OECD公司治理準則partII(中英文對照

1、OECD公司治理準則I. 確保有效的公司治理框架基礎 Ensure the basis for Effective Corporate Governance公司治理框架應當提升透明、有效的市場，遵循法治原則，明確規(guī)定不同的監(jiān)管、管理及執(zhí)行權力之間的責任劃分。The corporate governance framework should promote transparent and efficient markets, be consistent with the rule of law and clearly articulate the division of responsibili

2、ties among different supervisory, regulatory and enforcement authoritiesA、 公司治理結構的發(fā)展應當著眼于其對經濟的全面發(fā)展、市場的統(tǒng)一、為市場參與者所創(chuàng)造的動力和推動透明有效的市場的影響上。The corporate governance framework should be developed with a view to its impact on overall economic performance, market integrity and the incentives it creates for mar

3、ket participants and the promotion of transparent and efficient markets.B、 在一法域內，影響公司治理實踐的法律和規(guī)章要求應當符合法治原則，且是透明的、可執(zhí)行的。 The legal and regulatory requirements that affect corporate governance practices in a jurisdiction should be consistent with the rule of law, transparent and enforceableC、 在一法域內，不同權力

4、之間的職責劃分應當予以明確規(guī)定，且應確保服務于公共利益。The division of responsibilities among different authorities in a jurisdiction should be clearly articulated and ensure that the public interest is servedD、 監(jiān)管、管理及執(zhí)行機關應當具有威信、正直性及智識，以專業(yè)的、客觀的方式履行職責，而且他們的管控應當是及時的、透明的、且是經充分解釋的。II. 股東的權利及主要的所有者權能 The rights of shareholders and

5、 key ownership functions公司治理框架應當能夠保護并便利于股東權利的行使The corporate governance framework should protect and facilitate the exercise of shareholders rightA、 股東的基本權利應當包括有權：（1）獲得股權登記方法；（2）轉讓或者過戶股份；（3）及時定期地獲得公司相關的、實質的信息；（4）參加股東大會并投票；（5）選舉或者撤換董事會成員；及（6）分享公司利潤。 Basic shareholder rights should include the right t

6、o : （1）secure methods of ownership registration; （2）convey or transfer shares; （3）obtain relevant and material information on the corporation on a timely and regular basis; （4）participate and vote in general shareholder meetings; （5）elect and remove members of the board; （6）share in the profits of t

7、he corporationB、 股東有權參與且應被充分通知關于公司變更的決定，諸如：（1）對設立協(xié)議、公司章程或類似的公司管控文件的修改；（2）追加股本的授權；（3）實質上導致了出售公司的特殊交易，包括全部的或者是基本上全部的資產轉讓Shareholders should have the right to participate in, and to be sufficiently informed on, decisions concerning fundamental corporate changes such as: （1）amendments to the statutes, o

8、r articles of incorporation or similar governing documents of the company; （2）the authorization of additional shares; and （3）extraordinary transactions, including the transfer of all or substantially all assets, that in effect result in the sale of the company.C、 股東應有機會有效地參與股東大會，并進行投票，且應獲得包括投票程序在內的股

9、東大會規(guī)則的通知： Shareholders should have the opportunity to participate effectively and vote in general shareholder meetings and should be informed of the rules, including voting procedures that govern general shareholder meetings:1. 股東應當知悉關于股東大會的日期、地點和議程的充分而適時的通知，及有關股東大會決議事項的完整而及時的信息。 Shareholders should

10、 be furnished with sufficient and timely information concerning the date, location and agenda of general meetings, as well as full and timely information regarding the issues to be decided at the meeting2. 股東應有機會在合理范圍內：向董事會問詢包括年度外部審計在內的問題、確定股東大會的議題，提議決議事項。 Shareholders should have the opportunity to

11、 ask questions to the board including questions relating to the annual external audit, to place items on the agenda of general meetings, and to propose resolutions, subject to reasonable limitations3. 應當促進股東有效地參與重要的公司治理決策，比如任命和選舉董事會成員。股東應能使他們的意見反映在董事會成員及高管人員的薪酬政策上。對董事會成員及雇員的股權補償計劃應當經過股東批準。 Effective

12、 shareholder participation in key corporate governance decisions, such as the nomination and election of board members, should be facilitated. Shareholders should be able to make their views known on the remuneration policy for board members and key executives. The equity component of compensation s

13、chemes for board members and employees should be subject to shareholder approval4. 股東可以親自投票，或者缺席投票。不管是親自投票或者是缺席投票，都應給與同等效果Shareholders should be able to vote in person or in absentia, and equal effect should be given to votes whether cast in person or in absentiaD、 應當披露使得特定股東擁有與其股權不成比例的控制力的資本結構及其安排。

14、Capital structure and arrangements that enable certain shareholders to obtain a degree of control disproportionate to their equity ownership should be disclosedE、 應當允許公司控制權市場能夠以有效的、透明的方式運行Markets for corporate control should be allowed to function in an efficient and transparent manner.1. 在資本市場中，規(guī)范控

15、制權收購及諸如公司合并、出售公司資產實質部分的特殊交易的規(guī)則和程序應當予以明確規(guī)定和披露，使得投資者能夠理解他們的權利和應對方法。應當在價格透明條件公平的情況下進行交易，以保護所有股東依其類別所應享有的權利The rule and procedures governing the acquisition of corporate control in the capital markets, and extraordinary transactions such as mergers, and sales of substantial portions of corporate assets,

16、 should be clearly articulated and disclosed so that investor understand their rights and recourse. Transactions should occur at transparent prices and under fair conditions that protect the rights of all shareholders according to their class2. 反收購機制不能用來掩蓋經理層和董事會的責任Anti-take-over devices should not

17、be used to shield management and the board from accountabilityF、 應當推動包括機構投資者在內的所有股東行使其所有者權利The exercise of ownership rights by all shareholders, including institutional investors, should be facilitated1. 作為受托人的機構投資者應當披露關于他們的投資的全部公司治理及投票策略，包括決定行使投票權的適當程序Institutional investors acting in a fiduciary c

18、apacity should disclose their overall corporate governance and voting policies with respect to their investments, including the procedures that they have in place for deciding on the use of their voting rights2. 作為受托人的機構投資者應當披露他們是如何處理實質性的利益沖突，該利益沖突可能會影響到涉及他們的投資的所有者權利的行使Institutional investors acting

19、 in a fiduciary capacity should disclose how they manage material conflict of interest that may affect the exercise of key ownership rights regarding their investments.G、 應當允許包括機構投資者在內的股東們就根據本原則所定義的基本股東權利進行相互征詢，遵循例外規(guī)則以防止濫權Shareholders, including institutional shareholders, should be allowed to consu

20、lt with each other on issues concerning their basic shareholder right as defined in the principles, subject to exceptions to prevent abuseIII. 股東的平等待遇The equitable treatment of shareholders公司治理框架應當保證所有股東的平等待遇，包括小股東和外國股東。對于侵害他們權利的行為，所有股東應有機會獲得救濟The corporate governance framework should ensure the equ

21、itable treatment of all shareholders, including minority and foreign shareholders. All shareholders should have the opportunity to obtain effective redress for violation of their rights.A、 對于同一類別的股東應當予以平等對待All shareholders of the same series of a class should be treated equally1. 同一類別的所有股份享有同樣的權利。在購

22、買股份之前，所有的投資者應能獲得所有類別股份上的權利的信息。投票權的任何變化應當由受到不利影響的類別股東的批準Within any series of a class, all shares should carry the same rights. All investors should be able to obtain information about the rights attached to all series and classes of shares before they purchase. Any changes in voting right should be s

23、ubject to approval by those classes of shares which are negatively affected.2. 小股東應當受到保護，以免受由控股股東或是為了控股股東利益而直接或間接采取的濫權行為，且應有有效的救濟途徑Minority shareholders should be protected from abusive action by, or in the interest of , controlling shareholders acting either directly or indirectly, and should have

24、effective means of redress3. 由存管人或者名義所有人進行的投票應當獲得股份的實質所有人的同意Votes should be cast by custodians or nominees in a manner agreed upon with the beneficial owner of the shares4. 應當消除對跨境投票的限制Impediments to cross border voting should be eliminated 5. 股東大會的手續(xù)和程序應平等地對待所有的股東。公司的相關程序不能使得投票變得不適當地困難或者成本高昂Process

25、es and procedures for general shareholder meetings should allow for equitable treatment of all shareholders. Company procedures should not make it unduly difficult or expensive to cast votesB、 應當禁止內幕交易以及濫用自我交易Insider trading and abusive self-dealing should be prohibitedC、 董事會成員及高管人員應被要求向董事會披露，在直接影響到

26、公司的任何交易或者事件中，其是否具有實質性利益，不管是直接地、間接地或者是代表第三方Members of the board and key executives should be required to disclose to the board whether they , directly, indirectly or on behalf of 3ed parties, have a material interest in any transaction or matter directily affecting the corporationIV. 股東在公司治理中的角色The r

27、ole of stakeholders in corporate governance公司治理框架應當承認由法律或者共同協(xié)議中所確立的股東權利。在創(chuàng)造財富、就業(yè)及財務狀態(tài)良好的企業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展上，鼓勵公司和股東進行積極的合作The corporate governance framework should recognize the right of stakeholders established by law or through mutual agreements and encourage active co-operation between corporations and sta

28、keholders in creating wealth, jobs and the sustainability of financially sound enterprisesA、 應當尊重由法律或者通過共同協(xié)議所確立的股東權利The right of stakeholders that are established by law or through mutual agreements are to be respectedB、 只要股東的利益受到法律保護，股東就應有機會獲得對侵害其權利的有效救濟Where stakeholder interests are protected by

29、law, stakeholders should have the opportunity to obtain effective redress for violation of their rightsC、 應當允許發(fā)展提高員工參與程度的機制Performance-enhancing mechanisms for employee participation should be permitted to developD、 只要股東參與公司治理進程，他們就應能及時地、定期地獲得相關的、充分的和可靠的信息Where stakeholders participate in the corpor

30、ate governance process they should have access to relevant, sufficient and reliable information on a timely and regular basisE、 股東，包括個體雇員及他們的代表者，應當能夠就董事會的違法的或者是不道德的行為進行自由地溝通，而且他們的權利不能因此而受有減損Stakeholders, including individual employees and their representative bodies, should be able to freely communi

31、cate their concerns about illegal or unethical practices to the board and their rights should not be compromised for doing thisF、 公司治理框架應以有效的破產機制和有效的債權執(zhí)行機制為補充The corporate governance framework should be complemented by an effective efficient insolvency framework and by effective enforcement of credi

32、tor rightsV. 信息披露及透明度Disclosure and Transparency公司治理框架應當確保及時準確的信息披露是在所有的有關公司的實質性問題的基礎上作出的，這些問題包括公司的財務狀況、經營狀況、股權結構及公司治理The corporate governance framework should be ensure that timely and accurate disclosure is made on all material matters regarding the corporation, including the financial situation,

33、performance, ownership and governance of the companyA、 信息披露應當包括但不限于如下事項的實質性信息:1. 公司的財務及經營效果The financial and operating results of the company2. 公司目標Company objectives3. 大股東及其投票權Major share ownership and voting right4. 董事會及高管人員的薪酬政策及董事會成員的相關信息，包括選任資格、選舉程序、兼任其他公司董事及是否被董事會認為是獨立的Remuneration policy for

34、members of the board and key executives, and information about board members, including their qualifications, the selection process, other company directorships and whether they are regarded as independent by the board5. 關聯(lián)方交易Related party transactions6. 可預見的風險因素Foreseeable risk factors7. 涉及雇員及其他利益相

35、關者的事項Issues regarding employees and other stakeholders8. 公司治理結構及政策，尤其是關于公司治理標準或政策內容及其實施程序Governance structures and policies, in particular, the content of any corporate governance code or policy and the process by which it is implementedB、 應當依照會計的、財務的及非財務的高質量的披露標準來準備并披露信息Information should be prepar

36、ed and disclosed in accordance with high quality standards of accounting and financial and non-financial disclosureC、 年度審計應當由獨立的、合格、符合條件的審計人員來進行，以向董事會及股東提供一種外部的、客觀的確信，確信公司財務報告準確地反映了公司在所有重要領域的財務狀況和經營狀況An annual audit should be conducted by an independent, competent and qualified, auditor in order to

37、provide an external and objective assurance to the board and shareholders that the financial statement fairly represents the financial position and performance of the companyD、 外部審計人員應當向股東負責，在審計時應對公司負有審慎的、專業(yè)的注意義務External auditors should be accountable to the shareholders and owe a duty to the compan

38、y to exercise due professional care in the conduct of the auditE、 信息發(fā)布渠道應能使得相關的信息需求者能夠平等地、及時地、低成本地獲得信息Channels for disseminating information should provide for equal, timely and cost-efficient access to relevant information by users.F、 公司治理框架應當輔之以一種有效的方式，來處理并推動分析師、經紀商、評級機構及其他機構提供分析或者建議，所提供的分析或建議與投資者

39、的決策相關，不存在著可能會減損他們分析或者建議的真實性的實質性利益沖突The corporate governance framework should be complemented by an effective approach that addresses and promotes the provision of analysis or advice by analysts, broker, rating agencies and others, that is relevant to decisions by investors, free from material confli

40、cts of interest that might compromise the integrity of their analysis or advice.VI. 董事責任The responsibilities of the board公司治理框架應當確保公司的戰(zhàn)略導向、董事會對經理層的有效監(jiān)督及董事對公司和股東所負有的責任The corporate governance framework should ensure the strategic guidance of the company, the effective monitoring of management by the

41、board, and the boards accountability to the company and the shareholdersA、 董事會成員應當具備相當的智識，善意的、審慎的、注意的、以公司及股東的最大利益行動Board members should act on a fully informed basis, in good faith, with due diligence and care and in the best interest of the company and the shareholdersB、 當董事會的決定可能會對不同的股東群體產生不同的影響，董

42、事會應當公平地對待所有的股東Where board decisions may affect different shareholder groups differently the board should treat all shareholders fairlyC、 董事會應當適用高尚的倫理標準，應當重視股東的利益The board should apply high ethical standard. It should take into account the interests of stakeholdersD、 董事會應當承擔一些重要職責，包括:The board should

43、 fulfill certain key functions including:1. 評議并引導公司戰(zhàn)略，重大行動計劃，風險政策，年度預算及商業(yè)計劃；確定經營目標，監(jiān)督執(zhí)行及公司表現(xiàn)；監(jiān)督資本支出，收購及資產剝離Reviewing and guiding corporate strategy, major plans of action, risk policy annual budgets and business plans; setting performance objectives; monitoring implementation and corporate performan

44、ce; and overseeing major capital expenditures, acquisition and divestitures.2. 監(jiān)督公司治理行動的有效性，在需要時作出調整Monitoring the effectiveness of the companys governance practices and making changes as needed3. 選任、付酬、監(jiān)督及在必要時更換高管人員，監(jiān)督繼任方案Selecting, compensation, monitoring and when necessary, replacing key executi

45、ves and overseeing succession planning4. 將高管人員及董事的薪酬與公司及其股東的更為長遠的利益結合起來Aligning key executive and board remuneration with the longer term interests of the company and its shareholder5. 確保一個正式的、透明的董事任命及選舉程序Ensuring a formal and transparent board nomination and election process6. 監(jiān)視并處理潛在的經理、董事及股東之間的利益

46、沖突，包括濫用公司資產及關聯(lián)方交易中的濫權Monitoring and managing potential conflicts of interest of management, board members and shareholders, including misuse of corporate assets and abuse in related party transactions7. 確保公司會計和包括獨立審計在內的財務報告系統(tǒng)的完整性，確保適當的控制系統(tǒng)能夠適于風險管理、財務及經營控制，符合法律及相關標準Ensuring the integrity of the corporation