操作系統(tǒng)第3章分析解析

1、Chapter 3 Process Descripti on and Con trolTrue / False Questi ons:1. T / F - The principal function of the processor is to execute machinein structio ns residi ng in main memory.處理器的主要功能是處理駐留在主存中的指令。ANS:T2. T / F - A process trace is a listing of the sequenee of instructions that executefor that pr

2、ocess.進(jìn)程指令追蹤就是這個(gè)進(jìn)程的指令序列的列表。ANS:T3. T / F The principal responsibility of the operating system is to control theexecuti on of processes.操作系統(tǒng)的主要任務(wù)是控制進(jìn)程的執(zhí)行。ANS:T4. T / F - When one process spawns another, the spawning process is referred to asthe child process and the spaw ned process is referred to as

3、 the pare nt process.當(dāng)一個(gè)進(jìn)程派生出另一進(jìn)程時(shí)，產(chǎn)生進(jìn)程的進(jìn)程是子進(jìn)程，被產(chǎn)生的進(jìn)程是父進(jìn)程。ANS:F (opposite is true)5. T / F Roun d-Rob in process ing refers to a method of thread prioritizatio n for scheduli ng.輪轉(zhuǎn)是一種線程優(yōu)先級調(diào)度方法。ANS:F (n ot prioritized)6. T / F - The primary differenee between the Two-State Process Model and the Five-

4、 State Process Model is that the latter splits the Running state into two newstates: Ready and Blocked.兩狀態(tài)處理模型和五狀態(tài)處理模型主要區(qū)別是后者將運(yùn)行態(tài)分割成就緒和阻塞態(tài)。ANS:F (splits the Not Running state)7. T / F One solution to the problem of limited main memory space is swapping, which in volves moving all or part of a proces

5、s from main memory to sec on darymemory. 一種解決主存空間有限的方法是交換，這種交換包括將一個(gè)進(jìn)程的全部或部分從主 存轉(zhuǎn)移到輔存。ANS:T8. T / F - In order to define the control structures (e.g., tables) that the O/Sn eeds to man age processes and resources, it must have access to con figurati on dataduri ng ini tializatio n.為了定義操作系統(tǒng)控制進(jìn)程和資源所需要的

6、控制結(jié)構(gòu)，操作系統(tǒng)在初始化的時(shí)候必須擁有對設(shè)備數(shù)據(jù)的控制權(quán)。ANS:T9. T / F - The Process Image refers to the binary form of the program code.進(jìn)程映像指的是二進(jìn)制形式的程序碼。ANS:F (refers to process eleme nts: program, data, stack & attributes)10. T / F The portion of the Process Control Block that consists of the contents ofthe processor regist

7、ers is called the Process Con trol In formati on.進(jìn)程控制塊中包含處理器寄存器的部分是進(jìn)程控制信息。ANS:F (processor state in formatio n portion of the PCB contains registers)11. T / F The less-privileged processor execution mode is often referred to as kernel mode.沒有特權(quán)的處理器執(zhí)行模式通常被叫做內(nèi)核模式。ANS:F (user mode)12. T / F - The prima

8、ry process table contains one entry per process, uni ess the process spawns a new process, in which case the table contains multiple entriesfor the pare nt process.主進(jìn)程表中每個(gè)進(jìn)程有一個(gè)入口，除非進(jìn)程產(chǎn)生了子進(jìn)程，這種情況下表中會有多個(gè)到父進(jìn)程的入口。ANS:F (only one entry for the pare nt process)13. T / F - One kind of system interrupt, the

9、 trap, relates to an error or exceptioncon dition in the curren tly running process.陷阱，一種系統(tǒng)中斷，是涉及當(dāng)前進(jìn)程中的錯(cuò)誤或異常條件。ANS:T14. T / F - In the Non process Kernel approach to defi ning the relati on ship betwee n the O/S and the User Process, the O/S code is executed as a separate en tity thatoperates in pri

10、vileged mode.采用無進(jìn)程內(nèi)核方法來定義操作系統(tǒng)和用戶進(jìn)程的區(qū)別：操作系統(tǒng)代碼是作為獨(dú)立的整體在特權(quán)模式下運(yùn)行。ANS:T15. T / F - A typical UNIX system employs two Running states, to indicate whetherthe process is executing in user mode or kernel mode.典型的 UNIX 系統(tǒng)采用兩種運(yùn)行態(tài)來表示進(jìn)程是運(yùn)行在用戶模式還是內(nèi)核模式。ANS:TMultiple Choice Questi ons:1. The behavior of a processor

11、 can be characterized by exam ining: 一個(gè)處理器的行為可以通過對進(jìn)程的交錯(cuò)的觀察來衡量A A sin gle process traceB Multiple process tracesC The in terleavi ng of the process tracesD All of the aboveANS:C2. The behavior of an in dividual process can be characterized by exam ining: 一個(gè)單獨(dú)進(jìn)程的行為可以通過觀察此進(jìn)程的痕跡來描述A A sin gle process tr

12、aceB Multiple process tracesC The in terleavi ng of the process tracesD All of the aboveANS:A3. The basic Two-State Process Model defi nes two possible states for a process inrelatio nship to the processor:基本的兩狀態(tài)進(jìn)程模型定義了一個(gè)進(jìn)程與處理器關(guān)系可能的兩種狀態(tài)：進(jìn)行態(tài)和非運(yùn)行態(tài).A Running and Executi ngB Running and Not RunningC Exe

13、cut ing and Waiti ngD None of the aboveANS:B4. There are a nu mber of con diti ons that can lead to process term in ati on, in cludi ng: 導(dǎo)致進(jìn)程終止的條件有：正常結(jié)束，越界,父進(jìn)程終止.A Normal completi onB Bounds violati onC Parent term in ati onD All of the aboveANS:D5. In the Five-State Process Model, the followi ng re

14、prese nts a valid state tran siti on:在五狀態(tài)模型中，下列哪一項(xiàng)是有效的轉(zhuǎn)換：運(yùn)行阻塞.A Running - BlockedB New - Ru nningC New - BlockedD All of the aboveANS:A6. In a Process Model that impleme nts two suspe nd states, a valid state tran siti on is represe nted by:在兩個(gè)掛起態(tài)的進(jìn)程執(zhí)行模型中，有效的轉(zhuǎn)換是：就緒掛起就緒,進(jìn)行 就緒掛起，就緒 就緒掛起.A Ready/Suspe

15、nd - ReadyB Running - Ready/Suspe ndC Ready - Ready/Suspe ndD All of the aboveANS:D7. The scheduli ng strategy where each process in the queue is give n a certa in amount of time, in turn, to execute and the n retur ned to the queue, uni ess blocked isreferred to as. 一種調(diào)度策略，每個(gè)在隊(duì)列中的進(jìn)程給一定的時(shí)間執(zhí)行，然后返回隊(duì)列，

16、除非被阻塞,這個(gè)策略叫輪轉(zhuǎn).A Prioritizati onB Rou nd-RobinC LIFOD All of the aboveANS:B8. A Memory Table is an O/S control structure that is used by the O/S to: 存儲頁表是用來追蹤主存和和輔存的操作系統(tǒng)控制結(jié)構(gòu)A Man age I/O devicesB Man age processesC Provide in formatio n about system filesD None of the aboveANS:D (used to keep track o

17、f mainreal ” and sec on dary a virtual ” memory)9. The Process Image eleme nt that contains the collecti on of attributes n eeded by the O/S to con trol a particular process is called the:操作系統(tǒng)控制一個(gè)特定的進(jìn)程所需包含一系列進(jìn)程屬性的映象元素叫進(jìn)程控制塊A User DataB System StackC Process Con trol BlockD None of the aboveANS:C10.

18、The Process Image element that contains the modifiable part of the user space is called the:進(jìn)程控制元素中包含可修改部分的用戶空間叫用戶數(shù)據(jù)A User ProgramB System StackC Process Con trol BlockD None of the aboveANS:D (User Data)11. The processor execution mode that user programs typically execute in is referred to as:執(zhí)行用戶程

19、序的處理器執(zhí)行方式叫用戶模式.A User modeB System modeC Kernel modeD None of the aboveANS:A12. One step in the procedure for creating a new process involves:創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新進(jìn)程包括的步驟：初始化進(jìn)程控制塊，分配進(jìn)程空間，確實(shí)惟一的進(jìn)程標(biāo)志號.A In itializ ing the process con trol blockB Allocat ing space for the processC Assig ning a unique ide ntifierD All o

20、f the aboveANS:D13. A process switch may occur when the system encounters an interrupt condition, such as that gen erated by a:當(dāng)遇到以下哪些情況下進(jìn)程會發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)換：內(nèi)存缺頁，系統(tǒng)調(diào)用，陷阱.A Memory faultB Supervisor callC TrapD All of the aboveANS: D14. In the Process Based O/S:在基于操作系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)程中：主要的內(nèi)核函數(shù)是獨(dú)立組織的.A Major kernel fun ctio ns

21、 are orga ni zed as separate fun cti ons B The User Process Image in cludes a kernel stackC O/S code and data are contained in the shared address space D None of the aboveANS:A15. In a typical UNIX system, the element of the process image that contains the processor status in formati on is the:在一個(gè)典型

22、的UNIX系統(tǒng)中，進(jìn)程映像元素中包含進(jìn)程身份的信息是寄存器上下文A System-level con textB Register con textC User-level con textD All of the aboveANS:BFill-In-The-Bla nk Questions:1. The listi ng of a seque nee of in structi ons that execute for a particular process is called a .一個(gè)進(jìn)程的指令序列叫指令追蹤.ANS:trace2. The behavior of a processo

23、r can be characterized by exam ining the in terleavi ng ofthe processfor the processes curre ntly running on the system.ANS:traces 處理器行為可以通過檢測當(dāng)前運(yùn)行進(jìn)程追蹤的交換來描述3. The portion of the operati ng system that selects the n ext process to run is calledthe.選擇下一進(jìn)程的操作系統(tǒng)部分叫調(diào)度器.ANS:dispatcher4. When the O/S creat

24、es a process at the explicit request of an existi ng process, theacti on is referred to as.當(dāng)操作系統(tǒng)在現(xiàn)有進(jìn)程的明確要求下創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)進(jìn)程,這種行為叫子進(jìn)程創(chuàng)建ANS:process spaw ning5. A process that cannot execute un til some event occurs is said to be in the state.一個(gè)進(jìn)程直到某些事件發(fā)生才能執(zhí)行,我們說進(jìn)程處于阻塞態(tài).ANS:blocked6. In a system that impleme nt

25、s two suspe nd states, a process that has bee n swappedout of mai n memory and into sec on dary memory and that is also await ing an even t is in the/state.一個(gè)兩掛起態(tài)的系統(tǒng)，一個(gè)進(jìn)程從主存轉(zhuǎn)移到輔存并且等待一個(gè)事件的完成時(shí)，處于阻塞掛起態(tài)ANS:Blocked/Suspe nd7. The scheduli ng strategy where each process in the queue is give n a certa in a

26、mountof time, in turn, to execute and the n retur ned to the queue, uni ess blocked is referred to as.一種調(diào)度策略,隊(duì)列中的每一進(jìn)程在不被阻塞的情況下給予一定的時(shí)間執(zhí)行,然后返回隊(duì)列，這種策略叫輪轉(zhuǎn).ANS:rou nd-robin8. The O/S con trol structure that the O/S uses to man age system processes is called the.操作系統(tǒng)用來控制進(jìn)程的控制結(jié)構(gòu)叫進(jìn)程控制表ANS:process table9. Th

27、e User Data, User Program, System Stack and Process Con trol Block eleme ntscollectively make up what is referred to as the.用戶數(shù)據(jù)，用戶程序，系統(tǒng)棧，進(jìn)程控制塊是進(jìn)程映象中的典型元素。ANS: process image10. The Process Identification, Processor State Information and the Process ControlIn formati on are the gen eral categories th

28、at collectively make up what is referredto as the.進(jìn)程標(biāo)識，處理器狀態(tài)信息，進(jìn)程控制信息是進(jìn)程控制塊中的典型元素。ANS: process con trol block11. The processor typically maintains the curre nt operat ing mode (i.e., user or kern el)in the .處理器在程序狀態(tài)字中記錄了當(dāng)前的操作模式。ANS: program status word (PSW)12. The first step in creating a new process is to assign a un