高考英語備考之反意疑問句

1、2012高考備考英語之反意疑問句句子按結(jié)構(gòu)來分，可分為簡單句、并列句和復合句。 簡單句按不同交際功能可分為陳述 句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句四種。按提出問題的方式，疑問句可分為：一般疑問句，特殊 疑問句，選擇疑問句和反意疑問句。反意疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)形式：反意疑問句提出情況或看法，問對方同不同意，這種問句都由兩部分組成，前一部分用陳述句的形式，后一部分是一個附著在前一部分上的簡短問句，中間用逗號隔開，如前一部分為肯定形式，后一部分通常用否定形式，前一部分為否定形式，后一部分就用肯定形式， 兩部分的時態(tài)要一致。如：you are to go home via hongkong, aren t you?你

2、準備經(jīng)香港回國，對吧？（肯定的陳述句+否定的反意疑問句）they didn t raise many questions at the press conference, did they? 他們在記者招待會上沒提出很多問題，是吧？（否定的陳述句+肯定的反意疑問句）you won t be away for long, will you?你不會離開太久，是吧？（否定的陳述句+肯定的反意疑問句） you have already got our invitation,haven t you?你們已收到了我們的請貼，是吧？（肯定的陳述句+否定的反意疑問句）反意疑問句的答語在回答反意疑問句時，應根據(jù)

3、事實來回答，如果事實是肯定的，前面要用yes,否則用no,在第一部分為否定句時要特別注意，這時英語回答和漢語回答是不一致的。如：you are not going out today, are you?no, i am not.你今天不出去，是嗎？是的，我今天不出去。（“不出去”屬于否定的事實，所以在英語中應用“no”來表示此義， 不要用 “yes”來回答。）-you are not going out today, are you?yes, i am.你今天不出去，是嗎？不，我出去。（“出去”屬于肯定的事實,所以在英語中應用“yes”來表示此義,不要用“no”來用心愛心專心3回答。） geo

4、rge wasn t ther e that day, was he? no, he wasn t.喬治那天不在那里，對吧？對，他不在。（“不在”屬于否定的事實，所以在英語中應用“no”來表示此義， 不要用“yes”來回答。） george wasn t there that day, was he?yes, he was.（“在”屬于肯定的事實，所以在英語中應用“ yes”來表示此義， 不要用 “no”來回答。）一般來說這種反意疑問句及其回答中的肯定否定關(guān)系可以用下面這個公式表示： （表示肯定，表示否定）問句中：， 或，回答中：，或，構(gòu)成反意疑問句時應注意的問題：1 .當陳述部分的主語是ev

5、erybody, everyone, someone, no one, nobody, somebody等不定代詞時，反意疑問句部分中的主語常用 they （ 有時也可用 he.）如： nobody phoned while i was out, did they?我出去的時候沒人打電話，是吧？ everyone h as been there, haven t they?每個人都去過那里，是嗎？ somebody borrowed my pen yesterday, didn t they?昨天有人借了我的鋼筆，是吧？ no one was hurt, was he?沒人受傷，是吧？2 .當

6、陳述部分的主語是everything, anything, nothing, something等表物的不定代詞時，反意疑問部分的主語常用 it.如： everything has been done on how to prevent the pollution, hasn t it?關(guān)于如何預防污染已采取了一切措施，是嗎？ nothing is wrong with the machine, is it?這臺機器沒出什么毛病，是吧？ nothing can stop us now, can it?任何事情都無法阻止我們，是吧？3.當陳述部分的主語是one時，反意疑問部分的主語常用one或y

7、ou。如： one can t be too careful, can one/ you?一個人越認真越好，是吧？one should study hard, shouldn t one/ you?一個人應當認真學習，是嗎？4 .當陳述部分的主語是man（人類）時，反意疑問部分的主語常用he。如：man is the master of his own fate, isn t he?人類是自己命運的主宰，是嗎？5 .當陳述部分是there be結(jié)構(gòu)時，反意疑問部分用there,省略主語代詞。如：there used to be a shop, didn t there?there won t

8、be any trouble, will there?不會有任何麻煩，是嗎？6 .當陳述分含有 seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing 等否定詞或半否定詞時，反意疑問部分的動詞應用肯定形式。如：she seldom goes to the cinema, does she?她很少去看電影，是嗎？ few people know him, do they?沒幾個人認識他，是嗎？ bob rarely got drunk, did he?鮑勃很少喝醉，是嗎？ he has never been to london,

9、has he?他從沒去過倫敦，是嗎？they can hardly understand it, can they?_他們幾乎不能理解，是嗎？ you have nothing else to say, have you?你沒有什么可說的了，是吧？7 .當陳述部分中含有im, in, dis, un 等否定前綴或less等否定后綴時，應把陳述 部分看成是肯定的，反意疑問部分要用否定式。如： he was unsuccessful,wasn t he?他沒成功，是嗎？this meeting is unimportant, isn t it?這次會議不重要，是嗎？your mother disl

10、ikes seeing you with me, doesn t she?你母親不喜歡看到你和我在一起，是嗎？ he is unfamiliar with this type of computer,isn t he?他不熟悉這種類型的計算機，是嗎？8 .當陳述部分是i m結(jié)構(gòu)時，反意疑問部分常用aren t i如： i am late, aren t i?我遲到了，是嗎？i m a boy, aren t i?我是一個男孩，是嗎？9 .當陳述部分是主從復合句時，反意疑問部分中的動詞和主語代詞通常應和主句中的 動詞和主語保持一致。如：she says that i did it,doesn t

11、 she ?她說是我做的，是嗎？ he never said he would come, did he?他從沒說過要來，是嗎？when he goes there, he will go to see her,won t he ?當他去那里時，他要去看她，是嗎？if you don t start early, you will be late, w on t you 如果你不早點出發(fā)就會遲到，是嗎？didn t hedoesn t he he told you that he had watched the football match, 他告訴你已看過了這場足球賽，是嗎？/ peter

12、believes that his dream will come true some day,彼得相信有一天他的夢想會實現(xiàn)，是嗎?等結(jié)構(gòu)時，反10 .當陳述部分的主句是i suppose, i think, i believe, i imagine意疑問部分往往與從句保持一致，而且要注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移。如： i suppose that she is careful, isn t she?我認為她認真，是嗎？ i th ink he is a thief, isn t he?我認為他是一個小偷，是嗎？ i don t believe she has gone home, has she?我認為她沒

13、有回家，是嗎？ i don t think he can do it well, can he?我認為他做不好那件事，是嗎？ i don t believe you can finish the job, can you?我覺得你完不成這項工作，是嗎？ i don t gue ss he knows it, does he?我想他不知道這件事，是嗎？11.當陳述部分含有 have,而且have作“有解時，反意疑問部分用 have/has或借助 助動詞 do, does, did 等來完成；如果陳述部分中的 have 是實義動詞，則反意疑問部分應 需借助助動詞 do, does, did 等來完

14、成。如：he hasn t a lot of time to spare, has he?他沒有許多可以抽出的時間，是嗎？ he doesn t have an eng lish dictionary, does he?他沒有英語詞典，是嗎？ they had milk and bread for breakfast, didn t they?他們早餐吃的面包喝的牛奶，是嗎？ you all had a good time, didn t you?你們都玩兒得很開心，是嗎？ mike often has a cold, doesn t he?邁克經(jīng)常感冒，是嗎？12.當陳述部分的謂語動詞包括h

15、ave to, had to 時，反意疑問部分通常用 do 的適當形如：t you? you had to take the early bus, didn你不得不乘坐早班車，是嗎？we have to do it, don t we?我們不得不做這件事，是嗎？ he has to look after the child, doesn t he?他不得不照顧這個小孩，是嗎？ they had to keep quiet, didn t they?他們不得不保持安靜，是嗎？13 .當陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞used to時，反意疑問部分可用used to形式或did形式。如：he used to

16、smoke three cigarettes a day, didn t/ usedn t he?他過去一天常吸三根香煙，是嗎？he used to get up late, didn t/ usedn t he?他過去起床晚，是嗎？we used to work in the same workshop, didn t/ usedn t we?我們過去在同一個車間工作，是嗎？14 .當陳述部分是祈使句時，反意疑問部分常用will you.如： help me to do it, will you?幫我做這件事，好嗎？ don t go there, will you?別去那里，好嗎？ be

17、quiet, will you?安靜些，好嗎？ give me some cigarettes, will you?給我一些香煙，好嗎？ don t move the chai r, will you?別搬這把椅子，好嗎？ let s和let us都表示讓我們”，但用法上不同。前者包括聽話人，后者不包 括聽話人。正因如此，它們的反意疑問句的形式常常不同：以 let s 開頭的祈使句，反意疑問部分常用 shall we.以 let us 開頭的祈使句，反意疑問部分常用 will you.用心 愛心 專心5如：let s go skating, shall we?我們?nèi)セ脝?？（說話人、聽話人

18、均去滑冰） let us have a look at your book, will you?讓我們看看你的書，好嗎？（說話人要看書，聽話人不看書）let s go now, shall we?我們現(xiàn)在走，好嗎？（我們?nèi)?，你也去?let us go shopping, will you?讓我們?nèi)ベI東西，好嗎？（我們?nèi)?，你不去?5 .當陳述句部分含 had better/best, would like to, would rather等約定俗成特殊短語時，反意疑問部分應保留第一個詞。如： he had better do more speaking,hadn t he?他最好多說，是嗎？

19、 you would like to do it,wouldn t you?你愿意做這件事，是嗎？16 .當陳述句部分是強調(diào)句或類似強調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)時，反意疑問部分常和句首的it is/was保持一致。如：it was in a park that you met him, wasn t it?你是在公園里遇見了他，是嗎？ it is the first timethat he has gone there, isn t it?這是他第一次去那里，是嗎？ it is ten years since he joined the army, isn t it?他參軍十年了，是嗎？17 .當陳述句部分為

20、感嘆句時，反意疑問句部分常用否定形式，且問句部分的動詞常用 be.如：what a handsome man he is, isn t he?他是一個多么英俊的人，是嗎？what a cold day, isn t it ?多么冷的一天，是嗎？18.當陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞must, may, can t,且表示推測時，反意疑問部分不能用 must, may, can t 自身，應和后面的實義動詞保持一致； must/ may/ can t + do 表示對現(xiàn)在情況的推測，反意疑問部分用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：he must be mr. chen, isn t he?（ 相當于： i think he

21、 is mr. chen.）他一定是陳先生，是嗎？ he can t be mr. c hen, is he?（相當于 i don t think he is mr. chen. ）他不可能是陳先生，是嗎？ he must be very tired, isn t he?（ 相當于： i believe he is very tired.）他一定很累，是嗎？ your mother may be at home, isn t she?（ 相當于： maybe your mother is at home.）可能你母親在家呢，是嗎？ must/ may/ can t + have done +

22、過去時間狀語，表示對過去情況的推測，反意疑 問部分常用一般過去時。如： he must have stayed at home yesterday, didn t he?（ 相當于 : i think he stayed at home yesterday.）他昨天一定呆在家里了，是嗎？you must have seen the film last week, didn t you?（ 相當于： i think you saw the film last week.）你上周一定看這部影片了，是嗎？ it can t have snowed last week, did it?（ 相當于： i

23、 don t think it snowed last week.）上周不可能下雪了，是嗎？ he may hav e gone home last night, didn t he?（ 相當于： maybe he went home last night.）他可能昨晚回家了，是嗎？ must/ m ay/ can t + have done ,反意疑問部分常用現(xiàn)在完成時。如：you must have met him before, haven t you?（相當于： i think you have met him before. ）你從前一定見過他，是嗎？you may have bee

24、n to tibet, haven t you?（相當于：maybe you have been to tibet.）你可能去過西藏，是嗎？ he can t have known the news, has he?（相當于：i don t think he has known the news.） 他不可能知道那個消息了，是嗎？you must have waited for a long time, haven t you?（相當于：i think you have waited for a long time.）你一定等了很長時間了，是嗎？19 .當陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞mustn t表示

25、禁止”時，反意疑問部分常用must.如：you mustn t walk on grass, must you?禁止你在草地上走，是嗎？20 .當陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞need, dare時，反意疑問部分有兩種形式：作情態(tài)動詞時保留自身；作實義動詞時反意疑問句應借助于助動詞do/does/did 來完成。如：you needn t go there, need you?你不必去那里，是嗎？（情態(tài)動詞）doesn t he? he needs to start at once,他需要立刻出發(fā)，是嗎？（實義動詞）she dare not go out alone at night, dare she

26、?她晚上不敢一人出去，是嗎？（情態(tài)動詞） we need to come earlier,don t we?我們需要早點來，是嗎？21 .當陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞ought to時，反意疑問部分常用oughtn t （有時也可用 shouldn t.）如：the child ought to be punished, oughtn t he?這個小孩應當受到懲罰，是嗎？you oughtn t to criticize her, ought you?你不應該批評她，是嗎？高考預測題：1 .nobody says a word about the incident,?用心愛心專心9a. is he

27、b. doesn t hec. do theyd. don t they2 .you never told me why you were late for the class,a. weren t youb. didn t youc. had youd. did you用心 愛心 專心133 .they dare not call you a fool,a. would theyb. dared theyc. dares theyd. dare they4.there is not much news in todays paper,a. isn t itb. are therec. is

28、thered. arenthere5 .the manager came here in a car,a. was heb. did hec. was n t hed. didnhe6 .she must have arrived there yesterday,a. have sheb. must shec.didn t shed. mustnshe7 .peter hardly ever goes to parties,a. doesn t heb. do hec. does hed. is he8.what a lovely day, a. doesn t itb. isn t itc.

29、 shan t itd.hasn t it9.let me do it, a. shall ib. shall wec. will youd. will i10 .nothing he did was right,a. did heb. was itc. didn t itd. was he11 .there used to be a church behind the cemetery,a. didn t thereb. used therec. usednt itd.didn t it12 .he must be in the library now,a. doesn t heb. mus

30、tn t hec. neednt hed. isn the13 .you would rather not have fish, you?a. hadn tb. wouldn tc. wouldd. had14 .you are not a new member, are you?. i joined only yesterday.a. no, i m notb. yes, i m notc. no, i amd. yes, i am15 .my sister often needs help with her study,a. need sheb. needn t shec. does sh

31、ed.doesn t she16.you d better send for a doctor for your mother,a. hadb. hadn tyou?c. wouldd.wouldn t17 .let s go swimming,a. aren t web. shall wec. will youd. won t we18.li ming can a. can het be in the classroom, b. is hec. can t hed. must he19 .he ought to have looked after his father,a. oughtn t

32、 he to heb. ought he not toc. oughtn the tod. oughtn t20.i have nothing to do with the matter,a. have ib. has itc. do id. does it21 .he was in good heath when i saw him last time,a. wasn t heb. didn t hec. hadn t hed.hasn t he22 .john had his hair cut yesterday afternoon,a. haven t heb. didn t hec.

33、hadn t hed.hasn t he23 .none of the pupils attended the sports meet,a. did theyb. do theyc. didn t theyd. don t they24.i d like to go with you,ita. had ib. wouldn t i25.it is the third time that john has been late,a. hasn t heb. isn t hec. hadn t i?c. isn t itd. would id. hasn t26.i suppose he is se

34、rious, ?d. isn ta. do ib. don t ic. is hehe24 .she dislikes this skirt, ?a. doesn t she b. does shec. isn t shed. is she28 .you mustn t tell it to your mother, ?a. must you b. do youc. need youd. will you29 .they have to face the difficulty, ?d. must theya. haven t they b. don t they c. do they30 .t

35、he man in blue must be your brother, ?a. mustn t heb. needn t hec. isn t hed. is he答案與提示：1 .c 當陳述部分中的主語為everybody, everyone, someone, no one, nobody,somebody等不定代詞時，反意疑問句部分中的主語常用they。且陳述部分為否定意義的詞nobody, 反意疑問部分應用肯定形式。2 .d 當陳述部分是主從復合句時，反意疑問部分中的動詞和主語代詞通常應和主句中 的動詞和主語保持一致。3 .d 當陳述部分中含有情態(tài)動詞dare 時，反意疑問部分也應用

36、情態(tài)動詞 dare （沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化）4 .c 陳述句部分含有not, 是否定式，所以反意疑問部分應用肯定式。而且當陳述部分是 there be 結(jié)構(gòu)時， 反意疑問部分用 there, 省略主語代詞。5 .d 當陳述部分的動詞是行為動詞時，而且前面又沒有任何助動詞時，這時的疑問部分要用 do/does/did 。6 .c 如果 must have done 句式中的時間狀語為表示過去的時間的詞，如 last year, yesterday, the day before yesterday 等，反意疑問部分常用 didn t + 主語。7 .c 如果陳述部分已有表示否定意義的副詞，如 ne

37、ver, nothing, seldom, rarely, hardly 等時，反意疑問部分應用肯定形式。8 .b 當陳述句部分為感嘆句時，反意疑問句部分常用否定形式，且問句部分的動詞常 用 be。9 .c 當陳述部分是祈使句時，反意疑問部分常用 will you 。10 .b 當陳述部分的主語是everything, anything, nothing, something等表物的不定代詞時，反意疑問部分的主語常用 it 。11 .a 當陳述部分是there be 結(jié)構(gòu)時， 反意疑問部分用 there, 省略主語代詞。當陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞 used to 時，反意疑問部分可用 used t

38、o 形式或 did 形式。所以此空應 填 didn t there 或 usedn t there 。12 .d must/ may/ can t + do 表示對現(xiàn)在情況的推測，反意疑問部分用一般現(xiàn)在時。he must be in the library now. 相當于 i think he is in the library now.13 .c 當陳述句部分含 had better/best, would like to, would rather等約定俗成特殊短語時，反意疑問部分應保留第一個詞。如此題中的陳述部分含有would rather 的否定式，則反意疑問部分用 would 。14 .d 反意疑問句的答語應根據(jù)實際情況來回答，如果事實是肯定的，前面要用 yes, 否則用no?；卮鹬械目隙ǚ穸P(guān)系可以用下面這個公式表示：（+表示肯定，一表示否定）問句中：， 或，回答中：，或，15 .d 陳述句部分含有實義動詞 needs, 所以反意疑問部分要用助動詞doesn t 。16 .b 當陳述部分有had better 時，反意疑問部分應用hadn t 。17 .b 當陳述部分是祈使句時， 反意疑問部分常用 w