 5) 使用非人物主語，女口： Pu

12、tting a copy of this CD-ROMn the hands of editors of targeted publicati ons will allow them to see for themselves the features of the State Computer Store. 6) 使用分詞短語，女如： Armed with this information,our customers will be able to identify trends and make strategic decisi ons in accorda nee with their

13、age ncy goals. 7) 使用動(dòng)詞不定式，如： To streamline the internal approval process, we can e-mail our quote to our purchas ing age nt for budget approval. 8) 使用介詞短語，如： With convenient access to WebServices in our online Electronic Product and Pricing Catalog use abbreviations for the n ame to reduce the nu mb

14、er of words. 報(bào)告的標(biāo)題應(yīng)盡可能概括報(bào)告的內(nèi)容， 因?yàn)樗钦獔?bào)告的信息濃縮， 而且標(biāo)題應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)確、客 觀，不應(yīng)像報(bào)刊文章標(biāo)題那樣為了吸引讀者的注意力而別出心裁。 或動(dòng) 此外，標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是名詞短語 名詞短語。如以下幾例： Report on suitability of Executive Relocati on Services (ERS) Report on the Proposed Incen tive Scheme Report on the Adopti on of Flex-time Worki ng Systems 2) 導(dǎo)言( Introduction/ Terms o

15、f Referenee) use standard phrases 在導(dǎo)言部分，扼要地說明一下報(bào)告的寫作背景和主旨。 此外，還應(yīng)該注明報(bào)告提交給何人、何 時(shí)提交的。如果是事件調(diào)查報(bào)告應(yīng)首先說明事件的經(jīng)過，包括事件發(fā)生的日期、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、 情況敘述 等。以下是導(dǎo)言部分寫作的常見句型： The purpose/ aim/ objective of this report is to in vestigate/ evaluate/ assess/ study/ estimate This report aims to recomme nd/ an alyze/ give； This report s

16、ets out to Mr. X has asked meto report to investigate/ evaluate / study / recommend / analyze /_give_feedback_/_estimate_/_assess _ 重復(fù)題目 As requested by 某人 / 某部門,I am submitting the following report about重復(fù)題 目中的目的。 Upon request of 某人/某部門， . As you 或者某人，某部門 requested on November 12, I am submitting t

17、he following report on重復(fù) 題目 Here is the report concerning重復(fù)題目要求 We have done a survey showi ng that重復(fù)題目要求，或者直接開始闡述數(shù)據(jù)或者信息。 3) 調(diào)查結(jié)果 (Findings ) 報(bào)告的調(diào)查結(jié)果部分是報(bào)告建議的依據(jù)，其內(nèi)容應(yīng)當(dāng)準(zhǔn)確無誤，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，語言流暢、銜接。這部分內(nèi)容 的每一個(gè)段落都應(yīng)當(dāng)有一個(gè)明確的主題句，一般放在段首，這樣便于讀者攝取這部 分的信息。以下是這部分主題句寫作的常見句型： It was proposed/ found/ felt/ discovered that Accor

18、ding to the recent market research / investigation/ survey / the chart above / the table above / un dertake n, The findings of the in vestigati on in dicate that clearly show(s) that The rece nt visit/ in vestigati on/survey showed that It was gen erally the case that Most people thought/suggested t

19、hat A nu mber of people men ti oned that Several cha nges were put forward. Several staff members expressed the view that 若報(bào)告中需提供圖表統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)或描述行情走勢， 撰寫人應(yīng)當(dāng)熟悉這方面寫作的常用句型， 以下 就是該方面寫作的一些典型句子結(jié)構(gòu)： 1. The table/chart/graph/diagram/figure/statistics shows/describes/illustrates that 2. As it can be see n from the t

20、able/chart/figure 3. It is clear/apparent from the table/chart/graph/diagram/figure/statisticsthat 4. The number of increased/jumped/rose suddenly/rapidly/dramatically from to 5. The number of decreased/dropped/fell greatly/significantly sharply from to 6. The number of fluctuated slowly/slightly be

21、tween to 7. The number of remained steady/stable (stayed the same) between to 8. There was a (very) sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant increase/jump/rise in the number of from to 9. There was a (very) sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slightdecrease/drop/fall in the 10. The monthly profit/figures peake

22、d in December at 10%. 11. The monthly profit/figures reached a peak/a high (point) in December at 10%. 12. The monthly profit/figures bottomed out in December at 10%. 13. Sales witnessed a great rise/increase/drop/fall between to 4) 結(jié)論( Conclusions ) One sentence 報(bào)告的結(jié)論部分是寫報(bào)告的人在報(bào)告調(diào)查結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上是對調(diào)查結(jié)果進(jìn)行總結(jié)和解

23、釋。 同一調(diào)查結(jié)果會(huì)因 為撰寫者的不同而得出不同的結(jié)論， 但這部分不應(yīng)當(dāng)包括報(bào)告前文中沒有提到的新 的信息。 1. It was concluded/ decided/ agreed/ felt that 2. No conclusions were reached regarding the 3. In conclusion/ On balance, 4. According to the findings above, it can be concluded that 5. From the table shown, it can be concluded that 6. Therefor

24、e, it can be concluded that 5) 建議( Recommendations ) one sentence 建議往往是許多商務(wù)報(bào)告寫作的最重要部分。 一份報(bào)告有效程度常常取決于報(bào)告中所提供的建 議的質(zhì)量高 低。建議部分主要內(nèi)容為報(bào)告撰寫人在經(jīng)過充分的論證后認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)采取的措施或行 動(dòng)。報(bào)告人有時(shí)也會(huì)描 述采取措施后可能出現(xiàn)的后果或情形。注意，recommendation 以及 recomme nd后面要用動(dòng)詞原形(虛擬語氣)。 1. It was recomme nded/ proposed/ suggested that 2. we would recomme nd t

25、hat 3. The followi ng are the recomme ndati ons 4. It would be advisable to 5. Based on the con clusi on / an alysis above, we recomme nd that / it can con cluded that 6. With reference to the adva ntages stated above, the followi ng recomme ndatio ns can bemade, 7. With reference to the facts above

26、, the follow ing recomme n dati ons can be made, 8. On the basis of the results, I have the follow ing recomme n dati ons 9. On the basis of thean alysis, it is reas on able to have the followi ng recomme n dati ons: 如果需要進(jìn)一步拓展，可以描述一下建議實(shí)施后可預(yù)期的進(jìn)展或者景象。具體說法是，建議結(jié) 束之后，so that 或者thus 7. 注意事項(xiàng)： 1) . Always g

27、ive the report an overall title. 2) . Use abbreviati ons for n ames to reduce the nu mber of the words. 3) . The report n eeds to be divided into secti ons. Each secti on requires a suitable headi ng. 4) . One paragraph, one idea. 5) . Where possible, use sta ndard phrases, li nking words to connect

28、 ideas. 6) . Use formal la nguage and no short forms. 7) . Keep in troduct ions, con clusi ons and recomme ndati ons to just one sentence. 8) . Pay attention to words limit. 9) . Use bullet points to make the content clear and easy to read. 下面為一份非正式報(bào)告的兩種形式，毋庸置疑，右邊經(jīng)過編輯后的版本結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、層次分明，內(nèi)容清楚、 一目了然，其格式不論是對

29、寫正式報(bào)告還是非正式報(bào)告都值得借鑒。 Proposed Incen tive Scheme Mr. John Smith, Office Manager, has asked meto write this report on a proposed incentive scheme offeri ngrewards, possibly finan cial, to members of staff for mon ey-sav ing ideas or ways to improve work practices. A sample of workers was individually as

30、ked for their opinions. The following is the findin gs: most thought the incen tive scheme was a good idea; most preferred finan cial rewards; some suggested time off in stead; A few thought this was a man ageme nt area. In general most workers were in favor of an incentive scheme offeri ng finan ci

31、alrewards. It is recomme n ded that the scheme be in troduced. Richard Stewart March 18, 20 Report on A Proposed Incen tive Scheme Terms of Refere n ee: Mr. John Smith, Office Manager, has asked me to write this report on a proposed incentive scheme offering rewards, possibly financial, to members o

32、f staff for money-saving ideas or ways to improve work practices. Proceedings: A sample of workers was individually asked for their opinions. Findings: uMost thought the incentive scheme was a good idea. uMost preferred financial rewards. u Some suggested time off instead. uA few thought this was a

33、management area. Conclusions: In general most workers were in favor of an incentive scheme offering financial rewards. Recommendations: It is recommended that the scheme be introduced. Richard Stewart March 18, 20- Assignment: You work for a company that sells electrical goods. You have recently visited a potential supplier in Slovakia. Look at the memo and your handwritten not