人教版英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)Unit-7《Teenagers-should-be-allowed-to-choose-their-own-clothes》知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothesSection A 1. 語(yǔ)態(tài)：1) 英語(yǔ)有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。 Cats eat fish. （主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）貓吃魚。 Fish is eaten by cats.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))魚被貓吃。 2）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成 由“助動(dòng)詞be 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。（如果要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，可加上by+執(zhí)行者。 助動(dòng)詞be 有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其變化規(guī)則與be 作為連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)完全一樣。時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般現(xiàn)在

2、時(shí)am/is/are doneEnglish is spoken by many people.許多人說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)was/were doneRome wasnt built in a day.羅馬不是一天建成的一般將來(lái)時(shí)shall/will be doneam/is/are going to be doneA library will be built in the city.市里將建一個(gè)圖書館The plan is going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. 該計(jì)劃將會(huì)在明天的會(huì)議上討論。過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)should/would be don

3、ewas/were going to be doneHe told me that he would be taught a lesson by his father.他告訴我他會(huì)被他的爸爸教訓(xùn)一頓。He told me the plan was going to be discussed at the meeting他告訴我該計(jì)劃將會(huì)在會(huì)議上討論現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are being doneThe car is being repaired.車正在被修理。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were being doneThe car was being repaired at this time yes

4、terday.昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候車正在被修理?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has been doneThis novel has been translated into many languages.這部小說(shuō)已被譯成多種語(yǔ)言。過(guò)去完成時(shí)had been doneWhen he reached the station, all the tickets had been sold out. 當(dāng)他到車站時(shí)票已售完 注：done 即及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。 3）含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。如： The trees may be planted in spring. 樹可在春天

5、種植。 The room must be kept clean. 房間必須保持整潔。Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.青少年應(yīng)當(dāng)被允許選擇他們自己的衣服。 4）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法當(dāng)我們不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或者沒有必要指出誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或者只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。English is spoken in Canada. 加拿大說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。The bridge was built in 1949. 這座橋建于1949年。The car is being repaired. 車正在被修理。This novel

6、 has been translated into many languages. 這部小說(shuō)已被譯成多種語(yǔ)言。The plan is going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. 該計(jì)劃將會(huì)在明天的會(huì)議上討論。 5）一些被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的固定結(jié)構(gòu) be supposed to “應(yīng)該” What am I supposed to do? 我該怎么做？ It is said that據(jù)說(shuō) It is believed that據(jù)信 It is reported that據(jù)報(bào)道 It is estimated that據(jù)估計(jì) It is thought th

7、at有人認(rèn)為 It is well known that眾所周知It is generally agreed that人們通常認(rèn)為 It can be seen that可以看出 It has been found that研究/實(shí)驗(yàn)表明 It has been shown that業(yè)已表明 It must be realized that必須認(rèn)識(shí)到 It used to be said that常言道 6）用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義的情況 有些不及物動(dòng)詞與easily, quickly, well等副詞連用表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)在特征、性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)時(shí)，習(xí)慣用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。（常見的有sell, loc

8、k, close, open, wash, write, start, begin, wear, read.） This kind of shirts sell well.這種襯衫很好賣。The door lock easily.這門很容易鎖。The pen writes well.這筆很好用。 在形容詞worth和動(dòng)詞need, want, require等后以動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。 The movie is worth watching. 這部電影值得一看。 Your hair needs cutting. 你的頭發(fā)需要理了。 某些系動(dòng)詞如feel（摸上去）, smell（聞起來(lái)）,

9、 sound（聽起來(lái)）, taste（嘗起來(lái)）, look（看上去）, prove（證明是）等，也習(xí)慣以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 The design proved to be a success.該設(shè)計(jì)被證明是成功的。 This kind of paper feels very soft.這種紙摸起來(lái)很柔軟。 The desk looks old. 這張桌子看上去很舊。 Good medicine tastes bitter.良藥苦口。2. allow 允許，準(zhǔn)許1）allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事 Mother allows me to watch TV every

10、night. 媽媽允許我每晚看電視。2）allow doing sth. 允許做某事 We dont allow smoking in public.我們不允許在公共場(chǎng)所吸煙。3）be allowed to do sth. 被允許做某事（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)） LiLy is allowed to go to Hangzhou. 莉莉被允許去杭州。3. a sixteen-year-old “一個(gè)16歲的孩子/青少年”如：Tom is a sixteen-year-old sixteen-year-olds“16歲的孩子們/青少年們” 如：two sixteen-year-olds兩個(gè)16歲的孩子 six

11、teen-year-old adj.“16歲的”作前置定語(yǔ)Tom is a sixteen-year-old student.湯姆是個(gè)16歲的學(xué)生。sixteen years old “16歲”作表語(yǔ) Tom is sixteen years old. 湯姆16歲。4. have/get + sth.+ done(過(guò)去分詞) 使某事被做；請(qǐng)某人做某事I have/get my car repaired 我讓別人修理了我的車汽車。I cant get the car started.我無(wú)法把小轎車開動(dòng)起來(lái)。get their ears pierced 穿耳洞5. enough 足夠1）形容詞/副

12、詞enough 如：beautiful enough足夠漂亮 2）enough名詞如：enough food 足夠的食物 3）enough to 足夠去做如： I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢去北京。 She is old enough to go to school. 她夠大去讀書了。6. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 請(qǐng)停止說(shuō)話。 stop to do sth. 停下來(lái)去做某事 請(qǐng)停下來(lái)說(shuō)話。 stop sb from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事。 沒人能阻止我去那兒。cant stop doing sth.

13、忍不住做某事 他忍不住哭了。7. seem v.看起來(lái)，似乎，好像1) seem + ( to be ) adj. / n. 2) seem + to do 3) It seems + that 引導(dǎo)的從句 4) It seems + as if引導(dǎo)的從句他好像很悲傷。他的父親看起來(lái)像個(gè)親切的人。他似乎什么都知道看樣子，他們終歸得結(jié)婚。It seemed as if they would marry in the end.8. need 需要 1) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：后接動(dòng)詞原形 2）實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事 Yong people need to sleep st

14、h need doing = sth need to be done 某物需要被 The bike needs repairing. = The bike needs to be repaired.這輛自行車需要修理。9. at that age 在那個(gè)年齡 at the age of. 在歲的時(shí)候10. agree vi. 同意，贊同，應(yīng)允，意見一致 1）agree with sb 與某人意見一致，同意某人（的意見） 2）agree about/on sth 在某事或某方面達(dá)成一致的意見 3）agree to + n. ( plan計(jì)劃，suggestion建議，arrangement安排,

15、proposal提議 ) 4）agree to do sth 同意做某事 我和你意見相同。 I agree you. = I agree with what you say. 對(duì)于那件事他們意見一致。 They agree the matter. 老板同意我的計(jì)劃。The boss agreed my plan. 他答應(yīng)幫助我們。 He agreed us. 10. 倒裝句1）sobe動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ) 意為：也是一樣（后者與前者情況一樣） She is a student. So am I.她是一個(gè)學(xué)生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did

16、 I . 她剛才去學(xué)校了，我也是 Tom has finished the work. So have I . 湯姆已經(jīng)完成了工作,我也完成了。She will go to school. So will he.她將去學(xué)校，他也是。Lucy can play soccer. So can Lily. Lucy會(huì)踢足球。Lily也會(huì)。 2）so主語(yǔ)be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意為：某人的確如此（贊同別人的說(shuō)法。常用于對(duì)話中）She is a student.她是一個(gè)學(xué)生So she is. 的確如此。-She went to school just now. 她剛才去學(xué)校了。-So she did

17、. 的確如此。- Tom has finished the work. 湯姆已經(jīng)完成了工作。-So he has. 的確如此。 - Lucy can play soccer. Lucy會(huì)踢足球。So she can. 的確如此。11. stay up 熬夜 如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我經(jīng)常熬夜到12點(diǎn)。12. clean up 打掃整理如： I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已經(jīng)打掃完了臥室。Section B1. fail1) fail the test = fail in the test 考試不及格，沒通過(guò)考試 pass

18、 the test 考試及格，通過(guò)了考試 take the test 參加考試 2) fail to do sth 未能做某事 I failed to pass the driving exam. 我未能通過(guò)駕照考試。2. be strict with sb. 對(duì)某人嚴(yán)厲/要求嚴(yán)格 be strict in sth. 對(duì)某事要求嚴(yán)格Our English teacher is very strict with us, and she is also very strict in her work.我們的英語(yǔ)老師對(duì)我們要求很嚴(yán)，而且她對(duì)自己的工作要求很嚴(yán)。3. the other day 前幾天

19、 I met Zhang Yishan the other day 前幾天我遇到了張一山。 another day 改天 He may come another day. 他可能改天來(lái)。4. concentrate on 全神貫注，專心于He decided to concentrate on physics because he failed the exam. This company concentrates on China market. 這家公司把重點(diǎn)放在中國(guó)市場(chǎng)上. Youd better concentrate your attention on the thing you a

20、re doing.5. get noisy 吵鬧6. learn (sth.) from sb. 向某人學(xué)習(xí)() 如： Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英語(yǔ)老師學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)7. at present / at the present time目前8. 有機(jī)會(huì)做某事have an opportunity to do sth. / have a chance to do sthhave an opportunity of doing sth / have a chance of doing sth. 如：I have an oppor

21、tunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.Self check Reading1. The classroom is a real mess. 教室太臟了.2. They both look good on me. 它們看上去都適合我。3. at least 最少 at most 最多4. sleep 1) v. 睡覺 2）n.睡眠 have a good sleep好好睡一覺 a sleep of 8 hours 8小時(shí)的睡眠 sleepy adj.困倦的，欲睡的（作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)） He feels sleepy

22、today. The sleepy boy is Tom. sleeping adj.睡眠中的(作定語(yǔ)) The sleeping boy is Tom. 這個(gè)正在睡覺的孩子叫湯姆。 asleep adj.睡著的(作表語(yǔ)) Be quiet. The boy is asleep.請(qǐng)安靜。孩子睡著了。5. We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often.我們應(yīng)該被允許更加經(jīng)常的花些時(shí)間多做這類事情.6. 花費(fèi) take ,cost, spend , pay It takes (sb.) some time t

23、o do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book. sth. cost (sb.) some mony The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend on sth. She spent 10days on this book. sb. spend doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book. sb. pay for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.7. take / have +時(shí)間段+off 請(qǐng)/放（多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的）假。如： 放2天假8.

24、 answer / reply 1) answer與reply都可作及物動(dòng)詞，意“回答，答復(fù)”。區(qū)別：answer可直接跟名詞、代詞和賓語(yǔ)從句；而reply只能跟賓語(yǔ)從句或直接引語(yǔ)，不能直接跟人或物（sb./sth）作賓語(yǔ)。但作不及物動(dòng)詞用的reply加介詞“to”后可跟人或物，意“對(duì)作出回答”。 “Certainly, sir.”he replied/answered. “一定，先生?！彼鸬?。 He that he didnt know the secret. Can you him? 你能答復(fù)他嗎？ Please my question. 請(qǐng)回答我的問(wèn)題。 2）都可用作不及物動(dòng)詞，但re

25、ply比answer正式，一般只經(jīng)過(guò)思考的、有針對(duì)性的、較詳細(xì)的答復(fù)。 She cried, but didnt . 她哭了，但不回答。 3）都可作名詞“回答，答復(fù)”大多數(shù)情況下可通用。9. get in the way of妨礙 (某事) get in sbs way 妨礙某人Her social life her studies. 她的社會(huì)生活妨礙了她的學(xué)習(xí)。The bikes over there will others. 自行車放在那里會(huì)妨礙別人的.He never 他從不妨礙別人.10. They should be allowed to practice their hobbies

26、 as much as they want. 應(yīng)該允許他們對(duì)業(yè)余愛好想練多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就練多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間.11. success n.成功 succeed v.成功 successful adj.成功的 successfully adv. 成功地 Succeed in doing sth. 成功完成某事12.We have nothing against running. 我們沒有理由反對(duì)他跑步13. But we do think that our son needs to be realistic. 但我們的確認(rèn)為我們的兒子需要面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。do/does/did+動(dòng)詞原形 “確實(shí)，的確，真正地，一定”。

27、表強(qiáng)調(diào)。只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的肯定句及祈使句中。如： speak well. 他講得的確好。務(wù)必請(qǐng)保持安靜。一定要注意你的方法。your manner.14. now that 既然15. think about 與think of 的區(qū)別 1) 當(dāng)兩者譯為： 認(rèn)為、想起、記著時(shí)，兩者可互用 I often think about/ of that day. 我經(jīng)常想起那天。 2) think about 還有“考慮”之意 ，think of 想到、想出時(shí)兩者不能互用 At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一個(gè)好主意。 We are thi

28、nking about going to Qinzhou. 我們正在考慮去欽州。16. happen vi. 指偶然或非人力所能控制的某事的“發(fā)生”。What has happened over there? 1）sth happen to+n./pron. “發(fā)生” 2) happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 3）What happens (to sb)? （某人）發(fā)生什么事？take place vi. 表預(yù)先安排好的某事的“發(fā)生” 那兒發(fā)生了什么事？ 他發(fā)生什么事了？ 機(jī)器出了毛病。 我碰巧遇到了湯姆。 五四運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生于1919年。The May 4th Movement in 1919. 足球賽什么時(shí)候舉行？When will the football match ? 17. serious adj. 1) “嚴(yán)肅的，正經(jīng)的”如：他看起來(lái)很嚴(yán)肅。 2）“認(rèn)真的” 如：他是個(gè)人真的學(xué)生。 3）“嚴(yán)重的，厲害的”如：這是個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。be serious about + n./pron./v-ing 對(duì) 熱衷，對(duì)興趣她對(duì)跳舞熱衷。 她對(duì)他感興