完整word版專八改錯(cuò)技巧總結(jié)推薦文檔

1、英語(yǔ)專八改錯(cuò)解題思路（1）（2）（3）（1）（3）（4）1.宏觀層面分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)（理順整個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，必要時(shí)檢索上下文）邏輯關(guān)系（關(guān)聯(lián)詞選擇：并列、遞進(jìn)、因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、假設(shè)、讓步等） 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)（完成時(shí)和虛擬語(yǔ)氣是考查重點(diǎn)）2.微觀層面分析缺漏（介詞、代詞、引導(dǎo)詞）（2）冗余（兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)、同義重復(fù)）誤用（詞性、分詞、正反義、主被動(dòng)、形容詞和副詞級(jí)別）一致性（名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、主謂一致、先行詞）（5）詞義與固定搭配3.注意事項(xiàng)（1） 即使按照語(yǔ)感很快找到了疑似錯(cuò)誤，也要堅(jiān)持讀完全句再做判斷，可能會(huì)有新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。過(guò)于相信第一感覺(jué)而帶來(lái)的失分是劃不來(lái)的。（2）分兩次改比較合理，因?yàn)楫吘怪挥猩贁?shù)人能夠在第一遍看材

2、料的時(shí)候就找出所有的錯(cuò) 誤，盡管這些錯(cuò)誤不見(jiàn)得隱藏得多深。（3） ?？碱}型，高度警惕。冠詞：the變a, a變the，補(bǔ)the補(bǔ)a，刪a刪the，每年都 玩的把戲。近義詞：例如 distinet 和 distinctive ,單復(fù)數(shù)：無(wú)非是his變their之類的，關(guān)鍵是細(xì)心。move 和 movement , interest 和 interests 反義詞：尤其看到 dis, un, im , in, non之類的，更要琢磨一下。關(guān)聯(lián)詞：幾乎是保留節(jié)目，and, but, however, though, moreover, therefore非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：見(jiàn)了 ing想ed,見(jiàn)了 ed想i

3、ng,就是這么賤。虛擬語(yǔ)氣：注意一形容詞比較級(jí)：多半是把原形改為比較級(jí)。考的頻率也蠻高的。 下還是比較容易看出來(lái)的，多長(zhǎng)個(gè)心眼兒吧。動(dòng)詞詞組：其實(shí)It :有時(shí)要加，有時(shí)要?jiǎng)h，有時(shí)要變itself，總之多盯“它”幾眼。主要是介詞的問(wèn)題，這個(gè)沒(méi)辦法臨時(shí)抱佛腳，要靠積累.改錯(cuò)：1、改錯(cuò)雖然為主觀題，但錯(cuò)誤類型相對(duì)集中，可分為以下幾種情況： 定冠詞：a, an, the誤用，甚至多出來(lái)；解決辦法：分析定冠詞的主語(yǔ)及上下文有無(wú)指代； 級(jí)：分兩類錯(cuò)誤，第一種是原級(jí)用成比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)用成最高級(jí)，反之亦然。有一種除外， 是兩者比較誰(shuí)最好，可以用最高級(jí)；第二種是意思相反，如most改為least；連詞錯(cuò)誤：也分

4、兩種，第一種為連詞誤用，應(yīng)該表示轉(zhuǎn)折的用成了并列，比如while改為and ；如 adv.+adj.+n.,如下第二種為近義詞。在不同語(yǔ)境中用 However, Nonetheless,比用but更合適，更合乎語(yǔ)法；（與 邏輯關(guān)系也有關(guān)，看上下文，聯(lián)系語(yǔ)境） 詞性錯(cuò)誤：多出現(xiàn)為形容詞轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦痹~，反之亦然；也有可能是限定， 所說(shuō)；形容詞改為動(dòng)詞或名詞等，多出現(xiàn)在一詞多性的情況下；形容詞限定錯(cuò)誤：出現(xiàn)在adj.+adj.+n.要知道第1個(gè)adj.是限定第2個(gè)adj.還是限定n.；若是限定第2個(gè)adj.，大多改為副詞 adv.；搭配錯(cuò)誤：多為介詞搭配錯(cuò)誤，如in some extent改為to，re

5、ly in改為on等；也有搭配詞沒(méi)有給出，需要自己添加，比如defi ne.as ；詞義錯(cuò)誤：比如：rather than改為other than ；（此項(xiàng)比較難）近義形容詞錯(cuò)誤：例如：respective, respectable, respectful, respecting, respected ；（此項(xiàng)比較難）缺失：例如the fact后面直接接了句子，中間缺少that，表明同位關(guān)系；多余：有的地方莫名其妙多出一個(gè)詞，多為介詞，是沒(méi)有用的；詞義相反：多出現(xiàn)在形容詞，需要在前面添加或去掉in-, im-, ir-, un-等否定前綴；主動(dòng)被動(dòng)：分析主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯關(guān)系是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)，

6、多出現(xiàn)在分句中；是的話如何判斷謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是單for which用成了 which，要知道that，比如人和物搭配，序數(shù)詞，三單：主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，主語(yǔ)是否為不可數(shù)名詞,數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，還是有特殊用法；時(shí)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在時(shí)用為過(guò)去式，或者進(jìn)行時(shí)用成了現(xiàn)在時(shí)等； 定語(yǔ)從句用錯(cuò)先行詞：which用成了 that ；難點(diǎn)兒的比如：for which=why, in / at which=where ；還有什么情況下必須用 the one, the only,不缺任何成分，有否定詞，有all等；以下八大高頻考點(diǎn)的分類出自華研 專八人文知識(shí)與改錯(cuò)，現(xiàn)將八大類錯(cuò)誤 整理如下，主要包括：1.短語(yǔ)搭配錯(cuò)誤；2.易混詞

7、錯(cuò)誤；3.邏輯關(guān)系錯(cuò)誤；4.代 詞錯(cuò)誤（一致錯(cuò)誤）；5.冠詞錯(cuò)誤；6.形容詞和副詞使用錯(cuò)誤；7.成分殘缺或冗 余；8.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)或語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。 筆者認(rèn)為這八類錯(cuò)誤基本涵蓋了改錯(cuò)考試中出現(xiàn) 的錯(cuò)誤，首先了解錯(cuò)誤類型，對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì)改錯(cuò)具有重要意義。另外，筆者在總結(jié)華研專八人文知識(shí)與改錯(cuò)和星火 專八改錯(cuò)滿分突破60篇兩本練習(xí)冊(cè) 中近100篇改錯(cuò)題的基礎(chǔ)上，搜集其中出現(xiàn)的所有典型錯(cuò)誤例子（語(yǔ)法詞匯類 錯(cuò)誤居多），并根據(jù)所屬錯(cuò)誤類型整理如下。（注意：帶一 的表示前邊的是錯(cuò)誤的，后邊的是改正之后的；其他的沒(méi)有正確錯(cuò)誤之 分）to let alone- let alone1. 短語(yǔ)搭配錯(cuò)誤 （大部分為介詞錯(cuò)誤）car

8、ry/get with things- carry/get on with thingsin return to- in return forthe n eed of- the n eed forinject them lethal stra ins- inject them with lethal stra insaccou nt 70% - accou nt for 70%substitute A with B- substitute A for Bun der the gro unds of/thath on the grounds of/thatattitude on life 亠 a

9、ttitude towards/to lifein a quick sp eed- at a quick sp eedwith many resp ectsh in many resp ectsat the face of o in the face(s) ofcon sideratio ns to- considerations forbecome victims of - become victims to-ride in a trainh ride on a trainthe p roblems with the gover nment- the p roblems for the go

10、ver nmentresistive aga inst o resistive toresista nee of o resista nee toembark sth h embark on sthwith the belief thath in the belief thatat adva nee of sth- in adva nee of sthinterpretto in terpretasin line to- in line withto vari ng degreeso in vari ng degreestake p ride of o take p ride inleap o

11、ut to me - lea p out at mecharge him with the same pricecharge him the same priceimbala nee of A and B imbala nee betwee n A and Bshortage of p rotein with themo shartage of p rotein among themfortify sb for sth o fortify sb against sth （ 加強(qiáng)以抵御）shed light to sth shed light on sthin prop orti on with

12、 o in prop orti on topay for it with dollars pay for it in dollarsbe in liberty to- be at liberty tobegi n at doing- beg in with doingbe con trasted to be con trasted withcommit an offence tocommit an offence aga instmoder n time h moder n timesability of （do ing） sth ability in （do ing） sthdefe nd

13、sth aga inst defe nd sth fromconscious -conscientiousstati onary -stati onerycon siderate - con siderableat the first place in the first p lacepay money in doing- pay money for doingtake to do - take to doing （求助于，開(kāi)始 ” to 為介詞）year n to o year n forat average on averageiden tify on eself toide ntify

14、on eself withbe successful on doing o be successfulat/in doingget one s teeth on get one埋頭做feth認(rèn)真做）the action of formati on- the action of forming （of后應(yīng)接動(dòng)名詞而非名詞 ）app roach to do app roach to doing one con tributor ofo one con tributor tocon sumers dema nd of luxury goods o con sumers dema nd for lux

15、ury goodssuit to sb/sth suit for sb/sthon one s 30s- in oneaskGtds - balk at （回避，繞過(guò)）differ A from B o dist in guish A from Bvary by -vary withemp hasis of-emp hasis on2. 易混詞錯(cuò)誤（1）形近異義詞imag in ative -imagi naryada pt-ado ptconfirm -conformpersonal - personnelformer -formaldiary -dairybeside -besides p

16、rincipal -principleintelligent -intelligibleaffect（影響）-effect（致使、達(dá)成） con tact -con tractmoral -moralein dustrious-in dustrialdesert -dessertrequire -acquire -inquirepresenee -presentationsensible -sensitivetransformation-transmissionvalue -evaluatetense-te nsionanything -someth ingcooker -cookcomp l

17、exity（ 復(fù)雜性）-co mpl ex（合成體）in sura nee -assura neeprovide（提供）-provided/providing（ 假設(shè)，如果）perceive -conceiveeffective（有效的）-affective（受影響的，由 引起的）（2）形近（形異）近義詞latter -later late（遲的，已故的）Tatest（最晚的，最新的）farther（距離更遠(yuǎn)）-further（程度更進(jìn)一步） healthy（健康的）-healthful（有益健康的）effective - efficie ntcontinual（連續(xù)的）-continuous

18、（持續(xù)不斷的）resp ectable - resp ectfulhistoric - historicalrise -arise -raise -arousesure -insure -ensure -assurein return to- in response toopposite -oppositionp roduci ng -p roductiveIonely -alone across -crossimpressed - impressivepermit（n.通行證）-permissionrelati ng -relatedmemoriz ing -memorablenormal（

19、n.常態(tài)，通常標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，一般水平）-norm（規(guī)范，行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）favorite - favorableacce ptability- acce ptanceecono mical -ec ono micfew -littlea few -fewlittle -a littleinvent -discoverbefore -agoano ther - otheragent（代理人）-agency（代理機(jī)構(gòu)） reward（回饋）-award（獎(jiǎng)賞）close（接近地、緊密地）-closely（緊密地、嚴(yán)密地）most（最）-most（大部分）special -specific（3）兼有兩種形式的副詞

20、firstly -first （firstly用于列舉條目或者表示順序,first表示時(shí)間上 第一次、首次”）late -latelyhardly（幾乎不）-hard（努力地） sure - surely clear（完全地、徑直地）-clearly（顯然、清楚地） high（高度高地）-highly（程度高地、非常）（4）反義詞with -withoutpossible -impossiblesubjective -objectiveempio yee -empio yerimport -exportbetter -worseemployment -unemploymentmodifiabl

21、e -unm odifiablen atural - unn aturaldiscer nable -in discer nablelent - borrowedexclusive - inclusiveindependency -dependencywilling -unwillingagree -disagreeno thi ng more tha n-nothing less tha nrarely -frequently / oftensp ecific-ge neralless -more （still more -still less）most -leastknown -unkno

22、wnresp ective -irres pective （irres pective of表示不管”majority -min orityresult in -result fromfortun ately-unfortun atelypo werful -po werlesseas in ess -un eas in esspro fessi onal-amateuraware -unaware include -exclude（5）名詞單復(fù)數(shù)異義moral -morals（作名詞時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示道德、倫理”）collection（不可數(shù)名詞表示各種因素集合體” ）c-lections（

23、可數(shù)名詞表示收藏品”）manner（方法,方式）-manners（禮儀,禮節(jié)）saving -savings（復(fù)數(shù)表示存款”）specie（硬幣）-species（種類）（species 只有單數(shù)）mean（n.平均值）-means（方法）（6）易混短語(yǔ)live with（同一起生活，忍受）-live by（靠過(guò)活）go about （doing） sth（開(kāi)始做某事，四處走動(dòng)，流傳,經(jīng)常從事于）-go around（四處走動(dòng)，繞道走）tend to - intend toin next week（以當(dāng)下時(shí)間為基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn) ）-in the next week（以過(guò)去的時(shí)間為基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)）spend in

24、 doing sthspend - on sth die of（內(nèi)咅B(yǎng)） -die from（ 外部 ）rather tha n- other tha nhave sb do sth -have sth donetake on（從事，開(kāi)始對(duì)付，呈現(xiàn) ）-go on（繼續(xù)） take place -take the place ofconsist in（在于）-consist of（包括） in all（總共）-after all（畢竟）in return（作為報(bào)答）-in turn（反過(guò)來(lái)，輪流） one reas on for + 短語(yǔ) -one reas on why + 句子bring

25、out（使顯露，使顯現(xiàn)）-bring up（教育，培養(yǎng)，提出，（船）抵達(dá)目的地） be worth doing - be worthwhile to doreact to（對(duì)作出反應(yīng)）-react with（以作出反應(yīng)） applyt將應(yīng)用于）-apply for（請(qǐng)求，申請(qǐng)）therefore- n evertheless/however3. 邏輯關(guān)系錯(cuò)誤（連詞使用錯(cuò)誤）（大部分therefore都要改為however,反之亦然）and -but / whileor -andbut - because moreover - howeverafter - beforesince -althou

26、ghthere is no there is alsothat -iffrom now on - from the n onall -nonebesides -yetif -uniessbesides -excepttherefore -becauseso -becauseso does hen either/ nor does hethat s wh結(jié)果-that s because原因as if -even ifwhether -if4. 代詞錯(cuò)誤（一致錯(cuò)誤）their - itsthat - those （需要特別注意）which -that （有些情況下關(guān)系代詞只能用that）whic

27、h -whatit -itself （主賓相同，賓語(yǔ)用反身代詞）that/this -it （只有it可作形式主語(yǔ)）his -one 泛指時(shí)用 one）you -yourselfit -theythis -suchXX is less sop histicated tha n what they are today today-XX is less sop histicated tha n they are5.冠詞錯(cuò)誤（1）定冠詞多余on the either side on either side in win ter （季節(jié)前不加定冠詞）in the Europe - inEuropein

28、 the wi nterhKaufma n, the/a n author of a recent book完全對(duì)等關(guān)系，不必使用冠詞）-Kaufma n, author of a recent book（同位語(yǔ)間take the issue o take issue（ 對(duì)持異議，不同意 ）(2)定冠詞缺漏among most among the mostone of first one of the firstatmosphere - the atmosphere（ 表示獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物 ）（另外還有如：the Equator, theOuters pace ）betwee n us and

29、rest o betwee n us and the restin mi nority in the min orityaround flooraround the floorcomp arative high prop orti on comp aratively high prop orti onat heart of at the heart ofpiano - the piano (西洋樂(lè)器的前面要有定冠詞En glish Ian guage - the En glish Ian guageworld - the world(表示 地球這種獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物要加定冠詞) in long r

30、un o in the long run第一次提及)(3)定冠詞與不定冠詞之間的誤用illustrate the further differe neeo illustrate a further differe nee （difere nee注意以下短語(yǔ)的區(qū)別in church - in the churchin court - in the courtat college - at the collegein hospital - in the hospitalin office -in the officein prison - in the prisonat sea - at the

31、seain school -in the schoolat table - at the tablehave bee n curre ntly- curre nt6.形容詞與副詞使用錯(cuò)誤be well equipped as be as well equipped asheavy in dustrializedo heavily-i ndustrializedsp read colossal - sp read colossally similar strong similarly strongkee p the nu mber con sta ntly at X a year o kee p

32、 nu mber con sta nt at X a yearfeel hop eless thwarted feel hop elessly thwarted（quakes） start dee ply in the eartho start dee p in the earthin the p assed 5 yearso in the p ast 5 yearsculture embedded attitudes culturally embedded attitudesas much as as often asfrom one meter afar o from one meter

33、awayin creas ing o in creas in glysimple - simplypure - purelymuch o many many o morelarge o largerearly o earlier7.成分殘缺或多余（單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤）a world which I could get- a world in which I could getshows - that shows （先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞不可省略）take for gran ted thato take it for grated that1980 -1980sone of the most glari ng form o one of the mist glari ng formstheir jobs en gage in their in terest- their jobs en gage their in terest （e ngage示