初中定語從句講解及練習(xí)

1、 初中定語從句講解及練習(xí) 定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。 女口： 1) The man who lives n ext to us is a policema n. 2) You must do everyth ing that I do. 叫先行詞，定語從句放在先行詞的 上面兩句中的 man和everything是定語從句所修飾的詞， 后面。 所有格whose)和關(guān)系副詞where, 引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞that, which, who(賓格who, when、why 3、在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分 關(guān)系詞常有三個(gè)作用：1、引導(dǎo)定語從句2、代替先行詞 二、關(guān)系代

2、詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 1. who指人，在從句中做主語 (1) The boys who are playi ng football are from Class One. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，?？墒÷浴?(1) Mr. Liu is the pers on (whom) you talked about. who代替，可省略。 注意：關(guān)系代詞 whom在口語和非正式語體中常用 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my frie

3、nd. 3. which指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時(shí)可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which在句子中做主語 ) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做賓語) 4. that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于 who或者whom;指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于 which。 在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時(shí)可省略。 (5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.( 在句子

4、中做主語 ) (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?(在句子中做賓語 ) 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語 (1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i once lived in a house whose roof has falle n in. whose指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替 (3) the classroom whose door is broke n will soon be repaired. (4) the classroom the

5、 door of which is broke n will soon be repaired. (5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三、關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時(shí)，從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo) (1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) the school in which he once studied is very famo

6、us. (3) tomorrow i will bring here a magaz ine (that/which) you asked for. (4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) well go to hear the famous sin ger (whom/that/who) we have ofte n talked about. (6) well go to hear the famous sin ger about whom we have ofte n talked. 注意：1.

7、含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語一般不拆開使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等 (1) this is the watch which/that i am look ing for. (t) (2) this is the watch for which i am look ing. (f) 2. 若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用 whom,不可用who或者that;指物時(shí)用which , 不能用that; (1) the man with whom you talked is my friend, (t) (2) the man who/that you

8、talked with is my friend, (f) (3) the pla ne in which we flew to can ada is very comfortable. (t) (4) the pla ne in that we flew in to can ada is very comfortable. (f) 3. 介詞+關(guān)系代詞前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代詞或者數(shù)詞 (1) he loved his pare nts deeply, both of whom are very kin

9、d to him. (2) in the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. (3) there are forty stude nts in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 解答介詞+關(guān)系代詞類型的定語從句題時(shí)，關(guān)鍵在于分析定語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞(該動(dòng)詞 是不及物動(dòng)詞)習(xí)慣上常與什么介詞搭配使用。這就需要同學(xué)們?cè)谄綍r(shí)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)要注重某些不 及物動(dòng)詞和介詞慣用的情形，并要靈活運(yùn)用。例如： in the dark street, ther

10、e was nt a sin gle pers onshe could tur n for help. a. that b. who c. from whom d. to whom 簡(jiǎn)析：本題定語從句中的turn與介詞to構(gòu)成固定短語turn to sb. for help (向某人求助)。 所以，d是正確選項(xiàng)。 定語從句練習(xí) 練習(xí)(一) 請(qǐng)分析一下定語從句：(請(qǐng)劃出定語從句，并標(biāo)出先行詞 ) 1. Check the ways you study for an En glish test. 2. Ano ther thing that I found very difficult was E

11、n glish grammar. 3. You couldn t understansople who talked fast. 4. I have some ideas that may help. 5. They said something you didn t like. 二、 用關(guān)系代詞填空：that、which、who、whom、whose 1. This is the manwants to see you. 2. The stude ntan swered the questi on is Zhang Hua. 3. The manyou went to see has com

12、e. 4. The manI met yesterday lent me some mon ey. 8. The manwas pass ing by saw what happe ned. 9. Here is the penyou lost the day before yesterday. 10. These booksyou lent me were very useful. 三、單項(xiàng)選擇 ()1. Your teacher of Chin ese is a young ladycomes from Beiji ng. A. whoB. whichC. whomD. whose ()2

13、 I like the housewin dows face south. A. whoseB. who sC. itsD. its ()3 He was the on ly pers on in his officewas in vited. A. whomB. whoseC. thatD. which ()4. This is the museumwe visited last year. A. whereB. i n whichC. whichD. i n that ()5. Charlie told his mother allhad happe ned. A. thatB. what

14、C. whichD. who 6.Where is the School En glish Speech Con test going to be held toni ght? -I m not sure. Is it in the hall can hold 300 people? A. whereB. what 7.What ki nd of movies do you like? I like moviesscary mon sters. C. that D. whe n A. which has B. that have C. what has D. why have 8. D0 yo

15、u kn ow the manis talki ng to Miss Wu? A. heB. whomC. whoD. which 9. Which is your new n eighbor, Liu Hua? The manT-shirt is red. A. thatB. whoC. whichD. whose 10. Do you know the girlis talki ng with our teacher? Oh, shes my sister. A. whoB. whose . C. whomD. where 11. Peopleoverweight n eed more w

16、ater tha n thin people. A. who isB. which areC. that isD. who are 12. Sorry, we dont have the coatyou n eed. A. what B. who C. whom D. which 13. This is the dictio naryMum gave me for my birthday. A. which B. what C. whose D. whom 14. Do you know the manis sitt ing beh ind Nancy? A. what B. which C.

17、 who D. whom 15. The bookhe bought yesterday is very in teresti ng. A. / B. why C. when D. what 狀語從句專練 I .選擇填空： 1. The man can t get on the bus because thereno room on it. A. wasB. isC. areD. were 2. I was liste ning to the musicthere was a kn ock at the door. A. while B. whe nC. becauseD. un til 3.

18、 I don t know if hetomorrdwhe,I ll meet him. A. will come, comesB. comes, comes C. will come, will comeD. come, will come 4 The teacher un dersta nds thatMaths had always bee n easy for him, it is not easy for the stude nts. since B. uni essC. thoughD. whe n 5. I read, the more I un dersta nd. A. Th

19、e more B. So muchC. How muchD. For all 6. Would you give Joh nny this letter if youto see him this week. A. will happe nB. happe n C. are happe nedD. happe ned 7. She was busy,she couldn t go to your birthday party last night. A. andB. soC. orD. but 8. En glish isa useful la nguageit is spoke n in m

20、any coun tries of the world. A. so that B. such that C. so because D. such because 9. You will succeed if youharder. A. will workB. won t work C. workD. don t work 10. Write clearlyyour teacher can un dersta nd you correctly. A. sinceB. forC. because D. so that 11. His brother has worked therehe lef

21、t school. whe n B. afterC. sinceD. un til 12. The boy didn stop talkingthe second bell rang. whe n B. un tilC. afterD. because 13. He ran as fast as possiblehe could reach school on time. in order to B. so as to C. whe nD. so that 初中賓語從句練習(xí)題 1.1 dont knowhe will come tomorrow.he comes, Ill tell you . A. if; WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if; If 2. Could you tell methe n earest hospital is? A. whatB. howC. whetherD.