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1、動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化遺傳易感性與dcc基因多態(tài)性的相關(guān)性【關(guān)鍵詞】 動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化關(guān)鍵詞: 基因,dcc;串聯(lián)重復(fù)序列;動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化;遺傳易感性摘 要:目的 探討dcc基因str位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化遺傳易感性之間的關(guān)系。 方法 利用pcr-str方法對陜西正常老年人群(52例)動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化(57例)的dcc基因str位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性進(jìn)行群體遺傳學(xué)研究,并就該位點(diǎn)與動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化關(guān)系進(jìn)行關(guān)聯(lián)分析。 結(jié)果 對照組陜西正常老年人群dcc基因str位點(diǎn),擴(kuò)增片斷基因頻率分布0.00960.3270,片斷重復(fù)次數(shù)為3792;dcc基因str位點(diǎn),在正常老年人群中多態(tài)信息量(pic)為0.754,雜合度(h)為0.81

2、2.結(jié)果對比顯示,病例組與對照組等位基因頻率分布有顯著差異(2 =38.792,df=13,p0.01),其中動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化組250270bp范圍內(nèi)基因頻率高于對照組(p0.01),對照組180190bp范圍內(nèi)基因頻率高于動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化組(p0.01);病例組與對照組雜合度與多態(tài)性分析,未見顯著性差異。 結(jié)論 dcc基因str位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性改變可能與動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化遺傳易感性相關(guān)聯(lián),等位基因片斷長度在250270bp范圍內(nèi)的可能是動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化的遺傳標(biāo)記。keywords:genes,dcc;tandem repeat sequences;atherosclerosis;susceptibilityabst

3、ract:aim to study the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of dcc gene str in shaanxi people and its possible association with the susceptibility of atherosclerosis.methods polymorphisms of dcc gene str was studied by pcr-str in52unrelated individuals and57atheroscle-rosis samples in shaanxi p

4、eople.results the frequency of alleles which were amplified in the control group was from0.00960.3270and the number of repetition was from37to92.polymorphism information content(pic)of dcc gene str was0.754and the heterozygosity(h)was0.812.the distribution of allele frequency between atherosclerosis

5、 and control group was significantly different(2 =38.792,df=13,p0.01)。compared to the amplified fragment of the control group,the frequency varying from250270bp in atherosclerosis group was apparently higher than that in con-trol group;however,the frequency varying from180190bp was significantly low

6、er than that in control one.conclusion there is an association between polymorphism of dcc gene str and atherosclerosis susceptibility.the poly-morphism of dcc gene str may play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.and the fragment ran-ging from250270bp may be considered as a gen

7、etic marker of atherosclerosis.0 引言動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化是一種常見的心血管疾病,屬多基因遺傳,可能與載脂蛋白、糖尿病、吸煙等多種因素有關(guān),而動(dòng)脈內(nèi)膜平滑肌細(xì)胞遷移與增殖是動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化形成的重要環(huán)節(jié)。dcc基因(delected in colorectal cancer)是一種抑癌基因,位于18q21.21 ,在細(xì)胞的增值與抑制中具有重要作用2 .現(xiàn)在有關(guān)動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化與dcc基因str位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性之間的研究尚無報(bào)道。我們從動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化人群dcc基因str多態(tài)性研究出發(fā),對動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化發(fā)生發(fā)展的分子機(jī)制作了進(jìn)一步研究。1 對象和方法1.1 對象 陜西地區(qū)正常老年人群52例(

8、外周血)(取自唐都醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科并經(jīng)冠狀動(dòng)脈造影確診為非患病人群),動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化人群57例(外周血)(取自唐都醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科并經(jīng)冠狀動(dòng)脈造影確診)。1.2 方法 常規(guī)酚/氯仿法,由外周血白細(xì)胞中提取基因組dna,經(jīng)蛋白酶k(sigma公司)消化,以pcr法擴(kuò)增,參照文獻(xiàn)3合成引物,序列:5端和3端引物分別為5-gatgacattttccctctag-3和5-gtggttattgccttgaaaag-3(美聯(lián)公司合成)。反應(yīng)體系30l,依次加入滅菌雙蒸水,10taq聚和酶緩沖液(華美公司)3l,引物各1.5l含基因組dna0.5g,dntp2.5mmol l-1 .先預(yù)變性9710min,然后941mi

9、n,5145s,721min,擴(kuò)增30個(gè)循環(huán),最后72延伸10min(pcr儀為pe公司480型),擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物以pgem-3zf(+)dna/haeiii marker為對照產(chǎn)物,檢測用80g l-1 普通聚丙烯酰胺凝膠電泳(160v電壓56h),eb染色后觀察,拍照,并交bioasia上海博亞生物技術(shù)有限公司測序。統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理:計(jì)算各組等位基因頻率,按hardy-weinberg平衡法,確定各樣本該基因的群體代表性,用2 檢驗(yàn)各組等位基因頻率的差異,p0.05為有顯著差異,基因雜合度(h)和多態(tài)信息量(pic)計(jì)算使用cooper方法,所有統(tǒng)計(jì)工作均用ssps軟件分析完成。2 結(jié)果2.1 正常老

10、年人群dcc基因多態(tài)性分布 遺傳無關(guān)個(gè)體52例基因組dna經(jīng)pcr擴(kuò)增,片斷擴(kuò)增范圍在150270bp,基因頻率為0.00960.3270,片斷重復(fù)單位at(fig1),重復(fù)次數(shù)為3792,以160170bp范圍內(nèi)基因頻率最高(0.3270),其次以170180bp和180190bp范圍內(nèi)居多,計(jì)算該位點(diǎn)多態(tài)信息量(pic)為0.754,雜合度(h)為0.812(tab1)。圖1 略表1 陜西漢族老年人群dcc基因str多態(tài)分布略2.2 動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化人群dcc基因多態(tài)性分布 陜西地區(qū)57例動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化個(gè)體,基因組dna經(jīng)pcr擴(kuò)增,片斷擴(kuò)增范圍在145275bp,基因頻率0.00880.280

11、0,片斷重復(fù)次數(shù)為3294,其中以170180bp范圍基因頻率最高,為0.2800,160170bp次之,計(jì)算該位點(diǎn)多態(tài)信息量(pic)為0.814,雜合度(h)為0.877(tab1)。2.3 動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化與對照組dcc基因多態(tài)性分布比較 兩組等位基因頻率分布存在顯著差異(2 =38.972,df=13,p0.01,tab1),動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化組250260bp和260270bp范圍內(nèi)基因頻率(0.0877;0.1140)分別高于相應(yīng)對照組(p0.01),對照組180190bp范圍基因頻率(0.1827),明顯高于動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化組(0.0439)(p0.01),提示dcc基因str位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與動(dòng)脈

12、粥樣硬化相易感性相關(guān)聯(lián),等位基因片斷長度在250270bp范圍內(nèi)的可能為其遺傳標(biāo)記(fig2)。3 討論動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化所引發(fā)的急性心肌梗死、心絞痛、腦卒中等是嚴(yán)重的心腦血管疾病,已經(jīng)成為嚴(yán)重威脅我國人民健康的主要疾病。其發(fā)病與多種因素有關(guān),表現(xiàn)出明顯的地域性和家族聚集現(xiàn)象。目前,有關(guān)動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化的研究主要集中在載脂蛋白4 ,rb5-7 ,p538,9 等。dcc基因最初因?yàn)槠湓诮Y(jié)腸癌中表達(dá)高頻缺失而被分離鑒定,現(xiàn)已克隆的cdna的編碼序列在4kb以上。最近其基因組結(jié)構(gòu)表明,該基因在人類基因組中跨越1.4mb dna,至少由29個(gè)外顯子構(gòu)成,僅第一個(gè)內(nèi)含子就有550kb,是迄今發(fā)現(xiàn)的最大的抑癌基因

13、10,11 .通過對dcc基因產(chǎn)物氨基酸序列分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)其與神經(jīng)細(xì)胞粘附分子以及其他相關(guān)細(xì)胞表面屬于免疫球蛋白超家族的糖蛋白具有同源性12 ,這種同源性表明dcc基因的功能很可能在細(xì)胞間相互作用中發(fā)揮重要作用13 .而且,通過臨床病理學(xué)檢查,dcc基因的等位缺失僅在中度分化及低分化腫瘤中有所發(fā)現(xiàn),這揭示dcc基因功能的喪失有可能直接參與腫瘤細(xì)胞14 的分化與擴(kuò)散2 .現(xiàn)在對dcc基因的研究不僅僅局限在結(jié)腸癌15 ,其表達(dá)高頻缺失在食管癌、乳腺癌、胰腺腫瘤16 、前列腺腫瘤17 和血液惡性腫瘤18,19 研究中均有報(bào)道。str是一種理想遺傳標(biāo)記,在基因連鎖圖譜測定,遺傳性疾病相關(guān)位點(diǎn)的鑒別中發(fā)揮重

14、要作用。圖2 不同組中等位基因頻率分布略通過對陜西地區(qū)正常老年人群dcc基因str位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性分析顯示,該位點(diǎn)基因分布符合hardy-winberg平衡定律,說明該基因已達(dá)遺傳平衡,具有群體代表性;雜合度0.812,pic為0.754,說明該位點(diǎn)具有豐富的多態(tài)信息量,可作遺傳標(biāo)記研究基因與腫瘤關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系。通過分析比較發(fā)現(xiàn),動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化人群與正常老年人群,在dcc基因str位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性分布中存在顯著性差異(p0.01),其中動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化組,250260bp和260270bp范圍基因頻率(0.0877;0.1140)高于對照組,而對照組180190bp范圍基因頻率(0.1827)高于動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化組(0.

15、0439)。而且,在高重復(fù)區(qū),病例組均比對照組有明 顯升高(fig1)。兩組結(jié)果差異性,可能是在基因的復(fù)制、轉(zhuǎn)錄和修復(fù)過程中,由于體內(nèi)外多種因素的綜合影響,導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞周期調(diào)控基因發(fā)生功能紊亂,原癌基因被激活,抑癌基因功能減弱,而使錯(cuò)誤效應(yīng)得以長期積累,表現(xiàn)為動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化組與對照組的基因頻率分布存在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異,顯示dcc基因str位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化遺傳易感性相關(guān)聯(lián)。動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化的發(fā)病是多基因、多階段、多因素長期綜合作用的結(jié)果。我們僅分析了dcc基因str位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性改變在動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化行成中的作用,認(rèn)為dcc基因可能是動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化的致病因素之一,其位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性改變與動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化遺傳易感性相關(guān),而對

16、于其他調(diào)控細(xì)胞周期的基因與動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化關(guān)系尚未作闡述,還需進(jìn)一步研究。參考文獻(xiàn):1miyake s,nagai k,yoshino k,oto m,endo m,yuaza y.point mutations and allelic deletion of tumor suppressor gene dcc in human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and their relation to metastasis j。cancer res,1994;54:3007-3010.2fearon er,cho kr,nigro jm,kem se,si

17、mons jw,ruppert jh,hamilton sr,preisinger ac,thomas g,kinzler kw,vogelstein b.identification of a chromosome18q gene that is al-tered in colorectal cancer j。science,1990;247:49-56.3boring cc,squire ts,tong t.cancer statistics,1991j。ca:cancer j clin,1991;41:19-46.4pati u,pati n.lipoprotein(a),atheros

18、clerosis,and apoli-poprotein(a)gepolymorphism j。mol genet metab,2000;71(1-2):87-92.5campbell rb,sinclair da,couling m,brock hw.genetic in-teractions and dosage effects of polycomb group genes of drosophila j。mol gen genet,1995;246:291-300.6cheng nn,sinclair da,campbell rb,brock hw.interactions of pl

19、yhomeotic with polycomb group genes of drosophila melanogaster j。genetics,1994;138:1151-1162.7qin hy,shu q,liu sy,ma qf.relationship betqeen rb1.20vntr polymorphism and esophageal cancer susceptibility in shaanxi population j。di-si junyi daxue xuebao(j fourth mil med univ),2000;21(2):135-137.8 casso

20、n ag.molecular biology of baretts esophagus and esophageal cancer:role of p53j。world j gastroenterol,1998;4:277-279.9meltzer sj,yin j,huang y,mcdaniel tk,newkirk c,iseli o,wogelstein b,resar jh.reduction to homozygosity invol-ving p53in the esophageal cancers demonstrated by the poly-merase chain re

21、action j。proc natl acad sci usa,1991;88:4976-4980.10cho kr,dloner jd,simons jw,hedrick l,fearon er,preilinger ac,hedge p,silverman ga,ogelstein b.the dcc gene:structural analysis and mutation in colorectal carcinomas j。genomics,1994;19:525-531.11aoyama n,minami r,fujimori t,maeda s.structure and fun

22、ction of dcc(deleted in colorectal cancer)gene and its pro-duct j。nippon rinsho,1996;54:972-980.12fearon er,cho kr,nigro jm,kern se,simons j,kinzler kw,vogelstein b.identification of a chromosome18q that is altered in colorectal cancers j。science(washington dc),1998;247:49-56.13yokota j,sugimura t.m

23、ultiple steps in carcinogenesis invol-ving alterations of multiple tumor suppressor genes j。faseb j,1993;7:920-925.14thompson am,morris rg,wallace m,wyllie ah,steel cm,carter dc.allele loss from5q21(apc/mcc)and18q21(dcc)and dcc mrna expression in breast cancer j。br j cancer,1993;68:64-68.15cawkwell

24、l,lewis fa,quirke p.frequency of allele loss of dcc p53,rb1,wt1,nf1,nm23and apc/mcc in colorectal cancer assayed by fluorescent multiplex pcr j。br j cancer,1994;70:813-818.16hohne mw,halatsch me,kahl gf,weinel rj.frequent loss of expression of the potential tumor suppressor gene dcc in ductal pancre

25、atic adenocarcinoma j。cancer res,1992;52:3801-3804.17devilee p,van vliet m,kuipers dn,pearson pl,cornelisse cj.somatic genetic changes on chromosome18in breast carci-nomas:is the dcc gene involved j?oncogene,1991;6:311-315.18miyake k,inokuchi k,dan k,nomura t.alterations in the deleted is colorectal

26、 carcinoma gene in human primary leukemia j。blood,1993;82:927-930.19porfiri e,secker wl,hoffbrand av,hancock jf.dcc tumor suppressor gene is inactivated in hematologic malignancies sho-wing monosomy18j。blood,1993;81:2696-2701.c29c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91fe4ced1

27、b6c8795ad29c91afedd1b6c87d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91af95ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795a1afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91afc91fe4ced1d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6cd1

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30、5ad9c91afed1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1d91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91afc91fe4ced1d1b6c871afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91afc91fe4ced1d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6cd1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4

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32、9c91afb6c8795ad29c91afd1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8791afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91afc91fe4ced1d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6cd1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c87

33、95ad29c91af8795ad9c91fe4ced1d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c87d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91af5d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91afad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91afb6c8795ad29c91afb6c8795ad29c91afd1b6c87

34、95ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91affe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91afc8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91afd1b6c8795ad9c91afed1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8d1b6c8795

35、ad9c91afe4ced15ad9c91d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91affe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91afc8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91afd1b6c8795ad9c91afed1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced195ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6cd1b6c8795ad9c91afe4

36、ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91af8795ad9c91fe4ced1d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c87d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91af5d1b6c8795ad9c91afe4ced1b6c8795ad91afe4ced1b6c8795ad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91afad9c91fe4ced1b6c8795ad29c91afb6c8795ad29c91afb6c8795ad29c91afd1b6c8795

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