高一英語教案_新人教版必修1_Unit4_Earthquakes_

1、Unit 4Earthquakes【單元導航】Moved by mothers great loveShe had died when the rescuers found her.She was buried by the crushed house.Through gaps of those ruins，we can see her last posture(姿態(tài)).Being on her knees，the upper part of the body was prostrate (趴著的) forward，with her hands on the ground to support

2、 her body.That was something like an ancient who was kowtowing.The rescuers confirmed her death by touching her through the gaps of ruins.They shouted at the ruins again and again，knocked the bricks using the crowbar(鐵棍)，but no response inside.Then the rescuing team went to next building，suddenly th

3、e leader ran back，calling “come here”.He came to the body，stretched his hands under the woman，feeling and touching，then shouted loudly “there is someone，a baby，still living”.Through some efforts，rescuers cleaned up the ruins carefully which blocked her.Under her body lay her baby，who was wrapped in

4、a small red quilt with yellow flowers scattered in red.He was about 3 or 4 months old.Since well protected by mothers body，he was totally safe.He was sleeping on both ears when the rescuer carried him out，and his lovely and peaceful face warmed everyone around him.The doctor along with the rescuing

5、team unfastened the quilt to check if the baby was all right，and he found there was a mobile phone filled in the quilt.The doctor looked at the screen subliminally，a written message was already there: “My dear baby，if you could live，dont forget how much I love you”.As a doctor，he experienced too muc

6、h of parting forever；but at this moment，he wept.The mobile was passed，every person who saw this message shaded tears.Section OneWarming Up and Reading.Leadin1.Who can remember what happened in Yushu，in Qinghai Province in the year 2010? A terrible earthquake broke out there on April 14th.More than 2

7、,200 people were killed.2.Do you know any other natural disasters? tornadoes；typhoons/hurricanes；volcano eruption；drought；floods；etc.3.Can you tell some famous land earthquakes? (1)Pakistan Earthquake：On October 8th,2005，a terrible earthquake which measured 7.6 on the Richter scale happened in Pakis

8、tan，Afghanistan and India.And Pakistan was the most seriousaffected country，in which 38,000 people died,62,000 people injured and 25,000 people were homeless.(2)San Francisco：On October 17,1989，an earthquake measuring 7.1 on the Richter scale struck San Francisco.(3)The Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008.4

9、.Do you know why an earthquake happens? The plates are moving constantly.Sometimes these two plates stop and do not move for years.Then suddenly，they jump and an earthquake happens.As a result of the movement of these plates，west America near the sea has always been a bad place for earthquakes.5.Wha

10、t do you think may happen before an earthquake? Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.Fish jumped out of bowls and ponds.The chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat.The dog barked loudly again and again.People could see bright lights in the sky.速讀課文，回答下列問題1.What happened?2.Whe

11、re did it happen?3.How long did it last?4.Who helped to rescue the trapped people?.精讀課文，回答下列問題1.概括每一部分的大意 Part 1(Para.1)：Before the earthquake，strange things began to happen but no one took any notice of them. Part 2(Paras.23)：The earthquake destroyed the city of Tangshan and shocked the people very

12、 much. Part 3(Para.4)：The army came to help the survivors，bringing hope for a new life.2.True or false? (1)People in Tangshan were warned of the earthquake and didnt go to bed that night.(F) (2)People in Beijing also felt the earthquake.(T) (3)More than 400,000 people were killed in the earthquake.(

13、F) (4)Many rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins during the aftershock.(T) (5)People tried to get fresh water from under the ground in Tangshan.(F)3.完成下列表格Main ideaDetailsSigns beforethe earthquake(Para.1)(1)Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.The wa

14、ter in the wells (2)rose and (3)fell.A (4)smelly gas came out of the cracks.The chickens and even the pigs were too (5)nervous to (6)eat.Mice (7)ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.Fish about (8)jumped out of their bowls and ponds.At about (9)300 a.m. on July 28,1976，people saw (10)brig

15、ht lights in the sky.Damage caused byearthquake(Paras.23)At (11)342 a.m.，the (12)greatest earthquake of the 20th century began.(13)Steam burst from holes in the ground.Hard hills of rock became rivers of (14)dirt.(15)Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.Two (16)dams and most of the bridg

16、es fell.The railway tracks were now (17)useless pieces of (18)steel.(19)Sand now filled the wells instead of water.Water，food，and (20)electricity were hard to get.4.填入正確的數(shù)據(jù) (1)1/3 of the nation felt the earthquake. (2)A huge crack that was 8 kilometres long and 30 metres wide cut across houses，roads

17、 and canals. (3)In 15 terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. (4)2/3 of the people died or were injured during the earthquake. (5)The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. (6)All of the citys hospitals,75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were

18、gone.與同桌討論、理解下列長難句并嘗試翻譯成漢語1.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. 句子結構分析：現(xiàn)在分詞短語looking for places to hide在句中表伴隨，作伴隨狀語。 翻譯：老鼠從地里跑出來找地方藏身。2.It seemed as if the world was at an end! 句子結構分析：It seemed as if是固定句型結構，意為“看起來像是”。 翻譯：看起來像是到了世界末日！3.Water, food，and electricity were hard to get.

19、句子結構分析：本句的結構是：主語beadj.to do，其中to do用主動形式表示被動 含義。 翻譯：水、電和食物都很難弄到。4.All hope was not lost. 句子結構分析： all 與not 連用表示部分否定。 翻譯：并不是所有的希望都破滅了。.根據(jù)下列提示復述課文signdamagerescue | before.during.after. Section TwoLanguage Points1. In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在農(nóng)家大院里， 雞甚至是豬都緊張

20、得不想進食。 He is too excited to speak. 他太激動了，說不出話來。 They reached the station too late to catch the train. 他們到火車站太遲了，沒趕上火車。 以上句式用了too.to結構，意思為“太而不能”，表示否定意義。但是當 too.to.用來修飾表示態(tài)度、情緒、傾向等的形容詞時，如anxious，eager，glad，happy， pleased，ready，willing等，不定式為肯定意義。 He remarked he was too delighted to visit our city. 他說他很高

21、興訪問我市。 (1)這個箱子太重，提不起來。 The box is too heavy to lift. (2)老師們很樂意接受對他們的教學方法提出的建議。 Teachers are too glad to accept the suggestions on their teaching method.2. In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市內(nèi)，有些建筑物里的 水管爆裂了。 He felt he would burst with anger and shame. 他惱羞成怒，都要氣炸了。 The

22、dam burst under the weight of water. 大壩在水的巨大壓力下潰決了。 He burst into the room without knocking. 他沒敲門就闖進了屋子。 The sun burst through the clouds. 太陽破云而出。 The words burst from her in an angry rush. 她脫口說出了那一堆氣話。 There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房間突然爆發(fā)出一陣笑聲。 burst既是名詞也是動詞，意為“爆炸；猛沖；爆發(fā)；突然出現(xiàn)”。 b

23、urst into突然闖入，突然起來，后接名詞 burst into tears/laughter突然哭/笑起來 burst into a room(闖)進房間 burst out突然開始，后接v.ing形式；(戰(zhàn)爭、疾病等)突然發(fā)生(break out) burst out crying/laughing突然哭/笑起來 burst in突然插嘴，打斷談話；突然來到 (1)He suddenly burst into tears/burst out crying (哭了起來). (2)The audience burst into cheers/burst out cheering (爆發(fā)了一

24、陣歡呼聲). (3)The war burst out/broke out (爆發(fā)).3. It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！ You look/looked as if you had seen a ghost. 你的神色看起來像撞到鬼了。 He looks as if he were an artist. 看上去他好像是個藝術家似的。 She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America. 她講英語很流利，就像在美國學習過似的。 It s

25、eems as if its going to rain. 看起來好像要下雨了。 It seemed as if he wasnt satisfied with your work. 看來他好像對你的工作不滿意。 as if系從屬連詞，意為“好像”。根據(jù)情況，as if從句中可使用真實語氣，如例句， 表示事實如此；從句也可用虛擬語氣，如例句，表示事實并非如此。as if從句表示 的動作如果指現(xiàn)在的動作，從句的謂語用一般過去時(be用were)；如果表示過去的動作， 從句中用過去完成時；如果指將來，則用would動詞原形。 as if從句的主語如果和主句的主語一致，同時從句的謂語中含有be的某種

26、形式，這時可以 把從句的主語和be省去，后面保留介詞短語、分詞短語或不定式短語等形式。 He shook his head as if to say “No”.他搖了搖頭，似乎想說“不”。 When he had finished，he waited as if for a reply. 講完后，他等著，仿佛在等一個答復。 He looked around as if for help. 他環(huán)視四周，好像在尋求幫助。 (1)It seems as if she the novel but in fact shes never heard of it at all.A.had read B.ha

27、s readC.read D.would read答案A (2)The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if whether he was going in the right direction.A.seeing B.having seenC.to see D.to have seen答案C (3)Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it yesterday.A.was happening B.happensC.has happened D.happened答案D4. Twothird

28、s of them died or were injured during the earthquake.三分之二的人在地震中受 傷或死去。 I was injured in a street accident. 我在一次車禍中受了傷。 John fell off the tree and injured his back. 約翰從樹上摔下來把背部摔傷了。 injure，詞性為動詞，意為“損害，傷害”。 injury n.傷害，損傷 injured adj.受傷的 the injured受傷的人；傷員(表示一類人) injure，hurt，wound，harm (1)injure多指造成容顏、

29、機能的損害；在事故中受傷。 (2)hurt一般指精神上或肉體上受到傷害，有強烈的疼痛感。 (3)wound指(人)在戰(zhàn)斗、攻擊中受傷。 (4)harm常用于口語，一般用作及物動詞，表示“對有害/損害”。 吸煙太多會損害你的健康。 You will harm your health by smoking too much.5. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒內(nèi)，一座大城市就淪為了 廢墟。 He wanted to become a doctor but his mothers death was the

30、ruin of his hope. 他想當醫(yī)生，但他母親的死使他的希望破滅了。 She poured water over my painting and ruined it. 她把水澆在我的畫上，將畫毀掉了。 We visited the ruins of the temple. 我們參觀了那個廟宇的遺跡。 The castle is now in ruins. 城堡現(xiàn)在已成廢墟。 ruin動詞或名詞，意為“毀滅，毀壞”，其復數(shù)形式ruins意為“廢墟，遺跡”，in ruins 意為“成為廢墟”。 bring sb. to ruin毀滅某人 come/go to ruin毀滅 The fir

31、e left the temple . A.ruin B.in ruin C.ruins D.in ruins 答案D6. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.所見之處，幾乎一切都被毀了。 His dog follows him everywhere he goes. 無論到哪里，他那條狗總跟著他。 I cant find my pen though Ive looked everywhere. 我到處找那支鋼筆，可就是找不到。 Everywhere seemed silent. 萬籟俱寂。 Fire destroyed

32、 the forest. 大火燒毀了森林。 The heavy storms destroyed a good part of our crops. 幾場暴雨把大部分莊稼都毀壞了。 在例中，everywhere用作連詞，引導狀語從句，意為“無論何處”；在例中詞性是副 詞，意為“到處，處處”，在例中詞性是名詞，意為“每個地方”。在例中， destroy詞性是動詞，意為“破壞，毀壞，消滅”。 destroy，damage，ruin (1)destroy指徹底的損壞，常含不能或很難修復的意思。destroy可接人，也可以接物。 (2)damage損壞，毀壞，指部分損壞，降低某物的價值。damage通

33、常接物。 (3)ruin一般指對物體或生命徹底的破壞，但往往是非暴力的，也不是一次打擊的結果。常 指對美好的或希望中的事物的破壞。 用destroy，damage，ruin的適當形式填空 (1)What left the town in ruins? (2)The fire destroyed their houses and they became homeless. (3)The fire did great damage to the town.7. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有

34、些醫(yī)生和營救人 員被困在了廢墟下。 The lifeboat was sent out to rescue the sailors from the sinking ship. 救生艇被派出去救沉船上的水手。 The rescue team came to the visitors rescue on the island. 救援隊去營救島上的游客。 The car was trapped in the deep snow. 車陷在深雪中了。 I was trapped into signing a confession. 我被誘騙在供詞上簽了字。 rescue，名詞或動詞，意為“營救”，re

35、scue sb.from.意為“從中把人救出來”； the rescue team意為“救援隊”；come/go to sb.s rescue意為“營救某人”。be trapped in/ by.意為“困在中”；trap o doing sth./sth.意為“誘騙某人做某事”。 be caught inbe stuck inbe trapped in均意為“困在中”。 (1)The soldiers have tried to go to rescue in the lake.A.the boy B.theirC.the D.the boys答案D (2)The girl cri

36、ed because she the elevator.A.has trapped in B.had trapped byC.was trapped with D.was trapped in 答案D8. All hope was not lost.并不是所有的希望都破滅了。 Not all the answers are right. All the answers are not right. 并非所有的答案都對。 Not every boy likes football. Every boy does not like football. 并不是每個男孩都喜歡足球。 Both of th

37、em dont like English. 他們倆并不都喜歡英語。 以上例句在意義上都表示部分否定，譯為“并不是所有的都；兩者不都”；其構 成條件是notall/every/both.或all/every/both.not。 “all，every，both等全肯定詞not謂語動詞”或“notall，every，both等全肯定詞 謂語動詞”構成部分否定。所謂全肯定詞，是指含有全體意義的代詞與副詞，常見的有： all，both，always，every(everybody，everyone，everything，everywhere)等。如果表示全 部否定，要分別用none，neither，ne

38、ver，no，nobody，nothing，nowhere。 Neither of them is doctors.他們倆都不是醫(yī)生。 No boy likes football. 沒有一個男孩喜歡足球。 (1)All men here are not honest. 這兒的人并非都誠實。 (2)Both of the brothers dont like the film. 兄弟倆并不都喜歡這部電影。 (3)Not everything went well with him.他并非每件事情都順利。 (4)I never get up late.我從不晚起床。 (5)None of my fr

39、iends smoke. 我的朋友都不吸煙。 (6)Nothing is needed.什么都不需要。9 To the north of the city，most of the 10，000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there.在城市的北部，有一個有萬名礦工的煤礦，其中多數(shù)人得救了。 To the south of the mountain，there is a river.在山的南面有一條河。 To the east of the village lies a factory.村東有個工廠。 East of the town is a

40、 tower.城東有個塔。 在例中，to the south of the mountain在句中作狀語。在例中，表示方位的to the east of the village置于句首，本句用了倒裝結構，該短語也可省略為像例的east of the village形式。 方位詞位于句首時，常用句式為：(To the)East/West.動詞主語。 stands a tower. A.To east of the hill B.The east of the hill C.In the east of the hill D.East of the hill 答案D地球的一個不眠之夜河北省東北部的

41、農(nóng)村不斷有些怪事發(fā)生。三天來，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。農(nóng)夫注意到，水井的井壁上有深深的裂縫，裂縫里冒出臭氣。農(nóng)家大院里的雞，甚至豬都緊張得不想吃食。老鼠從田地里跑出來找地方藏身。魚缸和池塘里的魚會往外跳。在1976年7月28日凌晨3點左右，有些人看到天上一道道明亮的光。即使天空沒有飛機，在唐山城外也可以聽到飛機聲。在市內(nèi)，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂開來。但是，唐山市的一百萬居民幾乎都沒有把這些情況當一回事，當天晚上照常睡著了。在凌晨3點42分，一切都開始搖晃起來。世界似乎到了末日！二十世紀最大地震中的一次就在唐山市正下方11公里處發(fā)生了。100公里以外的北京市都感到了地震，全國1/3的地方

42、都有震感。一條8公里長30米寬的巨大裂縫橫穿房舍、馬路和渠道。地上一些洞穴冒出了蒸氣。石頭山變成了泥沙河。在可怕的15秒鐘內(nèi)，一座大城市就沉淪在一片廢墟之中。人們遭受的災難極為深重。2/3的人在地震中死去或受傷。成千上萬個家庭遇難，許多孩子變成了孤兒。死傷的人數(shù)達到40多萬。幸存的人們又怎么能相信這是自然現(xiàn)象呢？人們無論朝哪里看，哪里的一切都幾乎被毀了。所有的市內(nèi)醫(yī)院、75%的工廠和建筑物、90%的家園都消失了。殘磚就像秋天的紅葉覆蓋著大地，然而它們是不可能被風刮走的。兩座大壩垮了，多數(shù)橋梁不是塌了就是無法安全通行了。鐵軌如今成了一條條廢鋼。好幾萬頭牛再也擠不出奶來。50萬頭豬和幾百萬只雞全都

43、死了。井里滿是沙子，而不是水。人們驚呆了。接著，在下午晚些時候，又一次和第一次一樣強烈的地震震撼著唐山。有些醫(yī)生和救援人員被困在廢墟下面。更多的房屋倒塌了。水、電和食物都很難弄到。人們開始納悶，這場災難還會持續(xù)多久。并不是所有的希望都破滅了。地震后不久，部隊派了15萬名戰(zhàn)士到唐山來協(xié)助救援人員。數(shù)十萬的人得到了救助。部隊人員組成小分隊，將受困的人們挖出來，將死者掩埋。在唐山市的北邊，有一個萬名礦工煤礦，其中多數(shù)人得救了。援救人員為那些家園被毀的幸存者蓋起了避難所。用火車、卡車和飛機向市內(nèi)運來了水。慢慢地，這座城市又開始出現(xiàn)了生機。Section ThreeGrammar定語從句()1.Tita

44、nic is the ship that sank after hitting an iceberg.2.Rose and Jack are the lovers who met on the ship.3.The earthquake that/which hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.4.We dont know the number of people that/who lost their homes in the earthquake of 1906. 以上4句的斜體部分都是對其前的名詞進行修飾限制的

45、，即作了該名詞的定語。定語是用 來限定、修飾名詞或代詞的，主要由形容詞擔任。此外，名詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，分詞，副 詞，不定式以及介詞短語也可以來擔任，也可以由一個從句即定語從句來擔任。單詞作定 語時通常放在它所修飾的詞之前，作前置定語；短語和從句作定語時則放在所修飾的詞之 后，作后置定語。 定語從句是由關系代詞或關系副詞引導的從句，其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個名詞性成 分，相當于形容詞，所以又稱為形容詞性從句，一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞后面。如以 上例句中的斜體部分。 關系詞：引導定語從句的關聯(lián)詞稱為關系詞，關系詞有關系代詞和關系副詞。關系代詞有 that，which，who，whom，whose

46、，as等；關系副詞有where，when，why等。關系詞常 有3個作用：1.引導定語從句。2.代替先行詞。3.在定語從句中擔當一個成分。 先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞、代詞稱為先行詞，如以上例句中的劃線部分。 1.that指人或物，在從句中作主語、賓語或表語，作賓語時可以省略。The house (that) Im going to buy faces south.Jane has borrowed the book that was written by Lao She. 2.which 指物，在句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時可以省略。Im not interested in the book

47、 which has just been published.I showed him the letter (which) I received this morning. 3.who、whom指人，在從句中who作主語和賓語，whom只能作賓語；作賓語時二者都可以省略。 The girl (whom) I called just now is from America.The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 4.whose 指人或物，在從句中作定語。The girl whose father had given us a

48、report got first.Thats the machine whose parts are too small to see. 5.限制性定語從句中只能用that的幾種情況(1)當先行詞是anything，everything，nothing (something 除外)，few，all，none，little， some等代詞時，或者是由every，any，all，some，no，little，few，much，each等修飾 時。Have you taken down everything (that) Mr.Li has said?There seems to be nothi

49、ng that seems impossible for him in the world.All that can be done has been done.There is little (that) I can do for you.Any man that/who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing.(2)當先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級、the only、the very來修飾或當先行詞前面有who，which等疑問代詞時。The first place that they visited in London was the Big Be

50、n.This is the best film that I have seen.Wang Hua is the only person in our school that will attend the meeting.Who is the man that is standing there?Which is the Tshirt that fits me most?(3)當先行詞既有人，也有動物或者物體時。Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?(4)當關系代詞在定語從句中作表語時。The v

51、illage is no longer the one that it used to be 10 years ago.Fill in the blanks with who，whom，whose，which and that.1.The man who/whom/that I saw told me to wait.2.The man to whom I spoke was a foreigner.3.I know a boy whose father is an acrobat(雜技演員).4.He saw a house whose windows were all broken.5.A

52、ll the apples that fall are eaten by wild boars.6.Can you think of anyone that/who could look after him?7.This is the best hotel that I know.8.He showed us a machine whose parts were too small to be seen.翻譯句子1.他指給我看他畫的畫。 He showed me the picture that he drew.2.我不認識那個和你說話的女孩。 I dont know the girl who

53、m/that/who you speak to.3.她是一個叫瑪麗的女孩。 She is a girl who is called Mary.4.那些正在打網(wǎng)球的男孩是我的朋友。 Those boys who are playing tennis are my friends.5.你記不記得我們一起度過的那一天？ Do you remember the day that we spent together?Section FourUsing Language.Leadin1.Have you ever written a speech? 2.What is a speech? Speech m

54、eans an act of speaking formally to a group of listeners.3.What do you have to consider when you are writing a speech? Please discuss it in pairs. (1)Who is the audience? (2)How can we express ourselves clearly? .What should you include in your speech when you try to write a speech? Read the letter on Page 30 and imagine you are the student who was invited to give a speech.Now write a short speech，in wh