(完整版)四年級(jí)英語(yǔ)小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及習(xí)題

1、小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及習(xí)題、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1. 一般情況下，直接力卩-s, 如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2. 以 s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，力卩-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3 .以 輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i, 再力卩-es, 如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4. 以“或fe結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5. 不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men,woman-women,pol

2、iceman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-children,foot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 寫(xiě)出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I _him _this her watch _child _photo _diary day_ foot_ book_ dress tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich man_ woman_ p

3、aper_ juicewater_milk_ rice_ tea般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue天空是藍(lán)色的。2. 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3. 表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the su地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be 動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ) +be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy我是一個(gè)男孩。2. 行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ) +行為動(dòng)詞 (+其它)。如：We study En glis

4、h我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)(he, she,it)寸，要在動(dòng)詞后加-s或-es。女口： Mary likes Chinese瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ) + be + not +其它。女口： He is not a worker他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句： Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。如： -Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞 +一般疑問(wèn)句。如： Where is my bike?2. 行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ) + dont( doesnt ) +動(dòng)詞原形 (+其它)。如：I dont

5、like bread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does nt構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑問(wèn)句： Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形 +其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞 +一般疑問(wèn)句。 如： How does your father go to work?動(dòng)詞+s的變

6、化規(guī)則1. 一般情況下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2. 以 s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，力卩-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3 .以 輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專(zhuān)練 :一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)drink go stay make look havepass carry come watchplantfly studybrushdo teach二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often (have)

7、 dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy (be) in Class One.3. We (not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they (like) the World Cup?6. What they often (do) on Saturdays?7. your parents (read) newspapers every day?8. The girl (teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I (take) a wal

8、k together every evening.10. There (be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike (like) cooking.12. They (have) the same hobby.13. My aunt (look) after her baby carefully.14. You always (do) your homework well.15. I (be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She (go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao (do) n

9、ot like PE.18. The child often (watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang (have) eight lessons this term.20. What day (be) it today? It s Saturday.三、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.改為否定句)2. I do my homework every day.改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作肯定回答)4. Amy likes playin

10、g computer games.改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答 )5. We go to school every morning.改為否定句)6. He speaks English very well.改為否定句)7. I like taking photos in the park.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))8. John comes from Canada對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))9. She is always a good student改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)10. Sim on and Da niel like goi ng skat in g.改 為否定句)五、改錯(cuò)伐U出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的

11、寫(xiě)在橫線上)1. Is your brother speak En glish?2. Does he likes going fish ing?3. He likes play games after class.4. Mr. Wu teachs us En glish.5. She don t do her homework on Sun days.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行 的動(dòng)作。2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 be+動(dòng)詞ing.3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把 be

12、動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞+ be +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞ing?但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞+ be +動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1. 一般情況下，直接加ing,如：cook-cooking2. 以不發(fā)音的 e結(jié)尾，去 e加 ing，如: make-making, taste-tasting3. 如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopp ing現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：playrunswimmakegolike writeskireadhavesing da

13、nceputseebuylovelivetakecome getstopsitbeginshop二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1. The boy(draw) a picture now.2. Liste n .Some girls(sing) in the classroom.3. My mother(cook) some n ice food now.4. Whatyou(do) now?5. Look. They(have) an En glish less on.6. They(not, water) the flowers now.7. Look! The girls(dance

14、)in the classroom .8. What is our gran ddaughter doing? She(liste n ) to music.9. It 5 os clock now. Wehave) supper now10. Helen(wash )clothes? Yes, she is.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. They are doing housework.分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句)2The students are cleaning the classroom . 改（ 一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答 ） 3I m playing the football in the

15、 playgronud .（對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn) ）4Tom is reading books in his study . 對(duì)（ 劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn) ）四、將來(lái)時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、 計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。 句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： tomorrow, n ext day（week, mon th, year）,so on, the day after tomorfOW天）等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)： be going to + do； will+ do.三、 否定句：在 be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are 后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 will后加not成won。例如：I m going

16、to have a pic nic this after noon. I m not going to have a pic nic this after noon.四、一般疑問(wèn)句：be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or,第一二人稱(chēng)互換。例如： We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。一般情況,一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。1. 問(wèn)人。 Who 例如： I m going to New York soon.

17、Who s going to New York soon.2. 問(wèn)干什么。What do.例 如：My father is going to watch a race with me this after noon. What isyour father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When.例如：She s going to go to bed at nine.When is sh going to bed?六、同義句： be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow （明

18、天）.=I will go swimming tomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihave a picnic with my friends.I have a picnic with my friends.2. 下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛 ? 我想去打籃球。What next Monday? I playbasketball.What you do next Monday? I play basketball.3. 你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是,她要去買(mǎi)一些水果。 your mother go shopping this ?Yes, she . She buy some f

19、ruit.4. 你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。What time you meet?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancygoing to go camping.6. I ll go and join them（改否定）Igojoin them.7. I m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow改一般疑問(wèn)句） to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30（. 改一般疑問(wèn)句） meet at the bus stop at 10:30

20、.9. She is going to listen to music after school（. 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)） she after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow同 上） going to see a play the day after tomorrowPEP小學(xué)英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型語(yǔ)法總結(jié) 人教版PEP教材在小學(xué)階段涉及的重要語(yǔ)法知識(shí)主要有7種：canto be句型、there be句型、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句型、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)句型、一般過(guò)去時(shí)句型、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 引導(dǎo)的型、be go

21、ing to句型等。現(xiàn)以5-8冊(cè)書(shū)為例，簡(jiǎn)要總結(jié)如下：一to be句型：用于介紹個(gè)人情況如姓名、健康狀況、身份、國(guó)籍、家庭成員、朋友、職業(yè)等，描述地點(diǎn)、顏色、四季、日期、星期幾等，該句型廣泛分布于各冊(cè)教材中，其中58冊(cè)的句型主要有：1. Whos your English teacher?Mr. Carter.2. What s he likeH?es tall and strong.3. Is she quiet? No, she isn She isvet.ry active.4. Is she strict? Yes, she is, but shes very kind.5. What

22、 day is it today? ItednesdsayW.6. What s your favourite fruit/food？7. They re sweet/ sour/ salty/ healthy/8. When is your birthday? Its in May.9. My birthday is in June. Uncle Bill s birthday is in June, too.10. Is her birthday in June? Yes, it is.11. What hsetdate?12. This is Zhang Peng.13. Where i

23、s the cinema, please? Its next to the hospital.14. How tall are you？ I m 164 cm tall.15. You are shorter than me.16. Youre 4 cm taller than me.17. How heavy are you? Im 48 kg.18. I m thinnernthyaou, and shorter.19. What s the matter with you?My throat is sore.20. How are you, Liu Yun / Sarah?二 there

24、 be句型：表示存在，即： 某處有某物”或 某時(shí)有某事”句型基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：There is+可數(shù) 名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞+時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)。There are+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+地點(diǎn)。該句型主要分布在第5冊(cè)的Unit 5和 Unit 6 中，如：1. There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room.2. There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet.3. Is there a forest in the park? Yes, there is.4. Is there a river? No,

25、 there isn t.5. Are there any pandas in the mountains?No, there aren t.6. Are there any fish in the rivers? Yes, there are.三一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句型：表示習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或行為，或現(xiàn)在存在著的狀況。句型基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞+其他。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞原形后面加s或es,其他人稱(chēng)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)則用動(dòng)詞原形，在問(wèn)句及否定句中需要用助 動(dòng)詞do或does。這種句型通常 有一些 標(biāo)志詞，女口：usually often sometimes never always 等。該句型主要分

26、布在第 5 冊(cè) Unit2&3，第 6 冊(cè) Unit1 &2,第 7冊(cè) Unit4,5,6, 第 8冊(cè) Unit2 中。如：Book5:1. What do you have on Thursdays? We have English, math and science on Thursdays.2. What do you do on Saturdays? I watch TV on Saturdays.3. I do my homework.4. What do you have for lunch on Mondays? We have tomatoes, tofu and fish.5

27、. I like fruit. But I dont like grapes.Book6:1. When do you eat dinner? I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening.2. When do you get up? I usually get up at 12:00 noon.3. What do you do on the weekend? Usually I watch TV and go shopping.4. Sometimes I visit my grandparents. I often play football. Sometime

28、s I go hiking.5. Which season do you like best? I like winter best.6. Why do you like summer/winter?Book7:1. How do you go to school, Sarah?2. Usually I go to school on foot. Sometimes I go by bike.3. I like collecting stamps. He likes collecting stamps, too.4. Does she teach math?Yes, she does.5. D

29、oes she teach English？ No, she doesn Sht.e teaches math.6. What does your mother do? What does your father do?7. Where does she work? She works in a car company.8. How does she go to work? She goes to work by bus.9. Where does the rain come from? It comes from the clouds.10. Where does the cloud com

30、e from? It comes from the vapour.11. Where does the vapour come from? It comes from the water in the river.12. The sun shines and the water becomes vapour.13. How do you do that?Book8:1. My nose hurts.2. How do you feel? I feel sick. How does Amy feel?3. You look so happy. You look sad today.四現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)句

31、型：表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或事件，或在短期內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的情況。標(biāo)志詞是：now也常用在Look! Listen!等后面。句型主要結(jié)構(gòu)為：be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are) +動(dòng)詞現(xiàn) 在分詞(v. ing)。該句型主要分布在第 6冊(cè)Unit4, 5, 6中。如：1. What are you doing? I m doing the dishes.I m reading a book.2. Grandpa is writing a letter. Brother is doing homework. Mom is cooking dinner in the kitchen.3. He

32、 is writing an e-mail in the study.3. What is it doing ? It s eating bananas.4. What is she doing ? Shes jumping.5. What are they doing ? Theyre swimming.They re climbing trees.6. Are you eating lunch? No, we aren t.7. Are they eating the honey? Yes, they are.8. Is he playing chess? Yes, he is.9. Is

33、 she counting insects? No, she isn t.五一般過(guò)去時(shí)句型：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束的事件、動(dòng)作或情況。句型基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 +其他。標(biāo)志詞通常是：yesterday, last week , last year 等，在問(wèn)句與否定句中要用助動(dòng)詞did。該句型分布在第8冊(cè)Unit3&4中。如：1. What did you do last weekend? I played football.2. Did you help them clean their room? Yes, I did.3. What did you do yesterday? I we