職稱英語等級考試理工類(B級)試題及答案

1、2008年職稱英語考試理工類（b級）真題第1部分：詞匯選項(第11 5題，每題1分，共15分)下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。1 she found me very dulla dirty b sleepy c lazy d boring2 the president made a brief visit to beijinga short b working c forma d secret3 he was persuaded to give the idea.a mention b accept c consider d drop4 j

2、ack consumes a pound of cheese daya eats b drinks c buys d produces5 mary just told us a very fascinating story.a strange b frightening c difficult d interesting6 its a gorgeous day anywaya lovely b cold c normal d rainy7 her life is becoming more diversea generous b humorous c varied d romantic8 fo

3、reign military aid was prolonging the wara broadening b worsening c extending d accelerating9 she was unwilling to go but she had no choicea unable b indecisive c ready d reluctant10 she isslender，with delicate wrists and anklesa sick b weak c slim d pale11 with immense relief, stopped runninga some

4、 b enormous c little d extensive12 the scientists began to accumulate dataa collect b handle c analyze d investigate13jack eventuallyovertook .the last trucka hit b passed c reached d led14 sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advancea possible b profitable c easy d wise15 the reason for thei

5、r unusual behavior remains a puzzlea fact b mystery c statement d game第2部分：暫缺第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第2330題，每題1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：(1)第2326題要求從所給的6個選項中為第25段每段選擇1個最佳標題；(2)第2730題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1。個最佳選項。the supercomputer network 1 recently, ten laboratories run by governments in different parts of the world h

6、ave become linkedtheir computers have been connected so they can“talk”to each other this may not seem very dramatic news，but it is the beginning of a development that will increase the power of the internet tremendously2 the lnternet is an interconnected (互聯(lián))system of networks that connects computer

7、s round the world and facilitates the transmission and exchange of information the way that you use the intermit is by accessing this networkthis depends on the power that your system allows you to usethe power of your computer is responsible for how fast you can download(下載)files，how much data you

8、can store，etcif your computer is old and slow，accessing the information can be very difficult3 the new development in information technology has been called“the grid”(網(wǎng)格技術(shù))，and it will be a network of computers that are linked togetherthe“grid”will work in a different way from the i internet. enabli

9、ng you to get the power of the biggest computers in the world on your computeraccessing the information will no longer depend on the power of your computerthe idea is that while you access information，you will also have access to the power of the bigger computer stations4 one advantage of this revol

10、utionary idea is that geographical location will become irrelevantthe“grid”will decide which are the best parts of a worldwide network to do the job you wantthis means that you may be accessing a computer in japan to solve a problem in alaska5 the“grid”can be compared to having an efficient personal

11、 assistantyou can gave your assistant a task and“he”wil d0 it for youthe assistant will do the preliminary research，collect the data，compare them and decide on the best course of action by accessing any of the computer centers in the “grid” that happen to have the relevant informationail you have to

12、 do is assign the task，sit back and wait6 at presentpossible applications of the“grid”in scientific research are being exploredwhile it has taken about fifteen years for internet use to become widespread， experts believe that the “grid” could be us and running for private individuals far more quickl

13、yscientists working“gridprojects are convinced that it will be as widely used as the web in the next ten years23 paragraph 2_24 paragraph 3_25 paragraph 4_26 paragraph 5_a how does the “grid” work?b power sharedc just make a requestd limitations of present internet usee distance is not a problemf a

14、new era for the internet27 traditionally the power of your computer determines how fast you can access_28 the “grid” will enable you to get on your computer the power of_29 the “grid” would be like_ who can perform your tasks efficiently30 it is believed that the widespread use of the “grid” will be

15、come possible in the next_a the bigger computer stationsb the advantagec ten yearsd informatione your personal assistantf fifteen years第4部分：閱讀理解(第3145題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。第一篇sunspotsits not surprising that sunspots(太陽黑子)were observed by ancient astronomers (天文學家)the larg

16、est soupspoon the sun can be seen without a telescopeit was not until the invention of the telescope(望遠鏡)in the early 17th.century，however，that systematic studies of sunspots could be undertakenthe great astronomer galileo was among the first to make telescopic observations of sunspotssunspots are r

17、egions of extremely strong magnetic fields(磁場)found on the suns surfacea sunspot has a dark central core known as the umbrathe umbra is surrounded by a dark ring called the penumbra，where the magnetic field spreads outwardsunspots appear dark because they are giving off less radiationthey are cooler

18、 than the rest of the sun s surface sunspots are frequently observedin-pairs of in paired groupsthe members of aspot pair are identified as the leading spot and the following spotthey are identified by their position in the pair in terms of the direction in which the sun rotates(旋轉(zhuǎn)) the number of su

19、nspots at any one time variesa large spot group may consist of as many as 1 0 groups and 300 spots across the sunthe number of spots changes in a fairly regular pattern called the sunspot cyclethe largest number occurs about every 1 1 yearsat sunspot minim lm，there are at most just a few small spots

20、 the average lifetime of an individual spot group is roughly one solar rotation，which is about 25 daysthe most persistent large slops，however can survive for two to three months31 careful observations and systematic studies of sunspots a were made by ancient astronomers. b started in the early 17thc

21、entury. c were made by galileo only. d could be made without a telescope.32 sunspots are cooler than the rest of the suns surface because a they produce less energy. b they are buried in the sun. c they are far away from magnetic fields. d they are close to magnetic fields.33 the leading spot and th

22、e following spot are the names of a two large sunspots. b a large spot and a small spot. c the two spots in a spot pair. d the central core and the ring around it.34 infiniteness sunspot activity had occurred in 1857, the next one would have been in a 1858. b 1862. c 1865 d 186835 in the last paragr

23、aph the word persistent means a important. b effective. c enduring. d visible.第二篇 where have all the bees gone? scientists who study insects have a real mystery on their handsall across the country, honeybees are leaving their hives(蜂巢)and never returningresearchers call this phenomenon colony-colla

24、pse(群體癱瘓)disorderit is reposed that 25 to 40 percent of the honeybees in the us have vanished from their hives since last fallso far, no one can explain why colony collapse is a serious concern because bees play an important role in the production of about onethird of the foods we eatas they feed，ho

25、neybees spread pollen (花粉)from flower to flowerwithout this process，a plant cant produce seeds or fruits now，a group of scientists and beekeepers have teamed up to try to figure out whats causing the alarming collapse of so many coloniesthey hope to find out whats contributing to the decline and to

26、prevent bee disappearance in the future it could be that disease is causing the disappearance of the beesto explore that possibility, jay evans，a researcher at the united states department of agriculture (sda)bee research laboratory, examines bees taken from colonies that are collapsing“we know what

27、 a healthy bee should look like on the insideand we can look for physical signs of disease”he saysand bees from collapsing colonies dont look very healthy“their stomachs are worn downcompared to the stomachs of healthy bees， evans saysit may be that a parasite(寄生蟲)making the beesdigestive organs the

28、ir immune(免疫的)systems may not be working as they shouldmoreover，they have high levels of bacteria inside their bodies another cause of colonycollapse disorder may be certain chemicals that farmers apply to kill unwanted insects on crops，says jerry hayes，chief bee inspector for the florida department

29、 of agriculturesome studies，he says，suggest that a certain type of insecticide(殺蟲劑)affects the honeybees newels system and memory“it seems like honeybees are going out and getting confused about where to go and what to do，he says 1f it turns out that a disease is contributing to colony collapse，bees

30、genes could explain why some colonies have collapsed and others have notin any group of bees there are many different kinds of genesthe more different genes a group has，the higher the groups genetic diversityso far scientists havent determined the role of genetic diversity in colony collapse，but its

31、 a promising theory，says evans36 what is the mystery that researchers find hard to explain? a honeybees are flying all across the country b half of the honeybees in the us have died c honeybees are leaving their hives and do not return d honeybee hives are in disorder37 researchers are seriously con

32、cerned with the phenomenon of colonycollapse disorder becausea honeybees help produce one-third of the foods we eatb parasites on bees may spread everywherec honeybees cannot find enough food elsewhered honeybees feed on flowers38 which of the following is a possible cause of the colony-collapse dis

33、order? a population explosion b decreasing number of flowers around c genetically modified products d diseases and chemicals39 which of the following explanations is given by jerry hayes to the phenomenon? a bee-keepers do not understand the honeybees behavior b a certain type of chemical destroys t

34、he honeybees newels system c honeybees are infected by unwanted insects d some crops are poisonous to the honeybees40 the word “diversity in the last paragraph means a variety b makeup c disorder d distinction第三篇a tale of scottish rural life lewis grasses gibbons sunset song(1932)was voted“the best

35、scottish novel of all time”by scotlands reading public in 2005once considered shocking for its frank description of aspects of the lives of scotlands poor rural farmers，it has been adapted for stage，film。tv and radio in recent decades the novel is set on the fictional estate of kin addie，in the farm

36、ing country of the scottish northwest in the years up to and beyond world war iat its heart is the story of chris，who is both part of the community and a little outside it grasses gibbon gives us the most detailed and intimate account of the life of his heroine(女主人公)we watch her grow through a child

37、hood dominated by her cruel but hardworking father；experience tragedy(her mothers suicide and murder of her twin children)；and learn about her feelings as she grows into a womanwe see her marry， lose her husband，then marry againchris has seemed so convincing a figure to some female readers that they

38、 cannot, believe that she is the creation of a man but it would be misleading to suggest that this book is just about chrisit is truly a novel of a place and its peopleits opening section tells of kin addies long history, in a language that imitates the places changing patterns of speech and writing

39、 the story itself is amazingly full of characters and incidentsit is told from chrispoint of view but also from that of the gossiping community，a community where everybody knows everybody elses business and nothing is ever forgotten sunset song has a social theme tooit is concerned with what grasses

40、 gibbon perceives as the destruction of traditional scottish rural life first by modernization and then by world war igibbon tried hard to show how certain characters resist the war despite this，the war takes the young men away, a number of them to their deathsin particular, it takes away chrishusba

41、nd，evan avondalethe war finally kills evan，but not in the way his widow is told，in factthe germans ament responsible for his death，but his own sidehe is shot because he is said to have run away from a battle if the novel is about the end of one way of life it also looks aheadit is a“sunset song”but

42、is concerned too with the new kin addie，indeed of the new european world grasses gibbon went on to publish two other novels about the place that continue its story41. what is sunset song mainly about? a the first world war b the beauty of the sunset c the new european world. d the lives of rural sco

43、ttish farmers42. which statement is not true of chris? a. she is the heroine of sunset song b. she had a miserable childhood c. she is the creation of man d. she married only once.43. what is the opening section of the novel mainly concerned with? a .the climate of kin addie b. the history of kin ad

44、die c. the geography of kin addie. d. the language spoken in kin addie44. who killed chrishusband，evan? a. his own troops b. the french army c. the germans. d. the russian soldiers45. the word “sunset” in the title of this novel most probably means a. the end of the heroines life b. the end often st

45、ory c. the end of the traditional way of life d. the end of the day第5部分：補全短文(第4650題，每題2分，共10分)下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。rising tuition in the us every spring，us university administrators gather to discuss the next academic years budgetthey consider faculty salaries，utili

46、ty costs for dormitories，new building needs and repairs to old onesthey run the numbers and concludeit seems，inevitably that，yet again，the cost of tuition must go up according to the uss college board，the price of attending a four-year private university in the us rose 81 percent between 2005 and 20

47、06，the numbers continued to rise 1993 and 2004_(46)in according to university officialscollege cost increases are simply the result of balancing university checkbooks“tuition increases at cedarville university are determined by our revenue needs for each year,”said the universitys president，dr bill

48、brown“student tuition pays for 78 percent of the universitys operating costs。”browns school is a private university that enrolls about 3，1 00 undergrads and is consistentlyrecognized by annual college ranking guides like us news and world reports and the princeton reviews_(47) tuition at private uni

49、versities is set by administration officials and then sent for approval to the schools board of trustees (監(jiān)管)all of a states public institutionsjohn durham，assistant secretary (董事) _ (48) this board oversees to the board of trustees at east carolina university(ecu)，explains that state law says that

50、public institutions must make their services available whenever possible to the people of the state for freedurham said that north carolina residents only pay 22 percent of the cost of their education _(49)state residents attending ecu pay about us$10，000 for tuition room and board before financial

51、aid amid the news about continued increases in college costs，however，there is some good newstuition increases have been accompanied by roughly equal increases in financial aid at almost every universityto receive financial aid，us students complete a formal application with the federal government. th

52、e federal government then decides whittler an applicant is eligible(有資格的)for grants or loans_(50)a. the application is then sent to the students university, where the school itself will decide whether free money will be given to the student and how muchb. at public universities, however, tuition inc

53、reases must also be approved by a state education committee, sometimes called the board of governorsc. the school currently charges us$23,410 a year for tuition.d. many american people are simply unable to pay the growing cost of foode. thats more than double the rate of inflation.f. the state gover

54、nment covers the rest第6部分：完型填空(第5165題，每題1分，共15分) 下面的短文有15處空白，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。paper or plastic? take a walk along the chesapeake bay, and you are likely to see plastic bags floating in the waterthey have made their_(51)into local waterways and，from there，into the bay, where they can_(52)wildlifepiles of them show up in landfills(垃圾填埋地)and on city streetsplastic bags also take an environm