職稱英語理工類閱讀原文版模擬第14篇1

1、職稱英語理工類閱讀原文版模擬第14篇1閱讀下面的短文。每篇短文的后面有五個(gè)問題，每個(gè)問題有四個(gè) 備選答案。請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容選擇答案。每個(gè)試題計(jì)3分，共計(jì)15分Why Humans Walk on Two LegsA team of scientists that studied chimpanzees trained to use treadmills has gathered new evidence suggesting that our earliest apelike ancestors started walking on two legs because it required l

2、ess energy than getting around on all fours nWhen our earliest ancestors started walking on two legs # they took the first steps toward becoming human/1 said lead researcher Michael Sockol of UC Davisl . Ourfindings help an,swer why . Sockol worked for two years to find an animal trainer willing to

3、coax adult chimps to walk on two legs and to knucklewalk on all fours on the sort of treadmill found in most gyms The five chimps also wore face masks used to help the researchers measure oxygen consumption While the chimps worked out , the scientists collected metabolic and other data that allowed

4、them to calculate which method of locomotion used less energy and why The team gathered the same information for four adult humans walking on a treadmill .Tile researchers found that human walking used about 75 percent less energy and burned 75 percent fewer calories than quadrupedal and bipedal2 wa

5、lking in chimpanzees They also found that for some but not all of the chimps , walking on two legs was no more costly than knucklewalking nWe were prepared to find that all of the chimps used more energy walking on two legs but that finding wouldnt have been as interestingSockol said . What we found

6、 was much more telling . For three chimps , bipedalism3 was more expensive z but for the other two chimps , this wasrTt the case One spent about the same energy walking on two legs as on four The other used less energy walking upright ” These two chimps had differe nt gaits and an atomy tha n their

7、knucklewalking peers Taken together, the findings provide support for the hypothesis that an atomical differe nces affecting gait existed among our earliest apelike ancestors , and that these differences provided the genetic variation which natural selection could act on when changes in the environm

8、ent gave bipeds an advantage over quadrupeds .Fossil and molecular evidence suggests the earliest ancestors of the human family lived in forested areas in equatorial Africa in the late Miocene era some 8 to 10 million years ago , whe n cha nges in climate may have in creased in distanee between food

9、 patches That would have forced our earliest ancestors to travel Ionger distances on the ground and favored those who could cover more ground using less energy .This isnt the complete answer;1 Soekol said /But its a good piece of a puzzle humans have always wondered about ; How and why did we become

10、 human? And why do we alone walk on two legs?詞匯：chimpanzee/5tFimpEn5zi:/n 黑猩猩（又作 chimp ） biped/5baiped/n 二足動(dòng)物 gait/Aeit/n .步態(tài),步法anatomic/7AnE5tCmik/adj 解咅（學(xué)）的 quadruped/5kwCdrJped/n 四足動(dòng)物的 Miocene/5maiEsi:n/n & adj 中新世（的） Calorie/5kAIEri/n .卡（路里），小卡 treadmill/5tredmll/n踏輪；踏車；單調(diào)工作 coax/kEuks/v .哄，哄勸kn

11、ucklewalk v用膝關(guān)節(jié)走路metabolic/7metE5bClik/adj （新陳）代謝的 locomotion/IEJkE5mEJF（E）n/n 運(yùn)動(dòng)（力） 注釋：1UC Davis :加州大學(xué)戴維斯分校。UC是University of California（加利福尼亞大學(xué)）的縮寫，該校有多個(gè)分校，UC Davis是 其中一個(gè)。Davis以前是UC Berkeley分校的農(nóng)學(xué)院，后來獨(dú)立小來。 Davis是一個(gè)大學(xué)城，很小的城市，Davis校園基本就構(gòu)成了這個(gè)城 I |j O2 quadrupedal andbipedal : quad-:構(gòu)詞詞素，是四 “的意思;bi-:構(gòu)詞詞

12、素，是”二”的意思;ped-:構(gòu)詞詞素，是”腳“ 的意思;-al是構(gòu)成形容詞的后綴，表示”的”。因此quadrupedal 意為”凹足動(dòng)物的”，bipedal意為”二足動(dòng)物的”。3bipedalism :系bipedal（足動(dòng)物的）的對應(yīng)名詞，這里后綴ism表示”特征“特性“。備注說明,非正文,實(shí)際使用可刪除如下部分。本內(nèi)容僅給予閱讀編輯指點(diǎn)：1、本文件由微軟0阡ICE辦公軟件編輯而成，同時(shí)支持WPS。2、文件可重新編輯整理。3、建議結(jié)合本公司和個(gè)人的實(shí)際情況逬行修正編輯。4、因編輯原因，部分文件文字有些微錯(cuò)誤的，請自行修正,并不影響本文閱讀。Note: it is not the text. The following parts can be deleted for actual use. This content only gives reading and editing instructions:1. This document is edited by Microsoft office office software and supports WPS2 The files can be edited and reorganized3. It is suggested to revise and edit according to the