初中虛擬語氣講解及專項練習(xí)與答案(帶解析)(2)

1、虛擬語氣講解語氣（mood）是一種動詞形式，用以表示說話者的意圖或態(tài)度。英語中的語氣有三種：陳述語氣、祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。直陳語氣（indicative mood）,表示所說的話是事實。祈使語氣（imperative mood）,表示所說的話是請求或命令。虛擬語氣（subjunctive mood）,表示說的話不是事實，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望、建議或與事實相 反的假設(shè)等。.虛擬語氣在條件句中的應(yīng)用學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法之前我們必須清楚條件句的種類：條件句有真實條件句與非真實條件句（或稱虛擬條件句）兩種。真實條件句所表的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句都用陳述

2、語氣。如：If it doesn t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic.假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。Oil floats if you pour it on water.你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起來。虛擬條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句皆須用虛擬語氣。條件從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反If主語+動詞過去式（be的過去式用 were）should (would, might , could )+動詞原形與過去事實相反If主語+had+過去分詞should( would, might ,could ) + have +過去

3、分詞與將來事實可能相反If主語+動詞過去式（be的過去式用were）； should +動詞原形； were to +動詞原形should (would, might , could )+動詞原形1. 與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語用動詞的過去式（be的過去式用were）,主句的謂語用should （would, might ， could ）+ 動詞原形。如：If it were n ot raining, we should go for a pic nic.如果現(xiàn)在不下雨的話，我們就出去野餐了。（事實是：天在下雨，我們不能出去野餐。表示愿望。）If he came here,

4、 he might be able to help you.如果他來這，他就能夠幫助你了。（事實是：他沒來這，他不可能幫助你。表示對他的良好印象。2. 與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語用 could ） + have 過去分詞。had+ 過去分詞，主句的謂語用 should （ would, might如： She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.要是當(dāng)初她被邀請的話，她就會去參加這次聚會了。（事實是：當(dāng)時沒有人邀請她，因此，她沒有來參加聚會。表示后悔。 ）If she hadnt called me, I w

5、ould have overslept this morning.今天早上，她要是不叫我的話，我就會睡過頭了。（事實是：她今天早上叫我了，我沒有睡過頭。表示感激。 ）3. 與將來事實可能相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語用動詞的過去式 （be 的過去式用 were） ； should 動詞 原形； were to 動詞原形，主句用 should （ would, might ， could ） +動詞原形。如： If I were to be twenty years old next year, I would take the course of French.明年我要是二十歲，我就會學(xué)法語

6、。 （事實是：我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)老了，明年我學(xué)不了法語了。 ）If it should fail, I would try again. 要是失敗了， 我會再試一次。（ 事實是： 有可能失敗， 可我會再試。 表示未知。 ）虛擬語氣專練1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I the book from which it was made.A. have read B. had read C. should have readD. are reading2.You are late. If you a few minutes earlier you him.A.

7、 come ,would meetB. had come, would have metC. come, will meetD. had come, would meet3.The two students talked as if they friends for years.A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been4.It is important that I with Mr. Williams immediately.A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak5.He looked a

8、s if he ill for a long time.A. wasB. wereC. has beenD. had been6.If the doctor had come earlier the poor child would not .A. have laid there for two hoursB. have been lied there for two hoursC. have lied there for two hoursD. have lain there for two hours7.I wish that I with you last night.A. went B

9、. could go C. have gone D. could have gone8.Let s say you could go there again how feelA. will you B. should youC. would youD. do you9.I can t stand him. He always talks as though he everythin g.A. knewB. knows C. has knownD. had known10. the fog we should have reached our school.A. Because of B. In

10、 spite of C. In case of D. But for11.If you had told me in advance I him at the airport.A. would meet B. would had met C. would have met D. would have meet12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he me how.A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach13

11、.I would have told him the answer had it been possible but I so busy then.A. had beenB. were C. wasD. would be14.He s working hard for fear that he .A. should fall behindB. fell behind C. may fall behind D. would fallen behind15.If it another ten minutes the game would have been called off.A. had ra

12、ined B. would have rainedC. have seenD. rained16.He suggested that they use a trick instead of fighting.A. ShouldB. would C. do D. had17.My father did not go to New York the doctor suggested that he there.A. not wentB. won t go C. not goD. not to go18.I would have gone to the meeting if I time.A. ha

13、d hadB. have hadC. hadD. would have had19.Would you rather I buying a new bikeA. decided against B. will decide against C. have decided D. shall decide against 20.You look so tired tonight. It is time youA. go to sleepB. went to sleep21. Why didn t you buy aA. had B. have hadC. go to bed new car I w

14、ould have bought one if IC. would haveD. had hadD. went to bedenough money.522.If she could sewA. she make a dressC. she will make a shirtB. she would have made a shirtD. she would had made a coat23. today he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he lea

15、ves24. His doctor suggested that he a short trip abroad.A. will takeB. would take C. takeD. took25. The Bakers arrived last night. If they d only let us know earlier at the station.A. we d meet themB. we ll meet themC. wed have met them D. weve met them 26.If I you I more attention to English idioms

16、 and phrases.A. was, shall pay B. am, will payC. would be, would payD. were, would pay27.We might have failed if you us a helping hand.A. have not givenB. would not giveC. had not givenD. did not give28.The law requires that everyone his car checked at least once a year.A. hasB. hadC. haveD. will ha

17、ve29.It is strange that he so.A. would sayB. would speakC. should sayD. will speak30.Had I known her name A. or does she know mineB. and where does she liveC. she would be beautiful.D. I would have invited her to lunch.31.He has just arrived but he talks as if he all about that.A. know B. knows C. k

18、nown D. knew 32.If I the money I would have bought a much bigger car.A. possessedB. owned C. had D. had had33.He was very busy yesterday otherwise he to the meeting.A. would comeB. came C. would have comeD. will come34.The librarian insists that John no more books from the library before he returns

19、all thebooks he has borrowed.A. will takeB. took C. take D. takes35.I left very early last night but I wish I so early.A. didn t leaveB. hadn t left C. haven t left D. couldn t leave36.I do not have a job. I would find one but I no time.A. had B. didn t have C. had had D. have37.I wish that you such

20、 a bad headache because I m sure that you would have enjoyed theconcert.A. hadn t B. didn t have had C. hadn t had D. hadn t have 38.He insisted that we all in his office at one o clock.A. beB. to be C. would be D. shall be39. - Helen couldn t go to France after all.-That s too bad. I m sure she wou

21、ld have enjoyed it if .A. she s gone B. she ll go C. she d gone D. she d go40.I must go there earlier. John has suggested that I an hour before the discussion begins.A. go B. shall go C. will go D. would go15 BBDAD6 10 DDCAD1115 CDCAA1620 ACAAD2125 DBCCC2630 DCCCD3135 DDCCB3639 DCAC解析：1. wish 后面用虛擬語

22、氣，表示與過去事實相反用過去完成時。2. 條件句表示與過去事實相反，主句用過去將來完成時，從句用過去完成時。3. as if 后面如果表示真實情況就不用虛擬。4.It is important that 是主語從句的虛擬語氣，從句用 sb. should do 的形式。5.as if 后面是真實情況，不虛擬。6.lain 是 lie 的過去分詞，表示 “躺 ”。7. could have done 表示 “本來可以 ”。8. 與將來相反的虛擬語氣，主句用過去將來時。9. as if 表示不可能發(fā)生的事情時用虛擬語氣。lO.but for表示 要不是的話”通常與虛擬語氣搭配使用。11.in advance 表示“事先”，表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣。12. wish 的賓語從句表示發(fā)生在將來的愿望用過去將來時。13. but 的并列句表示真實情況，不用虛擬語氣。14. for fear that 后面的狀語從句用 sb. should do 的形式。15. 表示與過去事實相反，主句用過去將來完成時，從句用過去完成時。16. suggest 后面的賓語從句用 sb. should do 的形式。17. suggest 后面的從句用 sb. should do 的形式，