整理后帶答案狀語從句3

1、Period 13. 狀語從句 3-讓步狀從，方式狀從，比較狀從1. 讓步狀語從句1.however = no matter how whatever = no matter what whoever = no matter who whenever = no matter when wherever = no matter where可引導(dǎo)讓步狀從的： whenever/ wherever/ however/ whatever/ whichever/ whoeverno matter when/ where/ how/ what/ which/ who 可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的 : whateve

2、r/ whichever/ whoeverno matter+疑問詞”或疑問詞-ever ”的含義為不管都”，它們引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可以互換，但前者引導(dǎo)的從句語氣更強(qiáng)烈，口語中也常用前者。Whoever breaks the law shall be punished. 豐 no matter whoHis father always gives her whatever she likes. 豐 no matter whatWhatever you say, I won t believe you. （Whatever 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語句） =No matter what 無論你說什么，我都不會(huì)

3、相信你。rII eat whatever you give me. （whatever 弓丨導(dǎo)賓語從句）工 no matter what 你給我吃什么，我就吃什么。Whoever comes will be welcome. （Whoever 弓丨導(dǎo)主語從句 ） 豐 no matter who 不管誰來都受到歡迎。No matter what you do ， dont touch this switch 無論怎樣，都別碰這個(gè)按鈕。Whatever you do， dont tell him that I told you this 無論如何，別跟他說這件事是我告訴你的。Whatever/No

4、 matter what you say, I won t believe you.No matter what you say, I don t care.No matter who you are, you must obey the rules of our school.However hard he tried, he failed again.No matter what the weather is like, you can always find surfers out riding the waves.2. although 和 though 都表示 “雖然 ”區(qū)別如下 :

5、1）這兩個(gè)連詞意思大致相同，在一般情況下可以互換使用。在口語中， though 較常使用，although 比 though 正式， 二者都可與 yet, still 或 never， the less 連用，但不能與 but 連用。 Although/Though he was worn out, （still） he kept on working.雖然他已經(jīng)精疲力竭了，但仍然繼續(xù)工作。Although/Though he is very old, （yet） he is quite strong. 他雖然年紀(jì)大了，身體還很健壯。 Although/Though they are poor

6、, they often help others.=They are poor, but they often help others.Although he has failed many times, he doesn t give up trying. 。Although Though you don t like him you can still be polite盡管/即使你不喜歡他，你仍可有禮貌一些3. eve n if, even though 表示即使”，縱使”之意這兩個(gè)復(fù)合連詞的意思基本相同。它們常互換使用，但意義有細(xì)微差別。even if引導(dǎo)的讓步從句含有強(qiáng)烈的假定性，e

7、ven though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，是以從句的內(nèi)容為先決條件的，即說話人肯定了從句的 事實(shí)。Even if he is poor, she loves him. (=He may be poor, yet she loves him.)即使他很窮，但她還是愛他。Even though he is poor, she loves him. (=He is poor, yet she loves him.)盡管他很窮，但她還是愛她。we II make a trip even if/though the weather is bad.即使天氣不好，我們也要作一次旅行。4. However+ a

8、dj. / adv + 主語 + 其他However rich people are , they always seem anxious to make more money .無論人們多么富有，他們似乎總還渴望賺到更多的錢。However carefully you drive , you will probably have an accident eventually .無論你開車多小心，最后你大概還會(huì)出車禍。5. while雖然，盡管”之意，同although，此時(shí)從句的主語和主句的主語往往為同一人或物，但一般要位于句首.While I like the color, I dont

9、like the shape.我雖然喜歡那顏色，但不喜歡那形狀。While forbidden fruit is said to taste sweeter, it usually spoils faster.雖然有人說禁果的味道更甜，但它腐爛的也更快。While the work was difficult, it was in teresti ng.雖然工作有難度，但很有趣。While I understand what you say, I can t agree with you.雖然我理解你的意思，但我還是不同意.6. As, Thoughas作 雖然”解，as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句必須

10、以部分倒裝的形式出現(xiàn)，被倒裝的部分可以是 表語、狀語(即將形容詞、副詞、分詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前)though也可用于這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)中，但although不可以這樣用。例如：1) 作表語的名詞Child as he is, he knows a lot.Boy as he was, he behaved like a girl. 他雖是個(gè)男孩，但舉止卻像個(gè)女孩。句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。Child as/though he is, he know a lot.雖然他是個(gè)孩子，但他懂很多。2) 作表語的形容詞提前Young as he is , he knows a lot.Tired as I was,

11、I tried to help them.雖然我很累，我還是努力幫助他們。3）動(dòng)詞原形提前若提前的是動(dòng)詞原形（多為不及物動(dòng)詞），與之連用的通常是 may, might, will, would等，且這 些詞都要保留在原來的位置上（主語后）；Search as they would, they would find nobody in the house.無論怎樣搜查，他們?cè)诜孔永锶匀粵]有找到一個(gè)人。Try as he would , he couldn t open the d他試過多次了，卻仍打不開那門。Object as you may, I II go.（=Though/Although

12、 you may object, I II go.）縱使你反對(duì)，我也要去。4）狀語提前Hard as （though） they tried, they couldn t make her change her mind.盡管他們做了很大努力，卻沒法讓她改變主意Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress.（=Though he works hard, he makes little progress.）盡管他學(xué)習(xí)很努力，但幾乎沒取得什么進(jìn)步。Fast as you read, you can t finish the book so s

13、oon.縱然你讀得快，你也不能這么快讀完這本書。7. whetheror not 無論是 或是由這一個(gè)復(fù)合連詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句旨在說明正反兩方面的可能性都不會(huì)影響主句的意 向或結(jié)果。Whether or not they win this battle, they wont win the war.不管他們是否能贏得這次戰(zhàn)役，他們絕不會(huì)贏得這場戰(zhàn)爭Whether it rains or not, I shall go out for an outing tomorrow.Whether you believe it or no t, its true.無論你是否相信，這都是真的。Youll

14、have to atte nd the ceremony whether youre free or busy.不管你忙不忙，都要參加這個(gè)典禮。注意：以上例句中whether作 無論解，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。Youll have to atte nd the ceremony whether youre free or busy.但當(dāng)whether作是否”解時(shí)則不能用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。Can you tell me whether it will rain or not tomorrow?（是否）讓步狀從的練習(xí)：1 The lawyer seldom wears anything other tha n

15、 a suitthe seas on.A whatever B wherever C whe never D however2 Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice,they knew it to be valuable.A as if B now that C even though D so that3 I really dont like art, I find his work impressive.A As B Si neeC If D While4 he has limited tech ni cal kno wledge, th

16、e old worker has a lot of experie nee.A Since B Un less C As D Although5 I have some sympathy for them, I dont thi nk they are right to do so.A As B If C While D When6 the Customs Office, he will have to declare this sort of things he carries with him to theCustoms Officer.A No matter who will come

17、throughB who come throughC No matter whom comes throughD Whoever comes through7 What a tight volleyball game! We lost it we all tried our best.A becauseB thoughC until D unless8 This is a very interesting book .Ill buy it , .A how much may it costB no matter how it may costC however much it may cost

18、D how may it cost9 All people, they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those inneed since the disaster.A even ifB whetherC no matterD however10 Allow children the space to voice their opinions, they are different from your own.A until B even if C unlessD as though11

19、well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.A However B WhateverC No matterD Although12 hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.A WhateverB WheneverC WhereverD However13 the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend to

20、o much time on it.A If B WhileC BecauseD As14 you decide to spend your holidays, one thing is certain, you will get to your destination,fresh and safe.A WhateverB WhoeverC Wherever D Whichever15 , I could not memorize the text.A However hard did I tryB However had I triedC However I tried hardD Howe

21、ver I had tried hard16 the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, theycould not arrest himA Although B As long as C If onlyD As soon as17 I admit that problems are difficult, I am sure I can work them out.A While B As C SinceD Because18 -My watch stopped a

22、gain.-You should have it repaired, its working now.A as long asB untilC howeverD even though19 In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help there is human suffering.A Whoever B however C whatever D wherever20 still half drunk , he made his way home.A When B BecauseC ThoughD As15ACDDC 6 10 D

23、BCBB 11-15 ADBCB 1620 AADDCII.方式狀語從句方式狀語從句表示主句中動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的方式或方法，多半是用比喻說明主句內(nèi)容或原物，是被說明的人、物形象具體化。常由as, just as, as if， as though等引導(dǎo)。1）由as（如，像）引導(dǎo)I will do as you told me.我將會(huì)按照你告訴我的那樣去做。The moo n has no light of its own as the sun has.月球不像太陽那樣，它本身不發(fā)光。as之前可用just或exactly加強(qiáng)語氣。例如：Most pla nts n eed air just as th

24、ey n eed water.大部分的植物需要空氣，正如它們需要水一樣。Always do to the othersyou would be done by.When en ter rome dothe Roma ns do .as引導(dǎo)的從句的省略形式：從句的主語、謂語有時(shí)可以省略：1）省略主語。無論從句和主句的主語是否一致，從句的主語可以省略。例如：En glish is not difficult to lear n, as （it ）is gen erally supposed.（主語一致）英語并不像一般人想象的那樣難學(xué)。He wrote as（it） follows.（主謂不一致）他

25、寫的如下。2）省略謂語或謂語中的表意動(dòng)詞。例如：The study of scie nee n eeds time, as any other subjects （does）.學(xué)科學(xué)像學(xué)其他學(xué)科一樣，需要時(shí)間。The electricity does not move through the in sulator as it would （move） through a con ductor. 電不會(huì)像導(dǎo)體一樣通過這個(gè)絕緣體。3）主謂全省略。如：He worked as usual （= as it was usual）.他像平時(shí)那樣工作。2）專有句型“A is to B+ what/ as+

26、 C is to D ” （A 對(duì)于 B 好比 C 對(duì)于 D 一樣）;“ What C is to D, that A is to B ” （C 對(duì)于 D 恰似 A 對(duì)于 B 一樣）。Readi ng is to the mi nd what exercise is to the body.讀書之于心靈，猶如鍛煉之于身體。What blood vessel is to a man s body, that railway is to transportation.鐵路對(duì)于運(yùn)輸。好比血脈對(duì)于人的身體一樣。3）由 as if, as though 引導(dǎo)兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛

27、擬語氣，表示與事實(shí)相反，有時(shí)也用陳述語氣，表示所說情況是事實(shí)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大。漢譯常作”仿佛似的”，好像似的”，例如：They completely ignore these facts as if （as though） they n ever existed.他們完全忽略了這些事實(shí)，就仿佛它不存在似的。（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語用did虛擬語氣。）He looks as if （as though） he had been hit by lighting.他那樣子就像被雷擊了似的。（與過去事實(shí)相反，謂語用did虛擬語氣。）注意：從句謂語如果是be動(dòng)詞，則不論從句主語是單、復(fù)數(shù)，均用were。

28、例如：It s all, all covered with blots as if she were crying on the paper.到處，到處都是淚痕，像是她趴在信紙上哭過。It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看來天氣很快就會(huì)好起來。（實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大，謂語用陳述語氣。）They completely ignore these facts they never existed.（與事實(shí)相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。 ）He looks he had been hit by lighting.（與事實(shí)相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。 ） I

29、t looks the weather may pick up very soon.（實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大，謂語用陳述語氣。 ）4）the way, how 引導(dǎo) 用于口語或非正式文體中。the way = the way that, the way in which / in the wayhow = in whatever mannerHe doesn t speak the way I do.他說話的方式和我的不一樣。Do it the way you were taught. 要按照教導(dǎo)你的那樣去做。This steak is cooked just how I like it. 這牛排正

30、式在按照我喜歡的那樣去做。I should do the jobmy father did.5）由 like 引導(dǎo)在口語或非正式文體中，有時(shí)可用like代替as或as if。例如：I wish I could paint like （=as） he did.我希望我能像他那樣畫畫。It rained like （=as if）the sky were falling. 下著大雨，好像天要塌下來似的。III. 比較狀語從句比較狀語從句表達(dá)人或事物的屬性或特征的不同程度。常由as -as （和一樣），not as / so（不像那樣），than （比）,the （越越 等引導(dǎo)。1） as+原級(jí)+a

31、s （第一個(gè)as是副詞，含 如此”的意思，在主句說明所比內(nèi)容的程度；第二 個(gè)as是連詞，含 比”或 如此”的意思，引導(dǎo)從句）。例如：Our classroom is as big as theirs. 我們的課室跟他們的一樣大。I hope you like it as much as I do. 我喜歡你跟我一樣喜歡它。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，比較成分的前面常用表示倍數(shù)的詞如-times （ 倍），twice （兩倍）等來表示相比較的兩個(gè)成分相差的倍數(shù)，通常譯作 像幾倍那樣多”，是的幾倍”。例如：A+be+ 倍數(shù)（twice/ three times/ four times/ ）+ as + adj/

32、adv 原級(jí) + as+ BThis tree is twice as tall as that one.The speed of sounds in water is about four times as great as in air.聲音在水中的速度是空氣中的 4 倍左右。This book is twice as thin as that one. 這本書的厚度是那本書的二分之一。A+be+ 倍數(shù)（twice/ three times/ four times/ ）+ adj 比較級(jí) + than+ B This tree is twice taller than that one.A

33、+be+ 倍數(shù)(twice/ three times/ four times/ )+ the +n(size, length, height, width, )+ of +BThis tree is twice the height of that one.2）not so /as -as （不像那樣，不如）。第一個(gè)as/so是副詞，在主句中作狀語，修飾其 后的形容詞/副詞；第二個(gè)as是連詞，引導(dǎo)從句。not so “as比not as “as用得比較普遍。 例如：The weather is not so cold as it was last winter. 天氣不如去年冬天那么冷。It

34、is not as easy as you think. 事情并不像你想的那么容易。The work did not go so smoothly as we hoped. 這工作并不像我們希望的那樣順利。3）形容詞 /副詞的比較級(jí) +than+ 被比較的對(duì)象 。表示兩個(gè)人或事物在某（些）方面的差別。 than 是連詞，引導(dǎo)從句。后面被比較對(duì)象如果是名詞，多用省略形式，省去與主句中相 同的部分。This flower is less beautiful than that one but sweeter than that one. 這朵花不如那朵花看，但比它香。Man grows faste

35、r than the planet he inhabits. 人類成長的速度遠(yuǎn)比他居住的星球快得多。從句中的主語（名詞）如果與主句中的主語一致，為了避免重復(fù)，常用that 代替不可數(shù)或某些可數(shù)名詞，用 those 代替可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞，用 one 或 ones 代替可數(shù)名詞 。例如：The result of this experiment is better than that of the last one. 這次實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果要比上次好。The students in our class are more diligent than those in their class. 我們班的學(xué)生比他們

36、班的學(xué)生用功。比較狀語從句的動(dòng)詞，如果與主句的謂語動(dòng)詞一致，且為行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，常用do（does，did ）代替，以免重復(fù) 。例如：We have produced even more coal this year than we did that year. 我們今年出產(chǎn)煤要比去年出產(chǎn)得更多。We seemed to understand human nature as well as do science. 你不但通曉科學(xué)，而且似乎也同樣洞察人性。She drives better than her husband does. 她開車開得比她丈夫好。4）no比較級(jí)+than ”（不比多，不少

37、于）。no是副詞，在主句中作狀語，修飾形容詞 或副詞的比較級(jí)； than 是連詞，引導(dǎo)從句。 例如：Tom is no less diligent than peter. 湯姆用功不比彼得差。（湯姆和彼得同樣用功） He feels no better today than he did yesterday. 他今天的感覺不比昨天好。（他今天的感覺跟昨天同樣不好。）5）句型the “the （越越）。即：從句：the +比較級(jí)，主句：the +比較級(jí)The more we study, the more we discover our ignorance. 我們?cè)綄W(xué)習(xí)，就越發(fā)現(xiàn)自己無知。 主句

38、如果是將來時(shí)，從句可用現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。例如：The longer the treatment is delayed, the worse the prognosis will be. 延誤治療的時(shí)間越長，預(yù)后越差?！?the 句型通常是從句在前，主句在后；這時(shí)，主句和從句均用倒裝語序。有時(shí)， 主句在前，從句在后；這時(shí)，主句不必用倒裝語序，分句之前通常不用逗號(hào)。例如：An object draws the harder, the more matter it contains. 有的物質(zhì)越多，它的引力就越大。 I like you ( the) more, the more I know yo

39、u. 我越了解你，就越喜歡你。 主句的主、謂語有時(shí)可用半倒裝語序，以保持句子的平衡。例如：The more you read, the better will you write. 你讀得越多， 寫得就越好?！皌he 句型的省略形式。這種句型的句子如果意思明顯，用省略句的很多：主句的 主語和動(dòng)詞可以省略，有時(shí)主句和從句的主語和動(dòng)詞都可以省略。例如：The more, the better. 越多越好。The higher the temperature(is), the greater the pressure( is ) . 溫度越高，壓力越大。比較狀語從句練習(xí) :一填空：1. He loo

40、ks _ _ a brick wall. (nervous)2. Drive _ _ you can. (safe)3. His new boss is much his last. (interesting)4. The car is running less it used to. (smoothly)5. You are person I ve met. (annoying)6. We ll drive a bit you do, so we ll get there first. (fast)7. I like Jack and Tom, but I think Jack is of the two. (nice)8. You re far I am. (tolerant)9. Is your mother any ? (relaxed)10. She s of the Smith girls. (sensible)11. Could you come you usually do.12. Honey is just about sugar. (sweet)13. Doesn t Alice look a bit he did last week? (unhappy)14.