寫作素材中華傳統(tǒng)文化之成語故事學(xué)習(xí)專用

1、、介紹漢語成語典故1假如你是李華，你的美國筆友 Mike來信向你詢問漢語成語揠苗助長”的含義。請你根據(jù)下面的漢語提示用英語給Mike寫封回信，向其解釋該成語的由來和意義。宋人有閔其苗之不長而揠之者，芒芒然歸，謂其人曰，今日病矣，予助苗長矣。”其子趨而往視之，苗則槁矣。注意：1. 詞數(shù)100 左右；2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3. 開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)?！緟⒖即鸢浮縊ne possible versi on:Dear Mike,inIt great to hear from you. I feel proud knowing yourinterestChin ese lite

2、rature. Theset phrase you asked me means trying to help seedli ngsgrow by pulli ng them up. There is a story behi nd it.A man in the Song State was an xious about the slow growth of his seedli ngs.One day, he went to the field and pulled them upward one by one. He came back tired and said to his fam

3、ily,“ I exhausted today, for I have helped the seedlingshis horror, allgrow much taller all aton ce.Heari ng this, his son ran to look at the seedli ngs.To f them had dried up and died.This set phrase means that grow ing aga inst the law of developme nt in thingsand being overa nxious for quick resu

4、lts will make things worse.Look ing forward to heari ng from you.Yours,Li Hua二、介紹漢語成語典故2假如你是李華，你的美國網(wǎng)友Peter對你博客里的一幅漫畫很感興趣，給你留言詢問其含義。請你根據(jù)以下提示給他回貼。1、成語聞雞起舞”的典故；2、成語寓意。注意：1、詞數(shù)100 左右；2、可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3、開頭語已給岀，不計入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：patriotic 愛國的；crow 啼叫，報曉【參考范文】Dear Peter,The picture is about a Chinese idiom“ wenj

5、iqiwu This idiomoriginated froma well-k nown storyhappe ned in Xi Jin Dyn asty .In order to serve their cou ntrywell, two patrioticyou ng men, n amed Zu Ti and Liu Kun, both got up andpractised sword play ing the mome nt they heard the cock crow. Day by day andyear in, year out, they n ever stopped.

6、 Later, they allmade great con tributi onsto protecting their country.Nowadays, people usually use the phrase“ rising up upon hearing the crow ofa rooster to practise swordplayi ngtc” sig nify that some one isexert ing himselfto do something worthwhile. It is also used to describe that a person of n

7、oble aspirations exerts himeself in time.If you have any other questi ons about this idiom, please tell me.Yours,Li HuaChen gyu (simplifiedChin ese:成 語 ;traditi onal Chin ese:成語;pinyin: ch e ngyu； literally:set phrases ) are a type of traditionalChinese idiomatic expression,most of which consistof f

8、our characters.Chen gyu were widely used in ClassicalChin ese and are still com monin vern acular Chin ese writi ng and in the spoke n lan guage today. Accord ingto the most stringentdefinition, thereare about 5,000 chengyu inthe Chin ese lan guage, though some dicti on aries list over 20,000.They a

9、re often referred to as Chineseidioms or four-character idioms ;however, they are not the only idioms in Chin ese.附：Backgrou nd of Chen gyuChengyu are mostly derived from ancient literature . The meaning of a chengyu usuallysurpasses the sum of the meanings carried by the four characters, as chengyu

10、 are often intimately linked with the myth, story or historical fact from which they were derived. Assuch,chengyudo not follow the usual grammatical structure and syntaxof themoder n Chin ese spoke n Ian guage, and are in stead highly compact and syn thetic.Chengyu in isolation areoften unintelligib

11、le without explanation, and when students in Chinalearn chengyu in school as part of the classical curriculum, they also need to study the con text from which the che ngyu was bor n. Ofte n the four characters reflect the moral behi nd the story rather than the story itself. For example, the phrase

12、break the woks, sink the boats （破釜沉舟,p o f u ch en zh 01U is based on a historical accou nt where the gen eral Xia ng Yu ordered his troops to destroy all cooking utensils and boats after crossing a river into the enemys territory. He won the battle because of this no-retreat strategy. Similar phras

13、es are known in the West, such as burning bridges or Crossing the Rubicon. This particular idiom cannot be used in a losing scenario because the story behind it does not describe a failure.Another example is 瓜田李下 （gu a ti aln 1 xi litimelon field, beneath the plums）. It is anidiom that has a deeper

14、meaning that implies suspicious situations. It is derived from an excerpt from a Han era poem （ 樂府詩君子行 ,Yue f USh 1J u nz X ng）. The poem includes the lines, Dont adjust your shoes in a melon field and dont tidy your hat under the plum trees（瓜田不納履，李下不整冠，g u ati atn u n a l u , xi do uzh e n ggu an）,

15、 admo nishi ng thereader to: avoid situati ons where, however innocent, he might be suspected of doing wrong.The literal meaning of the idiom is impossible to understand without the background knowledge of the origin of the phrase. However, some idioms such as wind from an empty cave（空穴來風(fēng),k o ngxu e

16、l af e ngviz. hot air） and bare-faced facing the emperor（素面朝天,s u mi an ch ao ti a,nviz. without makeup） are so widely misunderstood that their literal meanings have overtaken their original ones. wind from an empty cave is now currently mistake nly used to describe rumors without source whe n the a

17、ctual meaning is the opposite.It used to describe rumors with actual, solid sources or reasons. Bare-faced facing the emperor is now misused to describe beauty that does nt require make-up, e.g., whe n en teri ng court. Its orig inal meaning is to be con fide nt in on es true look.However, that is n

18、ot to say that all che ngyu are born of an ofte n-told fable. In deed, che ngyu which are free of metaphorical nuan ces pervade amidst the otherwise con textuallydrive naspect of writte n vern acular Chin ese. An example of this is speak ing, yet without trust（言而無信,y an e w ux n）, referri ng to an i

19、n dividual who cannot be trusted despite what he says, an essentially deceitful person. The idiom itself is not derived from a specific occurrence from which a moral may be explicitly draw n; in stead, it is succ in ct in its origi nal meaning and would likely be in telligible to an in dividual lear ned in formal written Chin ese. Its archaic n ature is only betrayed by the now-unusual use of the charactery an （言）as a verb.Some