ed形容詞和ing形容詞辨析和練習(xí)

1、-ed形容詞和-ing形容詞的用法區(qū)別一、傳統(tǒng)的觀點(diǎn)許多參考書(shū)認(rèn)為： -ing 形容詞與表示事物的名詞連用， -ed 形容詞與表示人的名詞連用。 此說(shuō)法在很多情況下是可行的， 但表述欠準(zhǔn)確， 在 許多情況下卻是不可靠的。如： -ing 形容詞用于人的情況就比比皆是：假若你的老師說(shuō)話(huà)幽默、講課 生動(dòng)，那么不僅他的課非常 interesting ，而且你會(huì)說(shuō)他是一個(gè) interesting man有趣的人）。比較：I m interested in interesting people.我對(duì)有趣的人感興趣。He was worried about his worrying son.他為他令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的

2、兒子感到擔(dān)憂(yōu)。He was annoyed with the annoying person.他對(duì)這個(gè)討厭的人很生氣。另一方面， -ed 形容詞用于指物的情況也不少見(jiàn)。比較并體會(huì)：a frightened look害怕的表情 （指帶有這種“表情”的人感到害怕 ）a frightening look嚇人的表情 （指這種“表情”令人害怕 ）an excited talk心情激動(dòng)的談話(huà) （指“談話(huà)”的人心情激動(dòng) ）an exciting talk令人激動(dòng)的談話(huà) （指聽(tīng)“談話(huà)”的人心情激動(dòng) ）由于傳統(tǒng)的觀點(diǎn)說(shuō)得太絕對(duì)，有時(shí)做起題來(lái)還可能會(huì)因此掉入命題人的陷 阱，請(qǐng)看下面一題 ： do you thin

3、k of your English teacher? Is he ？A. What, interestingB. What, interestedC. How, interestingD. How, interested此題考查兩方面的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：一是考查 what do you think of與how do you like的用法區(qū)別（兩者搭配不同，但意思相同）；二是考查interesting 與 interested 的用法區(qū)別。若套用以上關(guān)于 -ing 形容詞與 -ed 形容詞的區(qū)別，則 可能將答案鎖定為D。但是錯(cuò)了，此題的最佳答案應(yīng)是 Ao二、正確的觀點(diǎn)關(guān)于 -ing 形容詞與 -ed

4、形容詞的區(qū)別， 比較準(zhǔn)確的表述應(yīng)該 是：1. 以后綴 -ed 結(jié)尾的形容詞（如 ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, pleased, surprised, worried等） 通常用于說(shuō)明人，不用于說(shuō)明事物， 即使它們所修飾的名詞是事物， 那它們指的也是與該 事物相關(guān)的人。如：He had a pleased smile on his face.他臉上露出了滿(mǎn)意的微笑。He told me the news in a very excited voice. 他聲音很激動(dòng)地告訴了我這個(gè)消息。第一句中的 a ple

5、ased smile 意為“滿(mǎn)意的微笑”，它指的是某人因感到滿(mǎn) 意發(fā)出的微笑；第二句中的 a very excited voice 指的是“很激動(dòng)的聲音” ，即指的是某 人因很激動(dòng)而發(fā)生那樣的聲音。原則上，-ed形容詞通常直接用于說(shuō)明人，若修飾事物，則多為air（神態(tài)）,appearance（夕卜貌）,cry（哭聲）,face（表情）,voice（ 聲音）, mood（情緒）vTimesNew Roman）, mood（ 等顯示某人的情感狀況的名詞。2. 以后綴 -ing 結(jié)尾的形容詞 （如 delighting, exciting, frightening,等） 主要用于說(shuō)明事物，表示事in

6、teresting, moving, surprising, worrying物的性質(zhì)或特征，若用它們說(shuō)明人，則表示此人具有此性質(zhì)或特征。如：這個(gè)故事很有趣這個(gè)人很有趣。The story is very interesting.The man is very interesting.He has a frightened look on his face.他臉上帶有驚恐的神情。He has a frightening look on his face.他臉上帶有嚇人的神情。I read an interested expression on his face.我看到他臉上露出一種請(qǐng)?jiān)俦容^并體

7、會(huì)以下句子：He is frightened.他很害怕。 He is frightening.他很?chē)樔烁信d趣的表情我看到他臉上露出一種I read an interesting expression on his face.有趣的表情三、學(xué)練結(jié)合請(qǐng)做做以下試題， 看你是否能克服原來(lái)的思維定勢(shì)， 能否跳出 命題人的陷阱：1. Laws that punish parents for their little children s actionsagainst the laws get parents .A. worriedB. to worried C. worrying D.worry2. T

8、he little boy isnt getting on well in maths and worse still,he is even unwilling to go to school. With her son , she feels veryA. disappointing;worryingB. disappointing;worriedC. disappointed;worriedD. disappointed;worrying3. After the Anti-terroristWar, the American soldiers returned home,A. safe b

9、ut tired B. safely but tired C. safe and tiringD. safely and tiring4. As we all know, typing is a job to a heart.A. tired; tired B. tired; tiring C. tiring; tiredD. tiring; tiring5. Poor boy! His looks and handssuggested he wasveryafraid.A. frightful; trembling B. frightened; tremblingC. frightening

10、; trembled D. frightened; trembly答案與解析：1. 選A。句中的that punishthe law 是定語(yǔ)從句。句意是：因?yàn)樗麄冃?孩的違法行為而懲罰其父母， 這樣的法律使得做父母的感到憂(yōu)慮。 表示人“感到 憂(yōu)慮的”用由過(guò)去分詞轉(zhuǎn)換而來(lái)的形容詞。2. 選B。句意是：由于她的兒子令人失望，她感到非常煩惱。表示“令人的”用-ing 形容詞；表示“感到的”用-ed形容詞。3. 選A。此題一方面考查形容詞作狀語(yǔ)(。此題一方面考查形容詞作狀語(yǔ)(當(dāng) 形容詞用作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示意義上的增補(bǔ)，和句子主語(yǔ)在邏輯上有主謂關(guān)系 ) ，另 一方面考查形容詞 tiring 與 tired

11、的用法區(qū)別，此處填 tired 表示“人感到疲 憊的”，即選 A。4. 選Co第一空填tiring ，表示“使人勞累的”；第二空填tired ，表示“感 到勞累的”。5. 選B。第一空填frightened ,其意為“感到害怕的”;第二空填trembling表示動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行。也就是說(shuō)，frighte ned說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)因而產(chǎn)生的情緒反應(yīng)，從而影響到人的身體部位trembling 。ed形 式及 常 見(jiàn)短 語(yǔ)與ing 形式形容詞歸納excited (be d about) / exciting surprised (be d at) /surprising amazed (be d at) /amaz

12、ing embarrassed(be ed in) /embarrassing encouraged(be ed at / by) / encouraging frustrated (be d of) / frustrating interested (be ed in) / interesting thrilled (be ed at) / thrilling terrified (be terrified at/ of / with) / terrifying pleased (be d with) / pleasing, = pleasant satisfied(be satisfied

13、 with) / satisfying frightened (be ed at / of ) / frightening tired (be d of) / tiring bored (be d with) / boring relaxed ( 無(wú)固定搭配 ) / relaxing fascinated (be d by) / fascinatingannoyed (be ed with) / annoying moved (be d by) / moving worried (be worried about) / worrying confused (be confused about)

14、 / confusing練習(xí)：用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的 -ed 形式或 -ing 形式填空tire1. The children were after the trip.2. The trip wastire )3. The children went to bed early after the trip.tire )4. The trip lasted a whole day.tire )5. The trip made the childrentire )6. The bad weather made the triptire )7. Tom s parents areathisresults

15、 of theexams( disappoint )8. and angry, he left the meeting-room.disappoint )9. It is that he didn t pass the examination (disappoint )10. Whenhearing thenews that Michael Jackson passed away, theywereto look at each other.surprise11. He wasabout hisson.worry )12. Im notwith his interpretationof thi

16、s sentence. ( satisfy )annoy)13. He was with the person.14. A police car appeared on the road, the thief had a look on his face. (frighten )encourage )15. The situation here is and we are答案：1. tired 2. tiring 3. tired 4. tiring 5. tired 6. tiring7. disappointed, disappointing) 8. Disappointed 9. dis

17、appointing10. surprising; surprised 11. worried; worrying 12. satisfied13. annoyed; annoying 14. frightened15. encouraging; encouraged二 鞏固練習(xí)：1. The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front toarrive. （ 2008?全國(guó)卷 I ）A. is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. will be expected2. Do you know

18、 if Terry will go camping this weekend? （2008?上海高考）Terry? Never! He tents and fresh air!A. has hated B. hated C. will hate D. hates3. By the time he realizes he into a trap, it ll be too latefor him to do anything about it. （2008?山東高考 ）A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked4. So far this yea

19、r we a fall in house prices by between 5 and10 percent. （2008? 福建高考 ）A. sawB. seeC. had seen D. have seen5. Someof the people who to the party cant comenow. （2008?煙臺(tái)模擬 ）A. had been invited B. have been invited C. are invited D.invited6. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actionsagainst the laws get parents . A. worriedB. to worriedC. worryingD. worry7. The little boy isnt getting on well in maths and worse still,he is even unwilling to go to school. With her son , she feels veryA. dis