狀語從句用法總結(jié)完整

1、狀語從句什么是狀語？ 狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。1. Naturally, our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call.2. We worked hard, from sunrise to sunset.3. To help my disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day 4. Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted.5. I know how to light a camp f

2、ire because I had done it before. 狀語的位置比較靈活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。什么是狀語從句？ 狀語從句指句子用作狀語時，起副詞作用的句子。它可以修飾謂語、非謂語動詞、定語、 狀語或整個句子。狀語從句一般由連詞（從屬連詞 ）引導(dǎo)，也可以由詞組引起。根據(jù)其作用狀語從句可分為：1. 時間狀語從句2. 地點狀語從句3. 原因狀語從句4. 條件狀語從句5. 目的狀語從句6. 讓步狀語從句7. 比較狀語從句8. 方式狀語從句9. 結(jié)果狀語從句狀語從句的時態(tài)特點一般情況下，時間和條件狀語從句的謂語動詞一般用 “一般現(xiàn)在時 ”表示“一般將來 時”，用“現(xiàn)在完成時 ”表示“

3、將來完成時 ”。I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home.If he comes back, please let me know.1時間狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引導(dǎo)詞： the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day ，the instant,

4、immediately , directly, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely whenI didntrealize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard（ 果園 ）, the moment they saw the guardNo sooner had I arrived home, then it began t

5、o rain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.表示一就除 as soon as 外，還有三類：名詞型 the moment, the minute, the second, the instant ； 副詞型 immediately, directly, instantly ；句式型no sooner than ,hardly/scarcelywhen The moment I saw him, I fell in love with him.I came immediately you called. 你一給我打電

6、話，我就馬上來。I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. 我一到家，就開始下雨。【注意】如果 hardly, scarcely 或 no sooner 置于句首，句子必須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 在時間狀語從句中，不能用一般將來時、過去將來時態(tài)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r，而要用相應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn) 在時態(tài)、一般過去時或現(xiàn)在完成時來代替。When, while, as（ 一邊

7、. 一邊 .）, after, before, as soon as, since, till /until, time（ 到。為止 , 所在句子的主句應(yīng)用完成時 ）Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day. when, while 和 as 的區(qū)別when 引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞可以是延

8、續(xù)性的動詞，又可以是瞬時動詞。并且有時表示 就在那時 ”，when = and then; at that moment。When she came in, I stopped eating.When I lived in the countryside， I used to carry some water for him.We were about to leave when he came in.While 引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性的，并強調(diào)主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生 （或者相對應(yīng)）。并且 while 有時還可以表示對比。While my wife was reading the

9、newspaper， I was watching TV.I like playing football while you like playing basketball.As表示 一邊一邊”，as引導(dǎo)的動作是延續(xù)性的動作，一般用于主句和從句動作 同時發(fā)生； as 也可以強調(diào) “一先一后。We always sing as we walk.As we was going out， it began to snow.before 和 after 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句before 的本意為 “在 之前”，根據(jù)具體語境還可理解為 “還沒來得及 /還沒有 就 著還沒就 ，不知不覺就 ， 才”等。Aft

10、er 表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。It will be four days before they come back.Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.by thewhen，趁My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.They had not been married four months before they were divorced.After you think it over, please let me know what you

11、 decide.After we had finished the work, we went home.till 或 until 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句till 和 until 一般情況下兩者可以互換，但是在強調(diào)句型中多用 until 。 如果主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞時，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù) 性動詞時，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表達的意思不同。I didnt go to bed until （ till ） my father came back.It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me

12、 English.I worked until he came back. 我工作到他回來為止。I didnt work until he came back. 他回來我這才開始工作。由 since 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。since 引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞，又可以是瞬時動詞。一般情況下， 從句謂語動詞用一般過去時，而主句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。但在 It is 時間 sinc e 從句的句型中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時。I have been in Beijing since you left.Where have you been since I last saw you?It is

13、 four years since my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。It is five months since our boss was in Beijing. 我們老板離開北京有五個月了。2地點狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： where特殊引導(dǎo)詞： wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.句型 1： Where 地點從句，（

14、 there ）主句。Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed. You should have put the book where you found it.Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated. 句型 2： Anywhere/ wherever 地點從句，主句。Wh

15、erever the sea is, you will find seamen.3原因狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： because, since, as, for特殊引導(dǎo)詞： seeing that（ 由于，鑒于 ）, now that（ 既然 ）, in that, considering that（ 考 慮到 ）, given that（ 考慮到 ）.My friends dislike me because I mhandsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, let sbegin our conference.Considering t

16、hat he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quiteremarkable.Seeing that you reilready at the door, I suppose I must in vite you in side.Considering he snly sixteen year old, he is not fit for the job.Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career fo

17、r her. because, since, as, for 辨析1） because語勢最強，用來說明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的問題。當(dāng)原因是顯而易見的或已為人們所知，就用as或since。I didn tgo, because I was afraid.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.2） 由because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末，且前面有逗號，則可以用for來代替。但如果不是說明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for。He is absent today, becaus e / for

18、 he is ill.He must be ill, for he is absent today.3）as和for的區(qū)別：通常情況下，as引導(dǎo)的從句在主句前，for引導(dǎo)的從句在主句后。As the weather is cold, I stay at home.（同義句）I stay at home, for the weather is cold.4. 目的狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：so that, inorder that特殊弓丨導(dǎo)詞：lest, in case, for fearthat,inthe hopethat, forthepurpose that,to the end thatTh

19、eboss askedthe secretaryto hurry up with the lettersso thathecouldsign them.Theteacher raised his voiceon purposethatthestudentsin the backcouldhear more clearly.5. 結(jié)果狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： sothat, suchthat,特殊弓丨導(dǎo)詞： such that, to the degree that, to the extent that,to such a degree that,（such是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so是副詞

20、，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。）He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It such a good chanee that we must not miss it.To such a degree was he excited that he couldn t sleep last night.6. 條件狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：if, unless,特殊引導(dǎo)詞： as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in ca se that, on condition

21、thatWell start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. 條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句一樣，從句的謂語動詞不能用一般將來時態(tài)、過去將來時態(tài) 或?qū)硗瓿蓵r，而要用相應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時來替代。Tell me in case you get into difficulty.Supposin

22、g he does not come, shall we go without him?7讓步狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： though, although, even if, even though特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as（用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝）,while （ 一般用在句首），nomatter ， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, when ever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal.The old

23、man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.as, though 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句as / though 引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須表語或狀語提前 （形容詞、副詞、分詞、實義動詞提前）Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the r

24、ight thing to do.注意：a. 句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。b. 句首是實義動詞，其他助動詞放在主語后。如果實義動詞有賓語和狀語，隨實 義動詞一起放在主語之前。Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.=Thoughhe trieshard, he never seemsnomatterwho =whoevernomatterwhen =whenevernomatterwherewherevernomatterwhichwhichevernomatterhow =however注意：

25、no matter 不能引導(dǎo)主語從句和賓語從句。（錯） No matter what you say is of no use now.（對） Whatever you say is of no use now.（錯） Prisoners have to eat no matter what theyregiven, （對） Prisoners have to eat whatever theyregiven.8比較狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：as(同級比較)，than(不同程度的比較 )特殊引導(dǎo)詞： the more the more ;just as , so ;A is to BX is to

26、Y; no more than; not A so much as BShe is as bad-tempered as her mother.The more you exercise， the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine.no more than 只不過 (嫌少的意思 )not more than 不如。 (前者不如后者 )I have no more than two pens.It nso more than a mile to the shops.Jack is not more dilige

27、nt than John.one of the +名詞(復(fù)數(shù)).之一(用于最高級)Han Mei is one of the best students in our school.9方式狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞： as, (just) asso，as if/though(”正如,就像) 特殊引導(dǎo)詞： the wayWhen in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us. as if,

28、as though兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反，有 時也用陳述語氣，表示所說情況是事實或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大。漢譯常作仿佛好像似的 They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.狀語從句的省略狀語從句同時具備下列兩個條件 : 主句和從句的主語一致，或從句主語為it; 從句主要動詞是be 的某種形式。從句中的主語和 be 動詞?？墒÷浴hen ( the

29、 museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the xt year .Hell go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible. 另外，比較狀語從句經(jīng)常省略。Imtaller than he (is tall ).The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ).狀語從句的 省略 現(xiàn)象常存在于以下五種狀語從句中 :what /as似的 ，public ne由 if, unless 等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語

30、從句 ;由 although, though, even if / though 等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句 ; 由 when, while, as, before, after, until / till 等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句 由 as, as if 等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句 ; 由 as, than 等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句。 下面針對這五種情形作歸納。(1)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語是it,且謂語動詞是be時,it和be要完全簡化掉。If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.You must attend the meeting unless (it(2) 當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時 于以下幾種情形 :a連詞+形容詞As (he was) young, he learned how to Whenever (she is) free, s