雅思大作文范文30篇[共43頁(yè)]

1、全球化的缺點(diǎn)： 經(jīng)濟(jì)上，發(fā)展中國(guó)家的勞動(dòng)力被剝削，資源被取用，而產(chǎn)品卻不能夠進(jìn)人發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，國(guó)內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)受到外商和外企的沖擊； 社會(huì)上，外國(guó)的產(chǎn)品流人一個(gè)國(guó)家，會(huì)改變?nèi)藗兊纳盍?xí)慣和購(gòu)買(mǎi)習(xí)慣；年輕人比較喜歡外同產(chǎn)品，比如說(shuō)食品、衣服、電子產(chǎn)品和娛樂(lè)方式； 文化上，本土文化會(huì)被削弱，本土語(yǔ)言會(huì)受到威脅，文化多樣性會(huì)逐步損失； 環(huán)境上，工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)和交通量的加大會(huì)增加溫室氣體的排放；游人的增多會(huì)對(duì)自然環(huán)境構(gòu)成威脅。Topic 1: Increasing travels between countries enable people to learn different cultures or to inc

2、rease tension between people from different countries?外來(lái)人口的增加有利于文化的交流： 游客或者移民都具備經(jīng)濟(jì)利益和價(jià)值（commercial interest and economic value)； 而外同人的停留時(shí)間是和東道國(guó)的合作密切相關(guān)的（The length of stay depends on the cooperation of the host society.);很多當(dāng)?shù)厝艘虼吮憩F(xiàn)得非常好客和友好，這有助于文化的交流（Many local people are very friendly and hospitable,

3、which promote the cultural communications.)； 對(duì)其他的文化和人民更為了解（a better understanding of other cultures and other peoples),改變?nèi)藗儗?duì)其他民族和文化的態(tài)度（alter ones attitudes towards another people or culture);人們因此可以接受不同的文化和價(jià)值觀（embrace different values and cultures),可以和平共處（create motivation to coexist peacefully), 并促進(jìn)

4、對(duì)多元文化的理解 (promote multi-cultural understanding)； 促進(jìn)文化的融合（promote integration),消除文化障礙（remove cultural barriers), 外來(lái)人口的增加導(dǎo)致沖突： 違反當(dāng)?shù)氐牧?xí)俗會(huì)激怒當(dāng)?shù)厝耍╞reach of local customs can irritate the locals); 不同文化的人看待同一事物總有不同的角度（harbour different perceptions),并給予不同的解釋(different interpretations)，比如對(duì)手勢(shì)、衣服、言行舉止有不同的理解；舉止不當(dāng)

5、會(huì)引起當(dāng)?shù)厝艘庀氩坏降姆磻?yīng)(provoke unanticipated responses); 外國(guó)游客增多會(huì)對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境造成壓力，甚至破壞環(huán)境，而移民增多可能導(dǎo)致工作機(jī)會(huì)減少，致使競(jìng)爭(zhēng)更加激烈，這些都有可能引起當(dāng)?shù)厝说姆锤校╟ause resentment in local communities).范文Globalization is a catch-all term that refers to any activity that involves more than one country, for example, travel from one country to another.

6、 The dramatic increase in transnational travel in recent years has sparked controversy over the potential impacts of this trend on individual countries especially those new member states of globalization. Some people are concerned that the upsurge in new arrivals will prompt local hostility against

7、visitors instead of promoting their understanding on mutual cultural background. This notion should be rejected as one can see many facts in favour of this development between countries.The first reason why international travels would never bring conflict is rooted in the fact that both visitors and

8、 locals are economically motivated. International travel opens up opportunities for business development throughout the world. Entrepreneurs are interested not only in the domestic market but also in the oversea market. Foreigners should learn the culture of a country before winning over the local p

9、eople. In turn, locals should show their hospitality to visitors in exchange for their trust. They share a view that acceptance of each others cultural background is a necessary condition for cooperation.Understanding a culture has other implications. Differences in social background, cultural value

10、s and religious belief might make the discrepancy of foreigners and local inhabitants on some issues indelible; however, the higher interaction, the higher level of communication and understanding. Arabians, for example, used to consider westerners as their foes. Now they have concrete relations wit

11、h their western allies in many fields. In the initial stage, their divergence seemed inherent but over time, with better mutual understanding, they take the same position on many issues.Undeniably, it is likely that in some resorts, foreign visitors repel the local community with their scant regard

12、for the local environment and conventions when they first arrive. However, it should be noted that most offense is accidental, rather than intentional. Instead, visitors disobey rules and conventions simply because they have no knowledge of them. This situation is expected to be improved with the pa

13、ssing of time when visitors from different countries increase their knowledge of a local culture.According to the above analysis, we can observe that the increase in the international travel should not be taken as the cause of any conflict that arises between two countries. Alternatively, one should

14、 recognize its role in improving mutual understanding between two countries.近義詞表1. catch-all = all-embracing:包羅甚廣的 ；包括一切的2. hostility=enmity=resentment:敵意,怨恨,憤恨3. rooted in=derived from=based on:基于4. entrepreneur=tycoon=mogul=industrialist:企業(yè)家，實(shí)業(yè)家5. discrepancy=disagreement=difference=divergence:分歧，

15、矛盾6. foe=enemy=rival:敵人，竟?fàn)帉?duì)手7. concrete=tangible=solid:具體的，實(shí)際的8. overtime=in due course=sooner or later:最終，早9. resort:勝地；tourist resort:旅游勝地；holiday resort：度假勝地；beach resort:海邊度假勝地； scenic spot:景觀；place of interest: 旅游景點(diǎn)10. repel=revolt=repulse:使厭惡，憎惡 11. scant=limited=scarce:缺乏的，不足的Topic2: When int

16、ernational media (including movies, fashion shows, advertisements and other TV programs) convey the same messages to the global audience, people argue that the expansion of international media has negative impacts on cultural diversity. What is your opinion?媒體信息一致的缺點(diǎn)： 國(guó)際媒體（global media)般掌握在少數(shù)幾個(gè)有實(shí)力的機(jī)

17、構(gòu)手中（in the hands of a few, large, powerful organizations)；有了媒體的宣傳(propaganda)后,西方文化成了主流(domineering force),大規(guī)模的、有吸引力的廣告(mass seductive advertising )喚起了落后地區(qū)人們對(duì)物質(zhì) 新的向往（create fresh desires),經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系增強(qiáng)（strong economic ties),西方產(chǎn)品取代了本地產(chǎn) 品，使人們更加向往西方的文化； 文化開(kāi)始融合在一起(mingle),人們被新的價(jià)值觀所圍繞(bombarded with new values)

18、，對(duì)自 己的文化失去信心和自豪感（confidence and pride),拒絕接受自己的文化傳統(tǒng)（rejection of their cultural heritage)轉(zhuǎn)而接受西方的文化習(xí)慣（adoption of Western cultural practices);西方 媒體削弱了民族的特征(ethnic identity)和社會(huì)的凝聚力（social cohesion);因?yàn)閾?dān)心失去觀眾 (a loss of viewers),當(dāng)?shù)氐碾娨暸_(tái)也開(kāi)始播放西方的電視節(jié)目（television shows), 國(guó)際媒體的普遍會(huì)降低世界文化的品質(zhì)和多樣性（degrade the qual

19、ity and diversity of world culture);文化被商業(yè)化（commercialized), 些文化產(chǎn)品（cultural goods),如音樂(lè)、服裝，都 變成了商品（commodities in the marketplace)。因此，即便一些文化在世界其他地方傳播，它原 來(lái)的性質(zhì)（authenticity)已經(jīng)喪失。媒體信息一致的優(yōu)點(diǎn)： 國(guó)家之間的頻繁交往會(huì)促進(jìn)文化之間的交流。因此，相互了解和相互認(rèn)同的可能性 (likelihood of mutual understanding and mutual acceptance )就會(huì)增加，這是順應(yīng)全球化的趨勢(shì)； 未必

20、一定放棄傳統(tǒng)觀念（not necessarily lead to the abolition of traditional values),事實(shí)上媒體 可以起到宣傳和穩(wěn)固傳統(tǒng)文化的作用； 主流媒體一般都會(huì)反應(yīng)文化多元性（The dominant media reflect cultural diversity.); 些外國(guó) 節(jié)目其實(shí)促進(jìn)了文化多元性(Most foreign programming is promoting cultural diversity.),適應(yīng) 了當(dāng)?shù)氐臈l件（adapt to local conditions)，注意到了當(dāng)?shù)匚幕拿舾行裕╝ware of cultur

21、al sensitivity).自我調(diào)節(jié)來(lái)適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)(exercise self-censorship to suit the market :)。范文As international media companies expand across the world, the growing popularity and uniformity of some media programs (such as TV shows, movies, fashion shows) is causing worldwide concern. Many people have strong views towa

22、rd this trend. In my opinion, international media is closely linked to cultural globalization and cultural homogeneity.The dominance of international media is a sign of Western cultural imperialism and has the potential to thwart cultural diversity. It is not a secret that international media is own

23、ed and operated by a handful of giant corporations, such as Time Warner. They control large sectors of the media market and place national media companies at risk. The contraction in the number of media owners will cause a proportional reduction, in the variety of programs broadcasted. For example,

24、painting, music and movies accessible in the media have a small number of genres, imposing restraints on ones knowledge of artworks of different cultural backgrounds.In addition to seizing control over those creative industries, global entertainment companies affect cultural diversity by reshaping t

25、he perceptions, beliefs and norms of ordinary citizens in different countries. Most of the cultural values and ideals promoted by the leading mainstream media are of American origin. American culture values individuality, maximization of ones benefits and material wealth, rather than communal life a

26、nd family solidarity, the values and norms previously treasured in many Asian countries. Unfortunately, many Asian people now imitate American people, causing the alteration of their perceptions of family. This radical change can be attributed to those movies and TV programs that portray the success

27、 of American individuals or corporations.The loss of media diversity is also responsible for peoples narrow sense of ways of life. The ruling class of many countries speaks English, favors Western food, wears Western-style jackets and even prefers Western weddings. Young people are captivated by Ame

28、rican basketball and some even daubing the names of NBA stars on their school sweatsuits. All these transformations in life are the result of the audiences exposure to Hollywood movies, TV shows and sports reports. The loss of media diversity will lead to degradation of culture and to a minimization

29、 of cultural diversity. It is a worrying trend, as people need cultural diversity to preserve and pass on their valuable heritage to future generations, including lifestyle.As shown above, international media, controlled by a handful of transnational media corporations, is exporting Western culture

30、worldwide and putting many indigenous cultures at the risk of extinction. The uniformity of media programs has led to that of artworks, norms and ways of life wherever international media goes.1. dominance=domination=power:統(tǒng)治，力量2. sign=symbol=mark=signal=indication：標(biāo)志，象征3. thwart=prevent=spoil=ruin:

31、阻止，破壞4. a handful of=a small number of:少數(shù)的5. contraction-reduction ：減少6. proportional=relative：相對(duì)的，成比例的7. perception=view=opinion:看法8. ideal=value=belief=principle:觀點(diǎn)，觀念；solidarity=unity=harmony=cohesion:團(tuán)結(jié)10. be captivated by=be obsessed with=be passionate about=be addicted to=be keen on=be enthusi

32、astic about:被所吸引11. pass on=give=impart=convey:傳遞，灌輸Topic 3: There is a disagreement on the impact of increased business and culture contact between countries on a countrys identity. What is your opinion?商業(yè)和文化的接觸增多會(huì)導(dǎo)致一個(gè)國(guó)家特征的喪失： 影響文化：文化不是靜態(tài)的，而是動(dòng)態(tài)的（not static, but dynamic)；種文化的改變主要是由 于社會(huì)環(huán)境(social envi

33、ronment)發(fā)生了變化。比如說(shuō)，人們的飲食習(xí)慣發(fā)生了改變，這是學(xué)習(xí) 夕卜界文化的結(jié)果(Peoples eating habits have been changed as the result of learned behaviour.)； 快餐文化源自美國(guó)，有些人將此作為財(cái)富的象征(symbols of wealth),從而喜歡快餐；另外， 本地的飲食文化會(huì)改變，以適應(yīng)外國(guó)人的口味（suit the tastes of visitors); 影響生活方式：進(jìn)口商品的增多，對(duì)外國(guó)產(chǎn)品的喜好（preference for imports);人們更加熟悉 他國(guó)的文化，而忘記自身的特點(diǎn)（sens

34、e of identity)，社會(huì)的團(tuán)結(jié)也有所損害（an erosion of social solidarity);服裝、飲食、娛樂(lè)等等都被兩化了 （westernized),比如說(shuō)，西裝現(xiàn)在是流行 的男性服裝(the suit is the most popular outfit for men)； 欠發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家在技術(shù)革新中起到的作用甚微(play a small role in the technological revolution),所 以需要出賣(mài)自己國(guó)家的主權(quán)或者利益來(lái)獲得國(guó)際的幫助（concede sovereignty and interests to other countri

35、es for aid)；貧富差距加大(widening gap between the richest and poorest parts of the world)； 接受西方文化的人們成為一個(gè)國(guó)家新的統(tǒng)治階級(jí)（new ruling class);人們摒棄傳統(tǒng)的觀念 (renounce traditionally-held beliefs),覺(jué)得傳統(tǒng)觀念是過(guò)時(shí)的和低人一等的（outdated and inferior);主流文化會(huì)取代老式的和各種各樣的文化（A dominant culture takes over diverse cultures.),人們不再尊重傳統(tǒng)文化（lose res

36、pect older cultures),而傳統(tǒng)觀念最終成為歷史 consigned to history)。商業(yè)和文化的接觸增多會(huì)加強(qiáng)一個(gè)國(guó)家的特征： 外來(lái)文化讓人們意識(shí)到自己文化的特點(diǎn)，從而更加注意維持這種文化； 一種特殊文化會(huì)引起世界的關(guān)注，人們會(huì)更加注意保護(hù)。范文One of the most conspicuous trends in the 21st century is a closer connection between countries, in both economic and cultural aspects. There is a widespread worry

37、that this will lead to the gradual demise of countries identities. This issue should be viewed and analyzed from multiple perspectives.When a country tends to develop a closer relationship with the rest of the world, it does not necessarily give up its culture. Culture is not a disgrace to but an as

38、set of a country. An indigenous culture can distinguish one country from others, attracting foreign visitors and yielding high income. As most tourists travel abroad for learning different cultures and sampling different ways of life, such as Beijing opera in China, Japanese tea culture and Thai tem

39、ples, many countries have responded with protecting and preserving their cultural identities, in an effort to keep themselves in the list of the most popular destinations. Increased tourism instills fresh life force into these countries, aiding the conservation of their features.While tourism provid

40、es a driving force for cultural conversation, some components of a culture, such as traditions, customs or taboos might die out over time. It seems that in some countries, the locals have become more accustomed to exotic cultures. It reflects the combined effects of the invasion of foreign cultures,

41、 either through media or through direct business interaction. For example, two decades ago, sex was a taboo subject in China and most Chinese people felt embarrassed to talk openly about it. Over time the Western culture has permeated into the Chinese lifestyle, and the Chinese people have broken ma

42、ny of their time-honoured traditions. It occurs in the rest of the world as well.As outlined above, increased interaction between countries in the domains of business and culture can either strengthen or undermine the identities of countries involved, To date there is no definite answer to this ques

43、tion.近義詞表1. conspicuous-noticeable=prominent=striking:顯箸的，突出的2. connection=linkage= relation=relationship:關(guān)系，聯(lián)系3. demise=disappearance=vanishing=fading:消失，死亡4. multiple=manifold=numerous=various=many:不同的，很多的5. disgrace=dishonour=shame=humiliation:恥辱6. life force=soul=essence：生命力7. conservation=prote

44、ction=preservation:保存，保護(hù)8. exotic=bizarre=outlandish=from afar=mysteriously unusual: 外來(lái)的，奇異的9. taboo=offensive=embarrassing=unacceptable=disgraceful=dishonourable=humiliating:無(wú)禮的，侮辱性的；忌諱的10. permeate=seep into=pervade=leak into:滲透11. time-honoured=age-old=long-established ：歷史悠久的12. interaction=inter

45、play=communication=relationship:相互作用Topic 4: Some people believe that culture will be ruined if it is used to earn tourism revenue, but others consider that tourism is the only way of protecting a culture. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.旅游業(yè)有益文化保護(hù)（cultural preservation)的論點(diǎn)： 除了自然景觀（lands

46、cape)之外，文化和歷史是吸引旅游者去一個(gè)國(guó)家或者一個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn) (tourism site)觀光的最主要原因（motivator);旅游業(yè)和文化遺產(chǎn)相結(jié)合（integrate tourism and cultural heritage)為文化保護(hù)提供了經(jīng)濟(jì)支持（economic incentives)； 在文化領(lǐng)域提供一些旅游選擇(introduce the tourism options available with the cultural sectors)， 如博物館、歷史景點(diǎn)、活動(dòng)禾卩奠食等（including museums, historical sites, events an

47、d cuisine), 游客會(huì)深人了解當(dāng)?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)和習(xí)俗（get an insight into local customs and traditions),感受當(dāng)?shù)貍?統(tǒng)和藝術(shù)（experience local traditions, arts and heritage),從而更加尊重當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)和周?chē)沫h(huán)境 (respect the host community and its environment),促進(jìn)不同國(guó)家之間關(guān)于自然和文化資源保護(hù)的交流與對(duì)話(huà)(the dialogue over conservation of natural and cultural resources )0 一旅游業(yè)

48、導(dǎo)致文化破壞cultural destruction )的觀點(diǎn)： 保護(hù)的一般是食物、時(shí)尚、節(jié)日等（preserve food, fashion, festivals and so forth)些文化的表 面一，征（superficial elements of a culture), ；|各文化定格成表演者（freeze culture as performers), 導(dǎo)致了文化、宗教、傳統(tǒng)儀式、物質(zhì)文化和語(yǔ)言的損失（the loss of culture, religion, rituals, material culture and language)；將文化商業(yè)化(commerciali

49、se the culture),破壞了文化神圣和 獨(dú)特的本質(zhì)(erode the sacred and unique nature)；雖然很多活動(dòng)是娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)（entertain, rather than educate tourists),但有些是對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厝说囊环N羞辱(humiliate the local people)； 垃圾、涂鴉、破壞和噪音不斷增加（increasing litter, graffiti, vandalism and noise)，游客在沒(méi)有 被允許的情況下進(jìn)人建筑物、神殿、神圣的土地（enter buildings, shrines or sacred lands wi

50、thout permission).這都與當(dāng)?shù)匚幕鄾_突，是一種文化侮辱（an insult to the local culture )范文There is little room for doubt that tourism is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world. However, its impact on culture remains a source of constant debate. This essay will elaborate on both positive and negative effect

51、s of tourism from a cultural perspective.Providing economic incentives for cultural preservation is unarguably one of the main contributions of tourism. To many tourists, culture and history are what they first consider when choosing a destination. Their mindset has been recognised by many tourism s

52、ites and money has been subsequently directed toward cultural protection, including the maintenance of key historical sites. Tourism is therefore one of the primary forces contributing to the preservation of a culture.In addition to raising financing, tourism can make an indigenous culture known to

53、the world and rally support worldwide to protect it. When a historic site or a site that shows a countrys cultural heritage is made accessible to the public, visitors from all over the world will soon flock there. They will share their experience in the local culture with their friends and families

54、once they return home, assisting this site to gain international fame. Both financial and technological support will flood in for the conservation of natural and cultural resources.On the negative side, tourism develops sometimes at the expense of part of culture. Food, festivals, costumes and other

55、 stimulating elements of a culture are highlighted to entertain tourists, constituting an insult to the locals and causing damage to the unique nature of a culture. Moreover, cultural commercialization has made the sacred elements of a culture commonplace and tourists are encouraged to attach little

56、 importance to a unique tradition, which cannot be found elsewhere.In the light of these facts, one can conclude that tourism is neither a boon nor a bane to cultural preservation. While its endeavour to protect an indigenous culture should be recognized, it has put the integrity of a culture at ris

57、k.近義詞表1. unarguably= unquestionably =indisputably=undeniably:無(wú)可置提地，無(wú)可否認(rèn)地2. destination=site=place:地點(diǎn)3. maintenance=preservation=upholding=protection:保護(hù)，保存4. indigenous=original=aboriginal：本土的，原始的5. fame=reputation=recognition=eminence:名氣，名聲6. at the expense of=at the cost of:以犧牲為前提7. entertain=amuse

58、=keep somebody amused:使愉快8. insult=offence:侮辱9. commonplace=ordinary: 平凡的10. in the light of=in view of=considering=taking into account:考慮到11. endeavour=effort=attempt:努力，嘗試12. integrity=entirety=unity:完整性13. put at risk=endanger=jeopardise:危及，使危險(xiǎn)政府投資政府的投資主要有以下用途： 國(guó)防（defense):保護(hù)一個(gè)國(guó)家免受攻擊或者其他威脅（Protect a country against attack or other threats.)； 保證法律和公共秩序的實(shí)施（enforcement of law and public order)以及政府的運(yùn)作（operation of government)； 社會(huì)保障（social security)和醫(yī)療保健（health care systems)； 福利 (welfare):為那些不能夠自給自足的人（people who are unable to support th