中英文文獻(xiàn)翻譯-汽車(chē)裝配工藝現(xiàn)狀_發(fā)展趨勢(shì)和市場(chǎng)預(yù)測(cè)

1、附錄Car assembly tech nique situati on and the developme nt trend of the market forecastabstract the article expo unds auto, engine, tran smissi on, and other key parts assembly process equipme nt manu facture level of gen eral situati on and the prese nt situati on, and for the n ext five years of au

2、tomotive assembly process equipme nt dema nd forecast ing is an alyzed. (priceless cows back I dont n eed to hesitate)1. The engine, tran smissi on, rear axle of key parts and whole vehicle assembly process equipme nt1.1 engine assembly process equipme ntWith the rapid development of Chinas automoti

3、ve industry, especially in the tech no logy and the in troduct ion of foreig n sec on d-ha nd equipme nt to make the engine of recycle, assembly equipme nt level in creased sig nifica ntly. Engine assembly tech no logy and equipme nt are divided into five types: assembly and poi nts assembly assembl

4、y line; Move over load equipme nt; Automatic tight equipme nt; Special assembly equipme nt and test ing equipme nt.1.1.1 engine assembly li ne type and developme nt (ma in stream capital real purpose, analysis found that the best profit opportunities!) Every domestic engine manufacturing en terprise

5、 the engine assembly line type more, can be reduced to roughly; Free groove + double cha in bridge car type; Free groove + an ti-shear tract ion ground track car type; Free groove + take with the ground plate ste nt; Free groove + an ti-shear tract ion ground track car type + take with the ste nt bo

6、ard type; Hanging cha in, etc. All of these are the main assembly line for compulsory water (continuous or batch), and the operation of the main assembly object is consistent with the synchronization), is called (synchronous assembly line or rigid assembly line. Along with the developme nt of the ca

7、r in dustry, engine assembly line is from rigid to the flexible assembly line assembly line direct ion developme nt, flexible assembly line is characteristic of the assembly can beat within a certa in range of free adjustme nt, can achieve more varieties mixed flow product ion and adapt to the cha n

8、ge of producti on program. And because in the assembly operations assembly object and the assembly workers remained relatively static state, to ensure the high quality of the assembly and using special assembly equipment provides convenient conditions, is easy to realize the automation of the assemb

9、ly. So of the introduction of domestic car motor assembly line adopted the flexible assembly line (i.e. asynchronous assembly lin e).At present domestic used for engine assembly asynchronous assembly line, the main types have sin gle GunGang type, frictio n for flexible roller type, double roller ch

10、a in plate and scales, etc. Of General from the United States and Japan imported engine asynchronous assembly line for friction flexible roller type, such as faw two hair and days; Imported from German engine asynchronous assembly line for the single GunGang type, such as for Shanghai Volkswagen and

11、 faw Volkswagen. The big assembly (medium) asynchronous assembly line in Chi nas developme nt, along with in troduc ing car tech no logy and foreig n sec on d-ha nd equipme nt reuse and developed. Beiji ng internal combustio n engine pla nt and faw engine plant in the 80 s were introduced American g

12、eneral motors 2.0 L engine product ion line and the Chrysler 488 engine producti on line, this two producti on lines in assembly and points of the assembly line is the assembly synchronous assembly line. This time can say flexible assembly line is Chinas small and medium-sized machinery in the assem

13、bly product ion to applicati on after the new Chi na, several large motor pla nt, such as Shanghai Volkswagen, faw Volkswagen, tianjin internal combustion engine factory assembly lines are used to introduce the engine of asynchronous assembly line. A few equipme nt manu facturer in China through the

14、 imported tech no logy digestio n absorpti on, already can be desig ned and made for the small and medium-sized machi nery asynchronous assembly line, and used in the product ion. But with the in troduct ion of equipme nt, there is still a gap compared, the main problems and tech ni cal difficulties

15、 is poor reliability, the roll and GunGang wear-resisting of low intensity, and affect the service life of equipment. At present the device is still to introduce primarily, therefore in this respect has yet to be developed further, the domestic equipment will make the cost of production line is grea

16、tly reduced and so in our country are wide developme nt prospects.1.1.2 engine assembly line of the special assembly equipme nt and testi ng equipme nt The applicati on of the flexible assembly line to en sure that products of high quality and high productivity special assembly machine created the c

17、onditions. In the car engine assembly used widely in the DuoTou set torque bolt (mother) tightening machine (also called assembly machine). Tight method using the control torque-corner method, this method is curre ntly the worlds most adva need threaded conn ecti on method. In additi on to the valve

18、 to be automatic assembly machi ne, assembly man ipulator, automatic glue machi ne, the equipme nt that the domestic engine assembly tech no logy level close to the intern atio nal adva need level. I n the car engine assembly, some importa nt joint surface (such as oil pan, water pump shell, etc and

19、 cylinder surface), the combined with rubber seal new craft, replace with the shim betwee n surface, which simplifies the product ion process and also to improve the seal quality .In the key assembly procedure with special in specti on after using automated detection equipment, location of assembly

20、quality control, such as the crankshaft rotat ing torque and axial cleara nee check assembly seali ng check etc.,Main engine assembly equipme nt and the curre nt domestic product ion level see table 1. Table 1 engine assembly main equipme nt and the curre nt domestic product ion level Serial nu mber

21、 device n ame domestic manu facturi ng level1 engine assembly asynchronous assembly line can desig n and manu facture, but low quality, the service life is short,2 the synchroni zati on of cyli nder assembly line curre nt use of the equipme nt and the in troductio n of mai nly.3 the pist on connecti

22、ng rod asynchronous assembly line4 gas door lock in stalled clamp pressure5 the spark plug catheter pressure in stalled6 piston assembly machine design and manufacturing, and domestic to reliable quality, but not now7 the pist on pin pressure have professi onal producti on factory, in stalled produc

23、t ion to disperse, in flue nee the overall level equipme nt8 block turn connecting improve, current use of the equipment to domestic manu facturi ng primarily.9 the piston insert the turntable10 turn tran sfer carrier aircraft11 engine Numbers prin ter12 the Lord bearing cover bolts tight machine ca

24、n design and manufacture, but low quality, high failure rate.13 the connecting rod bolt tightened at home for some factory machine to save the inv estme nt of the key to tighte n head14 the oil pan is tighten bolts introduction, body part machine manufacture its own, basic can meet to use15 to tight

25、en bolts for cylinder head machine. Current use of the equipment for thein troductio n of more tha n 95%.16 the flywheel bolt tight mach ine17 after oil pan and oil seal glue machi ne can desig n and manu facture, but low quality, high failure rate.At prese nt domestic some factory as the key to sav

26、e the in vestme nt of the measured seal18 the cran kshaft rotary torque testi ng mach ine without a try in troducti on, body parts manu facture its own, basic can meet19 valve and catheter sealing testing machines use requirement. Current use of the equipme nt more tha n 95%20 engine assembly and te

27、sti ng machi ne seali ng in troducti on.21 valve cleara nee adjustme nt machi ne1.1.3 engine test equipme nt factoryThe engine test engine products of the factory is final in specti on, in large product ion, in order to in crease the product ion efficie ncy and accuracy of the test data, the engine

28、test-bed system to the factory automatio n system, automatic test bench developme nt factory test-bed system mai nly in cludes three aspects of content.(1) test standard procedure control and various data automatic test. Through the program con trol, the engine can be set accord ing to the program a

29、utomatically accord ing to the requireme nt of the specificatio ns complete test and automatic measureme ntand data an alysis, and all kinds of judgme nt measureme nt data stored in a computer in side.(2) the test-bed automatic rapid conv erge nee. Quick connection test in a very short time to finis

30、h the various pipe automatic quick connection; The engine test bench in the automatic positioning and clamping; The drive shaft automatic docking and a series of actions, and realize the test bench test in stallatio n of automati on, reduc ing the conn ecti on in the test of auxiliary time.(3) the e

31、ngine automatic conv eyer. The factory test automati on is the third part of the content and automation test-bed for supporting the automatic conveyer line, line type gen erally USES the product put type fricti on roller con veyor line. It is equipped with tran sportati on, storage and the function

32、of automatic ide ntificatio n, the con trol system based on the bed put forward feeding sequenceof test bench and the material on the slippery reservoir inven tories, the judge recog niti on engine conveying the sig ns on the tray, automatic pilot test will be the engine to n eeded test bench or sto

33、re material on the slippery, will test the qualified engine to referral point, test unqualified engine to repair station will be empty tray, automatic back to on li ne poin ts.Automatic factory test-bed system in China, began in the 80 s, when some domestic large at the end of the car factory has in

34、troduced a small engine test-bed factory automation, such as Beijing jeep car limited company to introduce the Ingersoll rand automation test-bed. Some equipme nt manu facturer in digest imported tech no logy basis, comb ining with the actual situati on of China imported equipme nt, the gen eric now

35、 sta nd, test specificati on of procedure con trol, the test data of automatic test ing tech no logy and automatic tran smissi on tech no logy in our country is mature, and have a few manu facturer to desig n, manu facture and applicati on in product ion. Tech ni cal difficulties is rapid con verge

36、nee tech no logy, especially the drive shaft rapid conv erge nee of torsi onal vibrati on resista nee and resista nee to the excitedself vibratio n tech no logy, this tech no logy is to be further perfected. If the equipment can localization will make their cost greatly reduce prices for imported eq

37、uipme nt, only one over ten, so in China will have broad developme nt prospects.譯文汽車(chē)裝配工藝現(xiàn)狀發(fā)展趨勢(shì)和市場(chǎng)預(yù)測(cè)摘要全面闡述了汽車(chē)整車(chē)、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、變速器等關(guān)鍵零部件裝配工藝裝備概況及制造水平現(xiàn)狀，并對(duì)未來(lái)五年汽車(chē)裝配工藝裝備需求情況進(jìn)行了分析預(yù)測(cè)。（千金難買(mǎi)?；仡^ 我不需再猶豫）1.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、變速器、后橋等關(guān)鍵零部件及整車(chē)裝配工藝裝備1.1發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)裝配工藝裝備隨著中國(guó)汽車(chē)工業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，特別是引進(jìn)技術(shù)和國(guó)外二手設(shè)備的再利用，使發(fā) 動(dòng)機(jī)裝配的設(shè)備水平大幅度提高。發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)裝配工藝裝備主要分為五個(gè)類(lèi)型：總成和分 總成裝配線

38、；移載翻轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備；自動(dòng)擰緊設(shè)備；專(zhuān)用裝配設(shè)備和檢測(cè)設(shè)備。1.1.1發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)裝配線的型式及發(fā)展（剖析主流資金真實(shí)目的，發(fā)現(xiàn)最佳獲利機(jī)會(huì)?。?國(guó)內(nèi)各發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)制造企業(yè)所采用的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)裝配線型式較多，大致可歸納為；自由滾道+ 雙鏈橋架小車(chē)式；自由滾道+單鏈牽引地面軌道小車(chē)式；自由滾道+帶隨行支架地面 板式；自由滾道+單鏈牽引地面軌道小車(chē)式+帶隨行支架地面板式；懸掛鏈?zhǔn)降取Ｒ?上各裝配線的主線皆為強(qiáng)制流水（連續(xù)或間歇），裝配對(duì)象與主線的運(yùn)行是一致的（同 步），故稱(chēng)為同步裝配線或剛性裝配線。 隨著汽車(chē)工業(yè)的發(fā)展，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)裝配線正由剛性 裝配線向柔性裝配線方向發(fā)展，柔性裝配線的特點(diǎn)是裝配節(jié)拍可以在一定的范圍內(nèi)自 由調(diào)

39、整，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)多品種混流生產(chǎn)并適應(yīng)生產(chǎn)綱領(lǐng)的變化。又由于在裝配作業(yè)時(shí)裝配 對(duì)象和裝配工人保持相對(duì)靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)，對(duì)保證裝配的高質(zhì)量及采用專(zhuān)門(mén)的裝配設(shè)備提供 了方便的條件，便于實(shí)現(xiàn)裝配的自動(dòng)化。因此國(guó)內(nèi)引進(jìn)的轎車(chē)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)裝配線均采用了 柔性裝配線（即非同步裝配線）。目前國(guó)內(nèi)用于發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)裝配非同步裝配線主要型式有，縱置單滾杠式、摩擦式機(jī)動(dòng) 輥道式、雙鏈滾輪式和鱗板式等。一般從美國(guó)和日本引進(jìn)的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)非同步裝配線為摩 擦式機(jī)動(dòng)輥道式，如一汽二發(fā)和天內(nèi)；從德國(guó)引進(jìn)的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)非同步裝配線為縱置單滾 杠式，如上海大眾和一汽大眾。大總成（中型）非同步裝配線在中國(guó)的發(fā)展，是隨著引 進(jìn)轎車(chē)技術(shù)和國(guó)外二手設(shè)備再利用而發(fā)展起來(lái)的。

40、北京內(nèi)燃機(jī)廠和一汽第二發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)廠 在80年代末分別引進(jìn)的美國(guó)通用汽車(chē)公司 2.0L發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)生產(chǎn)線及美國(guó)克萊斯勒公司的 488發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)生產(chǎn)線， 該兩條生產(chǎn)線上總成和分總成裝配線采用的就是非同步裝配線。 這一時(shí)間可以說(shuō)柔性裝配線已經(jīng)在中國(guó)中小型機(jī)械的裝配生產(chǎn)中得以應(yīng)用，以后國(guó)內(nèi) 新建的幾個(gè)大型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)廠，如上海大眾、一汽大眾、天津內(nèi)燃機(jī)廠等發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)裝配生產(chǎn) 線均采用引進(jìn)的非同步裝配線。我國(guó)少數(shù)設(shè)備生產(chǎn)廠通過(guò)對(duì)引進(jìn)技術(shù)的消化吸收，已 能自行設(shè)計(jì)和制造這種用于中小機(jī)械的非同步裝配線，并用于生產(chǎn)中。但與引進(jìn)的設(shè) 備相比還有一定的差距，主要問(wèn)題和技術(shù)難點(diǎn)是可靠性差，輥?zhàn)雍蜐L杠耐磨強(qiáng)度低， 影響設(shè)備的使用壽命。目前這

41、種設(shè)備仍以引進(jìn)為主，因此在這方面還有待于進(jìn)一步研 制，采用國(guó)產(chǎn)設(shè)備將使生產(chǎn)線的成本大大降低，因此在我國(guó)有廣泛的發(fā)展前景。1.1.2發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)裝配線上的專(zhuān)用裝配設(shè)備和檢測(cè)設(shè)備柔性裝配線的應(yīng)用為確保產(chǎn)品高質(zhì)量、高生產(chǎn)率的專(zhuān)用裝配機(jī)創(chuàng)造了條件。在轎 車(chē)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)裝配中普遍地采用了定扭矩的多頭螺栓 （母）扭緊機(jī)（也稱(chēng)裝配機(jī)）。擰緊方法 采用控制扭矩一轉(zhuǎn)角法，這種方法是目前世界上最先進(jìn)的螺紋連接方法。此外還采用 氣門(mén)自動(dòng)裝配機(jī)、裝配機(jī)械手、自動(dòng)涂膠機(jī)等設(shè)備，這些設(shè)備的采用使國(guó)內(nèi)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)裝 配技術(shù)水平接近了國(guó)外先進(jìn)水平。在轎車(chē)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)裝配中，一些重要的結(jié)合面（如油底殼、 水泵殼等與缸體結(jié)合面），采用了涂密封膠新工藝，取代結(jié)合面間的墊片，既簡(jiǎn)化了生 產(chǎn)工藝又提高了密封質(zhì)量。在關(guān)