名詞性從句[教學(xué)文書]

1、呂雪華2018.3.27 1課堂教育 Can you distinguish THAT- CLAUSE in the two sentences? 1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed. 2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again. 2課堂教育 一，名詞性從句的基本用法一，名詞性從句的基本用法 3課堂教育 His job is important. What he does is important. This is his job. This is what

2、 he does every day. 4課堂教育 I dont like his job. I dont like what he does every day. I dont know about the man, Mr. White. I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher. 5課堂教育 1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy. 2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home. 3. This is _ he wa

3、s often late for school. 4. We all know the truth _ the earth _(move) around the sun. 主語從句主語從句 賓語從句賓語從句 表語從句表語從句 同位語從句同位語從句 That whether why that moves 6課堂教育 1 That he will succeed is certain . 2 Whether he will go there is not known . 3 What he said is not true . 4 Where he hid the money is to be f

4、ound out . 5 Whoever comes is welcome. 6 How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 7 When theyll start the project has not been decided yet. 7課堂教育 That we will succeed is certain . =It is certain that we will succeed 8課堂教育 who will give us a talk is unknown at all. It is not known

5、who will give us a talk. 9課堂教育 賓語賓語從句從句在句中充當(dāng)賓語成分（在句中充當(dāng)賓語成分（ 可以作謂語動(dòng)詞、介可以作謂語動(dòng)詞、介 詞、不定式等非謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語）詞、不定式等非謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語） They know that the habit will kill them. It all depends on whether they will support us . He asked how much I paid for the violin. He made it clear to the public that he did an important and

6、 necessary job . I find it necessary that we should do the homework. Tell the function of the following clauses that, whether，if （ that ?？墒÷裕┏？墒÷裕?who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when where why how 10課堂教育 It all depends on whether you have enough experience. 11課堂教育 I have made it clear that nob

7、ody is allowed to smke here 12課堂教育 當(dāng)當(dāng)whether后緊跟后緊跟or/or not時(shí)時(shí),不用不用if. I dont know whether or not I will stay 介詞介詞后面的賓語從句不能用后面的賓語從句不能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her feeling. 1.Whether和和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句 13課堂教育 I dont know whether or not I will stay 14課堂教育 I worry about whether I hurt her fee

8、ling. 15課堂教育 在在主主+謂謂+it(形式賓語形式賓語)+賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)+that從句從句(真正真正 賓語賓語) 的句型中的句型中不省略不省略 We must make it clear that we mean what we say. 由連詞由連詞and連接的兩個(gè)由連接的兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) 的賓語從句中的賓語從句中,第二個(gè)第二個(gè)that 不省略不省略. He told me（ that） he would come and that he would come on time. 16課堂教育 a .a .他相信他的夢想總有一天會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的他相信他的夢想總有一天會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的. . He be

9、lieves _ . b .b .請告訴我你昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候在干什么請告訴我你昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候在干什么. . Please tell me _. his dream will come true some day what you were doing at this time yesterday . 如果主句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)如果主句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí),從句謂語從句謂語 可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時(shí)態(tài). 3 17課堂教育 他告訴我他正在為考試做準(zhǔn)備。他告訴我他正在為考試做準(zhǔn)備。 He told me _ . 他說他已離開家鄉(xiāng)十年了。他說他已離開家鄉(xiāng)十年了。 He t

10、old me _. 老師告訴我們光是沿直線運(yùn)行的。老師告訴我們光是沿直線運(yùn)行的。 The teacher told us _. he was preparing for the examination he had been away from his hometown for ten years light travels in a straight line. 如果主句謂語是過去時(shí)如果主句謂語是過去時(shí),從句謂語動(dòng)詞一般用過去的從句謂語動(dòng)詞一般用過去的 某種時(shí)態(tài)某種時(shí)態(tài),但從句表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然規(guī)但從句表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然規(guī) 律等時(shí)，從句謂語通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。律等時(shí)，從句謂

11、語通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 18課堂教育 The question is whether we can rely on him. Thats because we were in need of money at that time . He looked as if he was going to cry . Thats why I was late . 表語從句表語從句: :在句中充當(dāng)表語成分，一般放在連系動(dòng)詞在句中充當(dāng)表語成分，一般放在連系動(dòng)詞 之后之后. . 作用：作用：對主語進(jìn)行解釋說明。對主語進(jìn)行解釋說明。 19課堂教育 The reason why we missed was that

12、 I was late for the appointment . 20課堂教育 1.The reason _ we didnt trust him was _ he often lied 2.The reason _ he gave for his absent was _ he was ill. reason reason 后面的表語從句只能用后面的表語從句只能用that that 引引 導(dǎo)導(dǎo), , 不能用不能用why why 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo), , 但但reasonreason后面的后面的 定語從句可以用定語從句可以用why why 或者或者that that 引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。 why that t

13、ha tthat 注意點(diǎn)注意點(diǎn) 21課堂教育 1.The reason _ we didnt trust him was _ he often lied 2.The reason _ he gave for his absent was _ he was ill. reason reason 后面的表語從句只能用后面的表語從句只能用that that 引引 導(dǎo)導(dǎo), , 不能用不能用why why 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo), , 但但reasonreason后面的后面的 定語從句可以用定語從句可以用why why 或者或者that that 引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。 why that tha tthat 22課堂教育 同位

14、語從句同位語從句在句中充當(dāng)同位語成分，其一般跟在一些抽在句中充當(dāng)同位語成分，其一般跟在一些抽 象名詞（象名詞（ idea ；belief ； fact ； truth ；problem ； news 等）后面，對名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋說明等）后面，對名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋說明. . 同位語從句常用同位語從句常用 that 引導(dǎo)或用連接副詞引導(dǎo)或用連接副詞when / where/why / how / whether 1) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people . 2) Word came that

15、 Napoleon himself was coming to inspect(視察視察) them . 3) Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness. 23課堂教育 Sydney made a promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness. 24課堂教育 Sydney made a prom

16、ise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness. 25課堂教育 一、名詞性從句的語序一、名詞性從句的語序 （1） 名詞性從句構(gòu)成有兩種名詞性從句構(gòu)成有兩種 a. That + 陳述句陳述句 That light travels in straight lines is known to all. This is what we are looking for. b. 疑問詞疑問詞+句子的剩余成分句子的剩余成分 26課堂教育 (2) (2) 疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句要求使用陳

17、述句疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句要求使用陳述句 語序，不能用一般疑問句語序。語序，不能用一般疑問句語序。 How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( ) How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( ) 你能告訴我他住在什么地方嗎？你能告訴我他住在什么地方嗎？ F T T F 他是怎么成功的仍然是個(gè)謎。他是怎么成功的仍然是個(gè)謎。 Could you tell me where he lives? ( ) Could you tell me where does he live? ( ) 27課堂教育 二、名詞性從句連接

18、詞的選用二、名詞性從句連接詞的選用 （1 1）that that 和和what what 的選用的選用 that that 和和 what what 都可引導(dǎo)所有的名詞從句。都可引導(dǎo)所有的名詞從句。 但是，但是，whatwhat除起連接作用外，還在名除起連接作用外，還在名 詞性從句中充當(dāng)成分，可做從句的主詞性從句中充當(dāng)成分，可做從句的主 語、賓語、或表語。而語、賓語、或表語。而thatthat在名詞性從在名詞性從 句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用。 28課堂教育 that / whatthat / what 1._ he wants is a book. 2.

19、_ he wants to go there is obvious. 3.The result is _ we won the game. 4.This is _ we want to know. 5.Is _ he told us true ? 6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying. 7. I have no doubt _ he will come. 8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon. What That that what what what that what 29課堂

20、教育 a. a. 主語從句主語從句 b. b. 表語從句表語從句 c. c. 同位語從句同位語從句 e. e. 介詞后的賓語從句介詞后的賓語從句 f. whether to do f. whether to do 做動(dòng)詞賓語不能用做動(dòng)詞賓語不能用if to if to do.do. g whether or not g whether or not 連在一起引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)連在一起引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí) 不用不用if.if. 不能使用if 的情況： 30課堂教育 1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 2._ we will hold a party in the open a

21、ir tomorrow depends on the weather. 3. Were worried about _ he is safe. 4. I dont know _ he is well or not. 5. I dont know _ or not he is well. 6. The question is _ he should do it. 7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon. 8. I dont know _ to go. if / whether Whet

22、her whether whether whether whether whether whether 31課堂教育 （3）其它）其它連接代詞和副詞的連接代詞和副詞的 連用連用 主要根據(jù)名詞性從句中的具體意義主要根據(jù)名詞性從句中的具體意義, , 正確的正確的選擇選擇who、which、when、where、 why、 how 等連接詞，這些連接詞既等連接詞，這些連接詞既 具有疑問含義，又起連接作用，同時(shí)具有疑問含義，又起連接作用，同時(shí) 在從句中充當(dāng)各種成分。在從句中充當(dāng)各種成分。 32課堂教育 我們何時(shí)舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)還沒有決定。我們何時(shí)舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)還沒有決定。 _ we shall hold our

23、 sports meeting is not decided. 我不知道昨天誰打破了玻璃。我不知道昨天誰打破了玻璃。 I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday. 我不知道他長的什么樣子。我不知道他長的什么樣子。 I have no idea _ he looks like. 這就是我忘記眼鏡的地方。這就是我忘記眼鏡的地方。 This is _ I left my glasses. When who what where 33課堂教育 that that 可省略的情況：可省略的情況： thatthat不可省略的情況：不可省略的情況： 主語從句主語從句 表語從

24、句表語從句 同位語從句同位語從句 用用it做形式賓語的賓語從句做形式賓語的賓語從句 并列的賓語從句中的后幾個(gè)從句的并列的賓語從句中的后幾個(gè)從句的 引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞that 不能省略不能省略 單個(gè)賓語從句中的單個(gè)賓語從句中的that可省略可省略 34課堂教育 1.I dont think _ she is coming. 2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake. 3.The reason is _ he is careless . 4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us. 5.I dont thi

25、nk it necessary _ you should read English aloud. 6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone. (that) that that that that (that) that 35課堂教育 1.1.同位語從句的格式：同位語從句的格式： 2.2.能接同位語從句的名詞有：能接同位語從句的名詞有： 3.3.連接詞通常是連接詞通常是that,that,也可根據(jù)含義選用也可根據(jù)含義選用 n.+ 連接詞連接詞 + 從句從句 order, belief, sugge

26、stion, advice ,information等等 whether, what, when, where 等來引導(dǎo)同位語從句。等來引導(dǎo)同位語從句。 fact、idea, news, 36課堂教育 1. I have no idea _ he comes from. 2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money. 3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise. 4.I have no doubt _ he will win.

27、 5. I have some doubt _ he will win. where how that that whether 37課堂教育 1.1.定語從句是先行詞的修飾語，它不涉及先行詞定語從句是先行詞的修飾語，它不涉及先行詞 的具體內(nèi)容。定語從句中的具體內(nèi)容。定語從句中thatthat不但起連接作用，不但起連接作用， 而且在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)句子成分，充當(dāng)從句而且在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)句子成分，充當(dāng)從句 的賓語成分時(shí)可省略。的賓語成分時(shí)可省略。 2.2.同位語從句對中心詞的內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步的解釋和同位語從句對中心詞的內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步的解釋和 說明，表明中心詞的具體內(nèi)容。引導(dǎo)同位語從句說明，表明中

28、心詞的具體內(nèi)容。引導(dǎo)同位語從句 的的that that 在同位語從句中不做任何成分在同位語從句中不做任何成分, ,只起連接只起連接 作用作用, ,無具體含義無具體含義, ,且不可省略且不可省略. . 38課堂教育 1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed. 2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again. 1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be adm

29、itted into university. 2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value. AT AP AP AT 39課堂教育 He gave me a suggestion that I ( should ) be calm now. 名詞名詞demand, suggestion, proposal, advice 等等詞后的同位語從句的詞后的同位語從句的語氣要用語氣要用虛擬虛擬 語氣語氣, 結(jié)構(gòu)為結(jié)構(gòu)為 should + do, should 可省略可省略 注意點(diǎn)：注意點(diǎn)： 40課堂教育 二，名詞

30、二，名詞性從句性從句 五大常考考點(diǎn)五大?？伎键c(diǎn) 考點(diǎn)一：區(qū)別考點(diǎn)一：區(qū)別that , what與與which 考點(diǎn)二：區(qū)別考點(diǎn)二：區(qū)別whether 與與if 考點(diǎn)三：考點(diǎn)三：it it與與名詞性從句名詞性從句 考點(diǎn)四：區(qū)別考點(diǎn)四：區(qū)別 what, whatever, 與與 no matter what . 考點(diǎn)五：名詞性從句的語序考點(diǎn)五：名詞性從句的語序 41課堂教育 考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1：A:連接詞連接詞that與與what 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 What he said makes me happy. That a new teacher will come is true . that 只起連接作用，無

31、意義，在從句中不充當(dāng)任只起連接作用，無意義，在從句中不充當(dāng)任 何成分何成分,且在賓語從句中有時(shí)可省。且在賓語從句中有時(shí)可省。 what既既起起連接作用連接作用, 又在從句中作又在從句中作主語主語, 賓語賓語,表語表語 (且在名詞性從句中只有且在名詞性從句中只有what可作表語）可作表語） 42課堂教育 1. _ made him fail is _ he was lazy. 2. China is no longer _ it used to be. 3. I work in _ is called the Hometown of Nvwa. 4. We express the hope _t

32、hey will come to visit China again. 5. We all hope _ we will be admitted to university next year, and _ all of our teachers will be healthy and happy forever . What that what what that that that/- 43課堂教育 B : what (什么什么) / which ( 表選擇表選擇, 哪一個(gè)哪一個(gè)) 1. - Do you know _ Mr Blacks 1. - Do you know _ Mr Bla

33、cks address is ?address is ? -He may live at No. 8 or No. 9 of -He may live at No. 8 or No. 9 of Bridge Street. I am not sure of _. Bridge Street. I am not sure of _. 2. I read about it in some book or Internet. 2. I read about it in some book or Internet. Does it matter _ it was? Does it matter _ i

34、t was? what which which What 無范圍；無范圍；Which有范圍有范圍 解析解析 44課堂教育 C : that 引導(dǎo)不同的從句引導(dǎo)不同的從句 Do you know the fact that he won the first prize? Do you know the fact that they were talking about? ( (同從同從) ) ( (定從定從) ) 定語從句是對先行詞起修飾限定作用，而定語從句是對先行詞起修飾限定作用，而 同位語從句則解釋說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容同位語從句則解釋說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容 45課堂教育 考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2. 區(qū)別區(qū)別

35、if與與whether 1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow. 2. I dont know _ or not he is free now. 3. The question is _ this book is worth reading. 4. It depends on _ we will have enough money. 5. _ they can master the grammar matters a lot to their homework. whether/if whether whether whether Whether 46課堂教

36、育 請你歸納請你歸納 a a主語主語從句從句 b b表語表語從句從句 c c同位語同位語從句從句 d d. .介詞介詞后的賓語后的賓語從句從句 e.e.whether or not 直接連用時(shí)不用直接連用時(shí)不用if 只能使用只能使用whether 的情況：的情況： 請你歸納請你歸納 47課堂教育 1. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 2. The argument _ well have a sports meeting remains to be settled. 3. Im thinking about_ they wi

37、ll support us. 4. We didnt know _ or not she was ready. Whether whether whether whether 48課堂教育 1.他犯了那樣一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤真是遺憾。他犯了那樣一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤真是遺憾。 _ is a pity . 2.真奇怪他今天沒有來上學(xué)。真奇怪他今天沒有來上學(xué)。 _ is strange. It is strange thatIt is strange that That he made such a mistake It is a pity thatIt is a pity that 考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) 3 ：it與名詞性從句與名詞

38、性從句 A:it 作形式主語作形式主語 That he was absent from school 49課堂教育 (1) It is 名詞名詞 從句從句 It is a fact that 事實(shí)是事實(shí)是 It is an honor that 非常榮幸非常榮幸 It is common knowledge that 是常識是常識 (2) It is 形容詞形容詞 從句從句 It is natural that 很自然很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是奇怪的是 (3) It is 過去分詞過去分詞 從句從句 It is reported that 據(jù)報(bào)道據(jù)報(bào)道 It has

39、 been proved that 已證實(shí)已證實(shí) It is said that 據(jù)說據(jù)說 (4) It 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞 從句從句 It seems that 似乎似乎 It happened that 碰巧碰巧 It appears that 似乎似乎 50課堂教育 1.It is widely accepted _ the earth goes around the sun. A. while B. that C. if D. for that =That the earths goes around the sun is widely accepted. 51課堂教育 (2)it

40、指代后面從句所敘述的內(nèi)容指代后面從句所敘述的內(nèi)容,常用常用 like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it + if 或或 when從句從句 B:it 作形式賓語作形式賓語 (1) make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that I have made it my habit that I get up before 6:30 everyday . I would appreciate it if you would turn the music down . 52課堂教育 1. I have

41、to make clear that he told a lie. 2. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (2004 ) A. this B. that C. it D. one 3. 他認(rèn)為從現(xiàn)在開始努力學(xué)習(xí)趕上他人是有可能的他認(rèn)為從現(xiàn)在開始努力學(xué)習(xí)趕上他人是有可能的. He thinks it possible _ _ C that he works hard to catch up with others. it 53課堂教育 _ _ 等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句 不含有疑問意義不含有疑問意

42、義，相當(dāng)于名詞后加一個(gè)定語，相當(dāng)于名詞后加一個(gè)定語 從句，從句，_等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句含含 有疑問意義有疑問意義。 請你歸納請你歸納 whoever, whatever Who, what 考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)4.what,whatever,who,whoever Who will take the position isnt decided. 54課堂教育 v1._ was said here must be kept secret. v2._ we need is more time. v3._ has taken away my bag vis unknown. v4._ break

43、s the law v will be punished. Whatever What Who Whoever Anything that Anyone who 55課堂教育 No matter who destroys the forest will be punished.（ ） 解析解析 no matter 只能引導(dǎo)只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句狀語從句， ever既可引導(dǎo)狀語從句又可以引既可引導(dǎo)狀語從句又可以引 導(dǎo)名詞性從句導(dǎo)名詞性從句. no matter who/what與與whoever /whatever Whoever destroys the forest will be punishe

44、d . （ ） 56課堂教育 1.The teacher suggested that we should pay enough attention to reading and writng. 2. Could you tell me where you think the accident happened? 3. Whether you are happy depends on your attitude. 關(guān)聯(lián)詞在從句之首，如有插入語，關(guān)聯(lián)詞在從句之首，如有插入語， 其緊跟在關(guān)聯(lián)詞后，其他一定用其緊跟在關(guān)聯(lián)詞后，其他一定用陳述語序陳述語序 _ 57課堂教育 1.I think it n

45、ecessary _ we have the meeting 2. _ I like best is your handwrting. 3. _ I like the book best is known to everyone. 4. I want to know _ major she will choose between English and Chinese . 5. _ he felt puzzled was _ this problem was hard for him to deal with. 6. He is from _ Chairman Mao was born-Hun

46、an. .請?zhí)顚戇m當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞。請?zhí)顚戇m當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞。 that What which Why where that That 1.先判斷是什么從句先判斷是什么從句 2.若是名詞性從句，若是名詞性從句，“缺什么填什么缺什么填什么” (指從句句型結(jié)構(gòu)與連詞之間的關(guān)系指從句句型結(jié)構(gòu)與連詞之間的關(guān)系) 58課堂教育 1.I think it necessary _ we have the meeting 2. _ I like best is your handwrting. 3. _ I like the book best is known to everyone. 4. I want to kno

47、w _ major she will choose between English and Chinese . 5. _ he felt puzzled was _ this problem was hard for him to deal with. 6. He is from _ Chairman Mao was born-Hunan. .請?zhí)顚戇m當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞。請?zhí)顚戇m當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞。 that What which Why where that That 三 Homework 59課堂教育 劃出從句并判斷從句類型。劃出從句并判斷從句類型。 1. The news that they had won the game soon spread ove