基于單片機(jī)Amega16 avr數(shù)控直流電源的設(shè)計(jì)

1、數(shù)控直流穩(wěn)壓電源design of numerical control d.c stabilized source based on scm目錄設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)與要求1摘要2一、方案論證與比較31.1控制器部分31.2 按鍵控制模塊31.3顯示部分3二、系統(tǒng)的具體設(shè)計(jì)及實(shí)現(xiàn)42.1系統(tǒng)總框圖42.2硬件設(shè)計(jì)42.3 128*64液晶屏顯示設(shè)計(jì)5數(shù)控直流穩(wěn)壓電源論文設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)與要求一、 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)并制作一個(gè)直流可調(diào)穩(wěn)壓電源。二、 設(shè)計(jì)要求1、基本要求：1) 當(dāng)輸入交流電壓為220v10%時(shí)，輸出電壓在0-13v可調(diào)；2) 額定電流為1a，且紋波不大于1mv；3) 使用按鍵設(shè)定電壓，同時(shí)具有常用電平快速切

2、換功能（3v、5v、6v、9v、12v），設(shè)定后按鍵可鎖定，防止誤觸；4) 掉電后可記憶上次的設(shè)定值；5) 顯示設(shè)定電壓和測(cè)量電壓、電流，顯示精度為0.01v。6) 兩級(jí)過(guò)流保護(hù)功能，當(dāng)電流超過(guò)額定值的20%達(dá)5秒時(shí)，電路作斷開(kāi)操作；當(dāng)電流超過(guò)額定值的50%時(shí)，電路立即斷開(kāi)。具有聲音和光提示；。摘要在現(xiàn)代家庭中各種電器的不斷出現(xiàn)，并要求著各種不同值的電源出現(xiàn)，使得家庭購(gòu)買不同值得電源。數(shù)字化的也更加貼近人們的生活，因?yàn)樗拥闹庇^，易被接受，大家都開(kāi)始追求數(shù)字化的各類電子產(chǎn)品。數(shù)控直流電源有著直觀，易操作，各種電壓集一身， 輸出精度和穩(wěn)定性都較高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，所以越來(lái)越受廣大人們的喜愛(ài)。以后家里的電

3、視遙控，電動(dòng)玩具等都可以共用一個(gè)電源。本系統(tǒng)以 amega16 avr單片機(jī)作為系統(tǒng)的核心，由d/a數(shù)字模擬轉(zhuǎn)換模塊、按鍵、12864液晶顯示模塊、at24c02等模塊組成一個(gè)數(shù)控電源。該系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了 輸出電壓：范圍 0 13 .0 v，紋波不大于10mv；輸出電流：1a；輸出電壓值由12864液晶顯示；由“”、“”四個(gè)按鍵控制輸出電壓不同大小的步進(jìn)增減 。同時(shí)具有常用電平快速切換功能（3v、5v、6v、9v、12v），設(shè)定后按鍵可鎖定，防止誤觸；掉電后可記憶上次的設(shè)定值。 關(guān)鍵詞： mega16 單片機(jī), 數(shù)控電源, d/a, a/d直流電源、lcd12864、at24c02、鎖定、電壓放大s

4、ummary：in the modern family of the various appliances, and asked for a different value power, the family is the power to buy different. the digital has become even more to the peoples life, for it is more intuitive and easy to be accepted, everybody began to pursue the digital of electronic products

5、. numerical dc power supply is intuitive and easy operation, the voltage is set, the output of precision and stability are higher, so it is becoming more and more extensive of the house.from now on, the tv remote control, electric toy all can share a power.the system for amega16 avr monolithic integ

6、rated circuit is the core of a system, the d a digital simulation exercise, buttons, 12864 lcd display, such as a numerical at24c02 composed of modules. the system power to output voltages ： range of 013. 0 0 v, of waves, not greater than 10mv ； output current ： 1a ； output value by 12864 lcd displa

7、y ； by and four key control output voltage with the size of the step into the decrease. it can used a level rapidly function （ 3v, 5v, 6v, 9v, 12v ）, and presses are lockable to prevent touch their combs. also it memories set value last time. keyword：mega16, monolithic integrated circuits, and d a,

8、a dc power and spells lcd12864, at24c02, lock, voltage enlarged一、方案論證與比較1.1控制器部分方案一：采用at89s52單片機(jī)作為主控芯片。優(yōu)點(diǎn)：at89s52作為一種比較成熟的單片機(jī)型號(hào)，廣范應(yīng)用于各領(lǐng)域技術(shù)比較熟練，價(jià)格相對(duì)便宜。缺點(diǎn)：其驅(qū)動(dòng)能力不強(qiáng)方案二：采用amega16單片機(jī)作為主控芯片。優(yōu)點(diǎn)：avr是51的升級(jí)版。amega16單片機(jī)功能強(qiáng)、高速度是其主要的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，內(nèi)部集成了較多的中斷源和定時(shí)器資源及eeprom的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，多種模式的pwm波形輸出，很好地滿足了本系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的要求。缺點(diǎn)：價(jià)格較at89s52單片機(jī)高。考慮到以

9、上兩種方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，因本系統(tǒng)對(duì)單片機(jī)內(nèi)部硬件資源的要求比較高，需要采用高速和功能強(qiáng)大的單片機(jī)型號(hào)。經(jīng)比較，我們采用了方案二。1.2 按鍵控制模塊方案一：采用矩陣鍵盤(pán)，由于按鍵多可實(shí)現(xiàn)電壓值的直接鍵入。方案二：采用一般的電平判鍵按鈕，實(shí)現(xiàn)方法很簡(jiǎn)單，但一個(gè)端口最多只實(shí)現(xiàn)8個(gè)按鍵。由于本數(shù)控電源設(shè)置需要用的按鍵功能多，故采用方案一。1.3顯示部分方案一 使用lcd1602液晶顯示。優(yōu)點(diǎn)：介格便宜；操作簡(jiǎn)單，帶中文字庫(kù)，使用方便。缺點(diǎn)：顯示的內(nèi)容少（16格*2行），方案二 應(yīng)用128*64液晶顯示模塊。128*64液晶可視面積大，介面美觀，抗干擾能力強(qiáng)，調(diào)用方便簡(jiǎn)單，而且可以節(jié)省軟件中斷資源，應(yīng)用串

10、行連接，節(jié)省i/o口資源。對(duì)圖形和曲線的顯示實(shí)現(xiàn)起來(lái)比較簡(jiǎn)單，自帶中文字庫(kù)，顯示信息量大。方案三 使用led燈顯示 優(yōu)點(diǎn)：操作簡(jiǎn)單 缺點(diǎn)：信息顯示不直觀通過(guò)比較，并結(jié)合本系統(tǒng)要顯示是內(nèi)容較多的要求，我們選節(jié)方案二。二、系統(tǒng)的具體設(shè)計(jì)及實(shí)現(xiàn)2.1系統(tǒng)總框圖主控芯片板電壓輸出amega16 單片機(jī)lm324電壓放大 led、蜂鳴器工作狀態(tài)提醒a(bǔ)t24c02數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)12864液晶模塊鍵盤(pán)模塊ad558電流采樣220整流濾波經(jīng)7805轉(zhuǎn)換供電圖2-1、系統(tǒng)主控芯片板總框圖2.2硬件設(shè)計(jì)2.3 128*64液晶屏顯示設(shè)計(jì)本系統(tǒng)采用128*64中文液晶模塊作為顯示部分，能夠顯示漢字和字符，只要把需要顯示的

11、內(nèi)容發(fā)給液晶模塊，其便會(huì)自動(dòng)顯示，不時(shí)要定時(shí)掃描。為了節(jié)省io口資源，液晶模塊和單片機(jī)的連聯(lián)采用串行接口，只占用三個(gè)io口，連接圖如下圖2-3.1所示。 圖2-3.1 128*64液晶連接圖3.8整板電路硬件設(shè)計(jì)原理圖完整的系統(tǒng)源代碼#include #include #define uchar unsigned char#define uint unsigned intuint mega16_ad0() uint addata; ddra&=bit(pa0); porta&=bit(pa0); admux=0; adcsr=0x80; adcsr|=bit(adsc); while(!(ad

12、csr&(bit(adif); addata=adcl; addata=addata+adch*256; return addata;#include#include#define uchar unsigned char#define uint unsigned int#define date_ddr ddrb#define date_port portb#define date_pin pinb#define cs_h date_port|=bit(2)#define cs_l date_port&=bit(2)#definesclk_hdate_port|=bit(4)#definescl

13、k_l date_port&=bit(4)#definestd_hdate_port|=bit(3)#definestd_l date_port&=bit(3)/cs(rs) sclk(e) std(r/w)#definestd_out date_ddr|=bit(3)#definestd_in date_ddr&=bit(3)#definestd_in_date (date_pin&0x08)3/date_pin&0x08pb3std/#define rst_set date_port|=bit(4)/#define rst_clear date_port&=bit(4)#define ps

14、b_set date_port&=bit(5)#define date_ddr_out date_ddr|=0xe0extern delay(uint); /* * */unsigned char _flash ac_table=0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x88,0x89,0x8a,0x8b,0x8c,0x8d,0x8e,0x8f,0x98,0x99,0x9a,0x9b,0x9c,0x9d,0x9e,0x9f, ; /* */_flash unsigned c

15、har bmp8=/*- c:userscanwei luodesktop-1.bmp -*/*- x=128x64 -*/0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0

16、0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7f,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0

17、0,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x4f,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xf9,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0

18、0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x0

19、0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x0

20、0,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0

21、0,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0

22、0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x0

23、0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x0

24、0,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0

25、0,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0

26、0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x0

27、0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x00,0x00,0x4f,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xf9,0x0

28、0,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x47,0xff,0xf8,0x1f,0xff,0xe0,0x3f,0xff,0xc1,0xff,0xfe,0x0f,0xff,0xf1,0x00,0x00,0x44,0x00,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x41,0x00,0x0

29、2,0x08,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x00,0x44,0x00,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x41,0x00,0x02,0x08,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x00,0x44,0x00,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x41,0x00,0x02,0x08,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x00,0x44,0x00,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x41,0x00,0x02,0x08,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x00,0x44,0x00,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x2

30、0,0x00,0x41,0x00,0x02,0x08,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x00,0x47,0xff,0xf8,0x1f,0xff,0xe0,0x3f,0xff,0xc1,0xff,0xfe,0x0f,0xff,0xf1,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x7f,0xff,0xf

31、f,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0

32、0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00;void delayms(unsigned int t)unsigned int i;unsigned char j;for(i=0;it;i+)for(j=0;j300;j+)nop();/*:sendbyte():unsigned char dbyte:12864 :dbyte12864 */void sendbyte(unsigned char dbyte)unsigned char i;std_out; /for(i=0;i

33、8;i+)sclk_l;nop();nop(); if(dbyte&0x80) std_h;/1 else std_l;/0 sclk_h;nop();nop();sclk_l;dbyte=dbyte1;/8/* : receivebyte:12864 : */unsigned char receivebyte(void)unsigned char i,temp1,temp2;temp1=temp2=0;std_in; /for(i=0;i8;i+)temp1=temp11;sclk_l;nop();nop();sclk_h;nop();nop(); sclk_l;if(std_in_date

34、) temp1+;/std1for(i=0;i8;i+)temp2=temp2mcudo sendbyte(0xfc); /? /1111 1100,rw(1),rs(0),0while(0x80&receivebyte();/rs=0/* : writecommand: unsigned char cbyte : : cbyte */void writecommand( unsigned char cbyte )cs_h;checkbusy();sendbyte(0xf8);/11111 00 0,rw(0),rs(0),0delayms(10);sendbyte(0xf0&cbyte);/

35、4delayms(10);sendbyte(0xf0&cbyte4);/cs_l;/* */void writedata( unsigned char dbyte )cs_h;checkbusy();sendbyte(0xfa); /11111 01 0,rw(0),rs(1),0delayms(10);sendbyte(0xf0&dbyte);delayms(10);sendbyte(0xf0&dbyte4);cs_l;/* */void putchar(unsigned char row,unsigned char col,unsigned char puts) writecommand(

36、0x30);/0x34writecommand(ac_table8*row+col);writedata(puts);/1void putstr(unsigned char row,unsigned char col,unsigned char *puts) writecommand(0x30);/0x34writecommand(ac_table8*row+col);while(*puts != 0)if(col=8)/col=0;row+;if(row=4)/row=0;writecommand(ac_table8*row+col);writedata(*puts);/1puts+;/1i

37、f(*puts != 0)writedata(*puts);puts+;/1col+;/1 /* */void putnum(uchar row,uchar col,uchar number)putchar(row,col,number+48); /,0-9ascii48-57/void put2num(uchar row,uchar col,uchar number)putnum(row,col,number/10); /putnum(row,col+1,number%10); /void put4num(uchar row,uchar col,uint number)putnum(row,

38、col,number/1000); /putnum(row,col+1,number/100%10); /putnum(row,col+2,number/10%10); /putnum(row,col+3,number %10); /22void putfloat1(uchar row,uchar col,float number) uchar shi,ge,shif,baif;shi=(uint)number)/10;ge=(uint)number)%10;shif=(uchar)(uint)(number*10)%10);baif=(uchar)(uint)(number*100)%10)

39、;if(shi=0)putchar(row,col, );else putnum(row,col,shi);putnum(row,col+1,ge);putchar(row,col+2,.);putnum(row,col+3,shif);putnum(row,col+4,baif);/13void putfloat2(uchar row,uchar col,float number) uchar ge,shif,baif,qianf;ge=(uint)number)%10;shif=(uchar)(uint)(number*10)%10);baif=(uchar)(uint)(number*1

40、00)%10);qianf=(uchar)(uint)(number*1000)%10);putnum(row,col,ge);putchar(row,col+1,.);putnum(row,col+2,shif);putnum(row,col+3,baif);putnum(row,col+4,qianf);/* */void location_xy_12864(unsigned char x,unsigned char y)switch(x)case 0:x=0x80;break;case 1:x=0x90;break;case 2:x=0x88;break;case 3:x=0x98;break;default:x=0x80;y=y&0x07;writecommand(0x30);writecommand(y+x);writecommand(y+x);/?/* */void lcmcleartxt( void )unsigned char i;writecommand(0x30);/writecommand(0x80);/ddramac80for(i=0;i64;i+) / 0x206416