Greek_Mythology古希臘神話英文介紹PPT

1、Greek Mythology 希臘神話希臘神話 Greek Mythology is a group of traditional tales told by the ancient Greeks about the deeds of gods, heroes and their relations with human beings. 希臘神希臘神話講話講了很多古希臘的故事，有神、英雄的故事以及他了很多古希臘的故事，有神、英雄的故事以及他們們和普通人和普通人類類之之間間的的 關(guān)系。關(guān)系。 The Greek mythology is an important part of the anc

2、ient culture which has vast and deep influence on the whole western culture. 希臘神希臘神話話是古文化重要的一部分，與整個(gè)西方文化有著廣泛而又是古文化重要的一部分，與整個(gè)西方文化有著廣泛而又緊緊密的密的聯(lián)聯(lián)系。系。 Its great influence upon the English language and literature is beyond description. A great number of words and idioms in the English language come from t

3、he Greek mythology. 它在英它在英語語和文學(xué)作品方面的巨大影響力是無法形容的。英和文學(xué)作品方面的巨大影響力是無法形容的。英語語中的很多中的很多單詞單詞和和 語語言表達(dá)方式都是來自希臘神言表達(dá)方式都是來自希臘神話話。 。 In the beginning, the universe is a cosmos evolving from Chaos. Chaos and Gaea (the earth) generate everything that exists, including seas, mountions, gods and monsters. Then Gaeas

4、mating with her son Uranus(the sky), which produces 12 Tians with Gronus as their leader. 宇宙之初，只有卡俄斯（即宇宙之初，只有卡俄斯（即“混沌混沌”) )?？ǘ硭购蜕w亞創(chuàng)造了。卡俄斯和蓋亞創(chuàng)造了 大海、大山、神還有妖怪，并賦予他們生命。后來蓋亞與她的兒子大海、大山、神還有妖怪，并賦予他們生命。后來蓋亞與她的兒子 烏拉諾斯結(jié)婚，由此產(chǎn)生了以克羅諾斯為首的烏拉諾斯結(jié)婚，由此產(chǎn)生了以克羅諾斯為首的1212泰坦。泰坦。 Adivised by his mother, Grouns beats Uranus, s

5、evers The link between sky and earth, and becomes the new king of the cosmos. Gronus copulates with his sister, Rhea to bring about Zeus and siblings, the future of older Olympians. 克羅諾斯在他母親的建議和幫助下打敗了他的父親烏拉諾斯，克羅諾斯在他母親的建議和幫助下打敗了他的父親烏拉諾斯， 分開了天地間的連接，成為了宇宙的新首領(lǐng)?？肆_諾斯與他的姐姐分開了天地間的連接，成為了宇宙的新首領(lǐng)?？肆_諾斯與他的姐姐 瑞亞結(jié)婚

6、，誕生了宙斯以及他的兄弟姐妹，翻開了古奧林匹亞嶄新瑞亞結(jié)婚，誕生了宙斯以及他的兄弟姐妹，翻開了古奧林匹亞嶄新 的一頁。的一頁。 the old theogony : the Tians （舊舊神神譜譜:奧奧林匹斯十二泰坦）林匹斯十二泰坦） the old theogony : the Gods （新神新神譜奧譜奧林匹斯十二主神）林匹斯十二主神） Perseus (珀?duì)栃匏圭隊(duì)栃匏? Jason (伊阿宋伊阿宋) Heracles (赫拉克勒斯赫拉克勒斯) Theseus (忒修斯忒修斯) ) Medusa(美杜莎美杜莎) Minotaurus (米米諾諾陶洛斯陶洛斯) Cerberus (刻耳

7、柏洛斯刻耳柏洛斯) PART1：The Olympian Gods and other Deities PART2：Heroes PART3：Monsters PART1PART1：The Olympian Gods The Olympian Gods and other Deitiesand other Deities 1、the Tians 2、the Gods 3、other Deities The ancient Greeks worshiped many gods. Greek gods can be divided into several groups.The earliest

8、group was Titans , led by Cronus . The most powerful group was the Olympians . The Olympians are a group of gods who ruled after the overthrow of the Titans. All the Olympians are related in some way . They are named after their dwelling（住宅住宅, ,住所住所）place Mount Olympus. 古希臘崇拜很多神古希臘崇拜很多神, , 古希臘的神被分為幾

9、組古希臘的神被分為幾組, , 最古老一最古老一 組的被稱為泰坦組的被稱為泰坦 , , 由克羅諾斯領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。最強(qiáng)大的一組被稱為奧林由克羅諾斯領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。最強(qiáng)大的一組被稱為奧林 匹斯山神。奧林匹斯山神由個(gè)神組成匹斯山神。奧林匹斯山神由個(gè)神組成 ，他們顛覆了泰坦時(shí)，他們顛覆了泰坦時(shí) 期的規(guī)律。所有的奧林匹斯山神在某個(gè)方面都有著或多或少的期的規(guī)律。所有的奧林匹斯山神在某個(gè)方面都有著或多或少的 聯(lián)系。他們的名字來自于他們居住的奧林匹斯山。聯(lián)系。他們的名字來自于他們居住的奧林匹斯山。 The Tians（十二泰坦十二泰坦） Cronus(克羅諾斯克羅諾斯) : 天空之神。天空之神。 Rhea(瑞亞瑞亞) : 時(shí)光女

10、神。時(shí)光女神。 Oceanus(俄刻阿諾斯俄刻阿諾斯) : 水之神。水之神。 Tethys(泰西斯泰西斯) : 滄海女神。俄刻阿諾斯之妻。滄海女神。俄刻阿諾斯之妻。 Crius(克瑞斯克瑞斯) : 生長之神。生長之神。 Lapetus (伊阿佩托斯伊阿佩托斯) : 靈魂之神靈魂之神 。阿忒拉斯、普羅米修斯、。阿忒拉斯、普羅米修斯、 厄庇米修斯和墨諾提俄斯之父。厄庇米修斯和墨諾提俄斯之父。 Phoebe(福柏福柏) : 月之女神。月之女神勒托與阿斯特瑞亞之母。月之女神。月之女神勒托與阿斯特瑞亞之母。 Coeus (科俄斯科俄斯) : 智力之神。智力之神。 Themis (忒彌斯忒彌斯) : 秩序

11、和正義女神。宙斯第二位妻子秩序和正義女神。宙斯第二位妻子,時(shí)序三女神母。時(shí)序三女神母。 Mnemosyne(謨涅摩敘涅謨涅摩敘涅) : 記憶之神。宙斯第五位妻子記憶之神。宙斯第五位妻子,九繆斯之母。九繆斯之母。 Hyperion(許配利翁許配利翁) : 光之神光之神 Thea(忒亞忒亞) : 許配利翁之妻。許配利翁之妻。 The The GodsGods（十二主神十二主神） Zeus(宙斯宙斯)-the god of the sky. Hera(赫拉赫拉)-the goddess of marriage and childbirth. Poseidon(波塞冬波塞冬)-the god of t

12、he sea, protector. Hades(哈迪斯哈迪斯)-the god the dead and wealth. Hestia(赫斯提亞赫斯提亞)-the goddess of the Hearth(灶臺(tái)). Ares(阿瑞斯阿瑞斯)-the god of war. Hermes(赫爾墨斯赫爾墨斯)-the god of thieves and commerce. Hephaestus(赫斯菲托斯赫斯菲托斯)-the god of fire and the forge(熔爐). Apollo(阿波羅阿波羅)-the god of light. Artemis(阿爾忒彌斯阿爾忒彌斯)-

13、the goddess of chastity, virginity, the hunt, the moon, and the natural environment. Athena(雅典娜雅典娜)-the Greek virgin goddess of reason, intelligent activity, arts and literature. Aphrodite(阿弗洛狄德阿弗洛狄德)-the goddess of love, desire and beauty. 姓名姓名與宙斯的關(guān)系與宙斯的關(guān)系兒女兒女 智慧女神智慧女神墨提斯墨提斯(Metis) 堂、表姐：第一堂、表姐：第一 位

14、位 雅典娜雅典娜 正義女神正義女神忒彌斯忒彌斯(Themis） 姑、姨媽：第二姑、姨媽：第二 位位 時(shí)序三女神時(shí)序三女神 海洋女神海洋女神歐律諾墨歐律諾墨（Eurynome） 堂、表姐：第三堂、表姐：第三 位位 美惠三女神美惠三女神 豐產(chǎn)、農(nóng)林女神豐產(chǎn)、農(nóng)林女神德墨忒爾德墨忒爾(Demeter) 二姐：第四位二姐：第四位 珀?duì)柸Ｄ隊(duì)柸Ｄ?記憶女神記憶女神摩涅莫緒涅摩涅莫緒涅(Mnemosyne） 姑、姑、姨媽姨媽：第五：第五 位位 九位繆斯女神九位繆斯女神 暗夜女神暗夜女神勒托勒托（Leto) 堂表姐：第六位堂表姐：第六位孿生姐弟孿生姐弟阿爾忒彌斯阿爾忒彌斯與與阿阿波羅波羅 天后天后赫拉

15、赫拉(Hera) 三姐：第七位妻三姐：第七位妻戰(zhàn)神戰(zhàn)神阿瑞斯阿瑞斯、赫淮斯托、赫淮斯托斯斯、埃勒提亞埃勒提亞和和赫赫伯伯 風(fēng)雨女神風(fēng)雨女神邁亞邁亞外遇外遇神使神使 赫爾墨斯赫爾墨斯 忒拜公主忒拜公主 塞墨涅塞墨涅外遇外遇酒神酒神 狄俄尼索斯狄俄尼索斯 阿爾戈斯公主阿爾戈斯公主 達(dá)娜亞達(dá)娜亞外遇外遇大英雄大英雄 提林斯王提林斯王珀耳修斯珀耳修斯 阿爾戈斯公主阿爾戈斯公主 阿爾克墨涅阿爾克墨涅外遇外遇大英雄大英雄 赫拉克勒斯赫拉克勒斯 河神阿索波斯之女河神阿索波斯之女 安提俄佩安提俄佩外遇外遇忒拜王忒拜王 安菲翁安菲翁 河神阿索波斯之女河神阿索波斯之女 埃吉娜（埃吉娜（Aegina） 外遇外遇沃諾

16、斯王冥界判官沃諾斯王冥界判官 埃阿科斯埃阿科斯（Aeacus） 腓尼基公主腓尼基公主 歐羅巴歐羅巴外遇外遇 冥界判官冥界判官拉達(dá)曼提斯拉達(dá)曼提斯克里特王和冥界判官克里特王和冥界判官彌諾斯彌諾斯和英雄和英雄 薩爾佩冬薩爾佩冬 斯巴達(dá)王后斯巴達(dá)王后 勒勒達(dá)達(dá)外遇外遇英雄英雄 波呂杜提斯和絕色美女波呂杜提斯和絕色美女 海倫海倫（Helen） 河神伊那科斯之女赫拉女祭司河神伊那科斯之女赫拉女祭司 伊伊俄俄外遇外遇埃及王埃及王 埃帕福斯埃帕福斯 呂基亞呂基亞公主公主外遇外遇呂基亞王呂基亞王 King of the sky and the earth. Ruler of the Olympiangods.

17、 He was the rain god , and the cloud gatherer,who holds the terrible thunderbolt. His bird the eagle, his tree is the oak . ZeusZeus 宙宙 斯斯 He is married to Hera butHe is married to Hera but, ,is famous for his many is famous for his many affairsaffairs. . He is also known to punish those that lie or

18、 He is also known to punish those that lie or break oathsbreak oaths. . Zeus wife and sister. Queen of the gods. Goddess of marriage and childbirth and takes special care of married women. Hera Hera 赫拉赫拉 Most stories concerning Hera have to do with her Most stories concerning Hera have to do with he

19、r jealous revenge for Zeuss infidelitiesjealous revenge for Zeuss infidelities（不信神，不忠）（不信神，不忠）. . Brother of Zeus . God of the sea , Protector of all waters. His weapon is a trident (三叉戟三叉戟) , whichcan shake the earth , and shatter anyobject. PoseidonPoseidon 波塞波塞 冬冬 He is second only to Zeus in pow

20、er amongst the gods. . He was widely worshiped by seamen. Brother of Zeus. God of the dead. Ruler of the underworld. God of wealth , due to the precious metals mined from the earth. Hades Hades 哈迪斯哈迪斯 Zeus sister. Goddess of the hearth(灶灶臺(tái)臺(tái)). The symbol of the house around which a new born child is

21、carried before it isreceived into the family. Hestia Hestia 赫斯提赫斯提亞亞 Of all the Olympians, she is the mildest, most upright and most charitable （仁慈的）（仁慈的）. Son of Zeus and Hera. God of war. He is considered murderous （行兇的）行兇的） and bloodstained （血污的）（血污的）but also a coward. He was disliked by both par

22、ents. Ares Ares 阿瑞斯阿瑞斯 Ares: All that you have, is dead! 阿瑞斯：阿瑞斯：“你所擁有的，只有死亡！你所擁有的，只有死亡！” He was the one god who ever had to submit to the power of his inferiors. At one time lack of tact and good udgement led to his shame. He was fighting with two giants , and finding himself no match for the two m

23、onstrous creatures , laid down his arms and was imprisoned in chains. He was set free in the end by the artful Hermes, but not before he had suffered all the humiliations. Son of Zeus. God of commerce. Messenger for all the other gods. Guide for the dead to go to the underworld. Hermes Hermes 赫爾墨斯赫爾

24、墨斯 He was the cleverest of the Olympian gods. He is the fastest of the gods. He wears winged sandals, a winged hat, and carries a magic wand（棒）（棒）. 他是奧林匹斯山上最聰明的他是奧林匹斯山上最聰明的 神。神。 他是速度最快的神，他腳生他是速度最快的神，他腳生 雙翼，頭上戴有翅膀的帽子，手雙翼，頭上戴有翅膀的帽子，手 里拿著魔杖。里拿著魔杖。 Son of Zeus and Hera. God of fire and the forg （熔（熔爐爐）.

25、 HephaestusHephaestus 赫菲斯托斯赫菲斯托斯 He is the smith and armorer (兵器制造者）兵器制造者）of the gods. He is kind and peace loving . He is the only god to be physically ugly. He is also lame(瘸瘸的，跛的的，跛的). 他是諸神的工匠，具有高超的技巧，制造了許多 著名的神兵、神器。傳說阿波羅駕駛的日車、厄 洛斯的金箭銀箭、宙斯的神盾都是他鑄制的。 Son of Zeus. God of sun. God of healing who tau

26、ght man medicine. God of truth , who can not speak a lie. Apollo Apollo 阿波阿波羅羅 The archer, far shooting with a silver bow (弓箭弓箭). Apollo also was the god of music and poetry. He could stir up all feelings. These feelings are expressed in lofty songs. With his lyre of gold and the sweet accents of hi

27、s godlike voice held the choir of the Muse sat Olympus. 阿波羅也是音樂神和詩神。他可以喚起人們各種情感并表達(dá)阿波羅也是音樂神和詩神。他可以喚起人們各種情感并表達(dá) 于圣歌中的。在奧林匹斯山上，他拿著金里拉，用優(yōu)美的音調(diào)來于圣歌中的。在奧林匹斯山上，他拿著金里拉，用優(yōu)美的音調(diào)來 指揮繆斯合唱。指揮繆斯合唱。 He wore a purple robe. He usually sat in his bright eastern palace early in the morning and madeready tostart his daily

28、 journey acrossthe sky. One of Apollos more importaint daily tasks is to harness his chariot with four horses and drive the sun across the sky. During the day hed rove his carriage of gold and ivory , and brought light , life and love to the great world below . Late in the afternoon he came to the e

29、nd of his journey in the far western sea and got on his golden boat to return to his eastern home. Daughter of Zeus. Her twin brother is Apollo. Goddess of the hunt , the moon, chastity, virginity,and the natural environment. She is the protector of the young women. Artemis Artemis 阿爾忒彌斯阿爾忒彌斯 She is

30、 the master of wild animal. She is a good archer , the crescent moon is her bow. Daughter of Zeus. Goddess of wisdom victory and war. She sprang full grown inarmour（盔甲）（盔甲）from his forehead ，thus has no mother . Athena Athena 雅典娜雅典娜 She is fierce and brave in battle but, only wars to defined the sta

31、te and home from outside enemies. She is the goddess of the city, handicrafts, and agriculture. She invented the bridle （ （韁繩韁繩） ）, the trumpet, the flute, the pot, the plow, the yoke, the ship, and the chariot. She is the embodiment（化身）（化身） of wisdom, reason, and purity. purity. She was Zeuss favor

32、ite child and was allowed to use his weapons including his thunderbolt. Her favorite city is Athens. Her tree is the olive. The owl is her bird. Goddess of love ，desire and beauty. She represented sex, affection, and the attraction that binds people together. Aphrodite Aphrodite 阿弗洛狄德阿弗洛狄德 In additi

33、on to her natural gifts , she has a magical girdle that compels （迫使）（迫使）anyone she wishes to desire her. Her tree is myrtle (桃金娘；桃金娘；愛愛神神 木木) . Dove (白白鴿鴿) is her bird. PrometheusPrometheus（普（普羅羅米修斯）米修斯） Creator of mankind. 人類的創(chuàng)造者 Mans protector and benefactor. 人類的保護(hù)者和拯救者。 He shaped man out of mud.

34、他用泥捏成人形，創(chuàng)造了人類。 He stole fire for mankind ,with the result that he was punished form Zeus. He was chained to Mount Caucasus, and every morning an eagle would appeared and ate his liver, which grow back at night. 他為人類偷了圣火，所以被宙斯懲罰。他被綁在高加索山， 每天早晨都會(huì)有鷹來吃他的肝臟，肝臟會(huì)在晚上又長出來。 PrometheusPrometheus 普普羅羅米修斯米修斯 He

35、was a champion of mankind, known for his wily intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus and gave it to mortals. Zeus then punished him for his crime by having him bound to a rock while a great eagle ate his liver every day only to have it grow back to be eaten again the next day. His myth has been trea

36、ted by a number of ancient sources, in which Prometheus is credited with or blamed for playing a pivotal role in the early history of mankind. PART2PART2： HeroesHeroes Greek heroes were almost as important as the gods in Greek mythology. Heroes were bigger, braver, and more beautiful than ordinary m

37、en and women. In most cases their fathers or grandfathers were gods, but their mothers were mortals, so they were often called demigods (half-gods). 在希臘神話中，希臘英雄和希臘神同樣重要。英雄們比普通的人 類更強(qiáng)大、更勇敢。他們中大部分人的父親或者祖父是神，但他們的 母親是普通人，所以他們經(jīng)常也被稱為“半神人”。 Perseus (Perseus (珀?duì)栃匏圭隊(duì)栃匏? ) The son of Zeus. Got the help form At

38、hena and Hermes, he killed the Gorgon (蛇蛇發(fā)發(fā)女妖女妖) Medusa. He fixed his eyes on Medusas reflection in the polished (光滑的光滑的) surface of his shield (盾盾) and then cut off her head. Iason (Iason (伊阿宋伊阿宋) ) Leader of the Argonauts in the quest for the Golden Fleece (金羊毛金羊毛). 尋尋找金羊毛找金羊毛時(shí)時(shí)阿爾戈阿爾戈號(hào)號(hào)的的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者者。 H

39、eracles (Heracles (赫拉克勒斯赫拉克勒斯) ) The last earthborn son of Zeus. A hero of extraordinary strength who won immortality by performing 12 labors demanded by Hera. He killed the menacing (險(xiǎn)惡的) Nemean Lion, overcame the nine-headed snake (九頭蛇), got the from the golden-apple tree, and brought the three-he

40、aded watchdog of the Underworld, Cerberus, to the surface without using any weapons. Theseus(Theseus(忒修斯忒修斯) ) The son of Poseidon. While having all the qualities of a traditional hero, such as strength and courage, he was also intelligent and wise. He killed Minotaurus (米米諾諾陶洛陶洛 斯斯) to whom quite a

41、 lot of young people had fallen prey (捕食捕食). PART3PART3：MonstersMonsters Medusa(Medusa(美杜莎美杜莎): ): 蛇蛇發(fā)發(fā)女妖。女妖。 Cerberus(Cerberus(凱凱洛洛貝羅貝羅斯斯): ): 三三頭頭巨犬。把守冥府的大巨犬。把守冥府的大門門。 MinotaurusMinotaurus ( (米米諾諾陶洛斯陶洛斯): ): 牛牛頭頭怪。怪。 Hydra(Hydra(許許德拉德拉): ): 九九頭頭蛇。蛇。 Medusa (Medusa (美杜莎美杜莎) ) A gorgon, who turned i

42、nto stone anyone be holding her. Cerberus (Cerberus (凱凱洛洛貝羅貝羅斯斯) ) three-headed three-headed watchdogwatchdog MinotaurusMinotaurus ( (米米諾諾陶洛斯陶洛斯) ) Hydra (Hydra (許許德拉德拉) ) nine-headednine-headed snakesnake 演講稿 Ppt2: Greek Mythology is a group of traditional tales told by the ancient Greeks about the

43、 deeds of gods, heroes and their relations with human beings. The Greek mythology is an important part of the ancient culture which has vast and deep influence on the whole western culture. Its great influence upon the English language and literature is beyond description. A great number of words an

44、d idioms in the English language come from the Greek mythology. Ppt3: The ancient Greeks worshiped many gods. Greek gods can be divided into several groups. The earliest group was Titans , led by Cronus . The most powerful group was the Olympians . The Olympians are a group of gods who ruled after t

45、he overthrow of the Titans. All the Olympians are related in some way . They are named after their dwelling（住宅,住所）place Mount Olympus. Today we mainly want to talk about the Olympians. Ppt4/5: Zeus is the “Father of Gods and men” who rule the Olympians of Mount Olympus as a father rule the family. H

46、e is the god of sky and thunder in Greek mythology. However, he is known for his erotic escapades. These resulted in many godly and heroic offspring, including Athena, Apollo and so on. His symbols are the thunderbolt, eagle, bull, and oak. In addition to his Indo-European inheritance, the classical

47、 cloud-gatherer also derives certain iconographic traits from the cultures of the Ancient Near East, such as the scepter. Zeus is frequently depicted by Greek artists in one of two poses: standing, striding forward, with a thunderbolt leveled in his raised right hand, or seated in majesty. Ppt6/7: A

48、res was the Greek god of war. He is one of the Twelve Olympians, and the son of Zeus and Hera. In Greek literature, he often represents the physical or violent aspect of war, in contrast to the armored Athena, whose functions as a goddess of intelligence include military strategy and generalship. Pp

49、t8: He was the god who ever had to submit to the power of his inferiors. At one time lack of tact and good judgment led to his shame. He was fighting with two giants , and finding himself no match for the two monstrous creatures , laid down his arms and was imprisoned in chains. He was set free in t

50、he end by the artful Hermes, but not before he had suffered all the humiliations. Ppt9/10: Hermes was the son of Zeus and the Pleiade, Maia, a daughter of the Titan, Atlas. The second youngest of the Olympian gods, he was born before Dionysus. Hermes was the herald, or messenger, of the gods to huma

51、ns, sharing this role with Iris. A patron of boundaries and the travelers who cross them, he was the protector of shepherds and cowherds, thieves, orators and wit, literature and poets, athletics and sports, weights and measures, invention, and of commerce in general. Ppt11/12: Apollo also was the god of music and poetry. He could stir up all feelings. These feeli