(高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)市級公開課)現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞區(qū)別

1、2021/3/111 -by Xu Wen yanSuzhou No.5 High School2021/3/112 By the end of this lesson, we should be able to have a good command of the difference between present participle and past participle how to solve non-predicate problems2021/3/1131.老師進了實驗室，后面跟著一些學(xué)生。老師進了實驗室，后面跟著一些學(xué)生。 (伴隨狀語伴隨狀語)A. The teacher e

2、ntered the lab, following some students.(楊同學(xué)）楊同學(xué)）B. The teacher coming into the lab, a group of students followed. (施同學(xué)）施同學(xué)）2021/3/1142.盡管受到了父母的鼓勵，他仍然沒有信心克服盡管受到了父母的鼓勵，他仍然沒有信心克服 困難。（省略困難。（省略although, though，讓步狀語），讓步狀語） Get the encouragement from parents, he still have no confidence to overcome the di

3、fficulties. (湯同學(xué)）湯同學(xué)）B. He has no confidence to solve problems, been encouraged by parents.(楊同學(xué)）楊同學(xué)）2021/3/1153.他們切斷了電源，及時阻止了一場火災(zāi)。他們切斷了電源，及時阻止了一場火災(zāi)。（結(jié)果狀語）（結(jié)果狀語） They cut off electricity to stop a fire in time.(秦同學(xué)）秦同學(xué)）2021/3/116非謂語Infinitive 不定式不定式 (to) do Participle分詞分詞Gerund 動名詞（動名詞（-ing)a swimmin

4、g pool過去分詞過去分詞(-ed)Past particle現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing)Present participlea swimming boy非謂語動詞分類動詞動詞-ing形式形式2021/3/117非謂語動詞的句法功能非謂語動詞的句法功能不不定定式式主主語語賓賓語語表表語語賓賓補補定定語語狀狀語語動動名名詞詞主主語語賓賓語語表表語語定定語語分分詞詞表語表語賓補賓補定語定語狀語狀語2021/3/118現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別非謂語動詞復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動詞復(fù)習(xí)2021/3/1191、作定語時、作定語時單個的分詞作定語時一般前置（位于被修單個的分詞作定語時一般前置

5、（位于被修飾的詞之前），分詞短語作定語時后置。飾的詞之前），分詞短語作定語時后置。Do you know the crying boy?We are trying our best to catch up with the developed country.Do you know the boy crying under the tree?The students are discussing a book written by LuXun.2021/3/11101、作定語時、作定語時 The meeting is very important.2.Tell the children not

6、 to make so much noise.被動關(guān)系被動關(guān)系主動關(guān)系主動關(guān)系2021/3/1111Whats the difference between -ing and ed form used as an attribute? 2021/3/1112現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示動作現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示動作正在發(fā)生正在發(fā)生或與謂或與謂語動作同時（或基本同時）發(fā)生，與所語動作同時（或基本同時）發(fā)生，與所修飾的詞是修飾的詞是主動關(guān)系或主謂關(guān)系主動關(guān)系或主謂關(guān)系及物動詞的過去分詞作定語表及物動詞的過去分詞作定語表完成或被動完成或被動的動作，與所修飾的詞是的動作，與所修飾的詞是被動關(guān)系或動被動關(guān)系或動賓關(guān)系

7、賓關(guān)系；不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語；不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語只表完成不表被動只表完成不表被動的動作。的動作。a retired worker 退休工人退休工人2021/3/1113 There is a note pinned to the door_ when the shop will open again. (2014山東，山東，6） A. saying B. says C. said D. having said2. Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _ to guard

8、 her.（2014浙江，浙江，14） A. to appoint B. appointing C. appointed D. having appointed2021/3/11142、作表語時（跟在系動詞后）、作表語時（跟在系動詞后）現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在分詞多表示主語所具有的分詞多表示主語所具有的特征特征或或?qū)傩詫傩?；過去過去分分詞多表示主語所處的詞多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)狀態(tài)。現(xiàn)在分詞表示?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示“令人令人的的”，過去分詞表示，過去分詞表示“感到感到”. .常見的分詞有：常見的分詞有：amazed / amazing, excited / exciting, bored / boring, anno

9、yed / annoying, interested / interesting, tired / tiring, surprised / surprising, worried/ worrying , satisfied / satisfying, amused / amusing2021/3/11151. The news was_. (excite)2. He appeared _with my answer. (satisfy)3. From his _ voice on the phone I know everything is going under way. (satisfy)

10、excitingsatisfiedsatisfied2021/3/1116In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained _abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.(2010福建，福建，34）Asticking BstuckCto be stuck Dto have stuck 2021/3/11173、作賓語補足語時、作賓語補足語時取決于分詞與賓語的關(guān)系：取決于分詞與賓語的關(guān)系：主動主動關(guān)系，用關(guān)系，用doing被動被動關(guān)系，用關(guān)系，用done。 例如例如1.I found them painting the win

11、dows. 2. I found the windows painted. 主動關(guān)系主動關(guān)系被動關(guān)系被動關(guān)系（現(xiàn)在分詞表（現(xiàn)在分詞表主動、進行主動、進行）（過去分詞表（過去分詞表被動、完成被動、完成）2021/3/11181. The manager was satisfied to see many new products _ after great effort. （2014四川四川5) A. having developed B. to develop C. developed D. develop2. I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way

12、 up the tree to catch its breakfast. (2012四四川川,8) Ato wind Bwind Cwinding Dwound 2021/3/11194、作狀語時、作狀語時Seen from the moon, the earth looks like a blue ball.Seeing nobody at home , he left.被動關(guān)系被動關(guān)系主動關(guān)系分詞的選取分詞的選?。喝Q于分詞與句子主語的關(guān)系：取決于分詞與句子主語的關(guān)系：主動關(guān)系主動關(guān)系，用，用 doing 被動關(guān)系被動關(guān)系，用，用 done2021/3/11201. Anyone , on

13、ce _ positive for H7N9 flu virus , will receive medical treatment from our government. (2013福建，福建，32） A. to be tested B. being tested C .tested D. to test2. _ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. (2012 江蘇江蘇,31)A. Base B. Based C. Basing D. To base

14、 2021/3/11211._ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks .(2014 廣東廣東)A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed 注意1).現(xiàn)在分詞的現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式一般式與與完成式完成式：一般式一般式：doing 表示非謂語動作與謂語動作幾乎同時發(fā)生。表示非謂語動作與謂語動作幾乎同時發(fā)生。完成式完成式：having done 表示非謂語動作與謂語動作有著先后順序表示非謂語動作與謂語

15、動作有著先后順序 。2021/3/1122 _nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel. (2014江西，江西，31） Having spent B. To spent C. Spent D. To have spent 2021/3/1123練習(xí)練習(xí)1.Watching television ,_ .(05 全國全國) A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell ri

16、ngs2).分詞作狀語的基本原則：分詞作狀語的基本原則： 分詞作狀語時，分詞作狀語時， 分詞的分詞的邏輯主語邏輯主語必須與句子的主語必須與句子的主語保持一保持一致致。當非謂語動作的主語不是句子的主語時，必須加上其。當非謂語動作的主語不是句子的主語時，必須加上其自己的邏輯主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)成為自己的邏輯主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)成為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 2021/3/1124The lecture _, a lively question-and-answer session followed. (2014江蘇，江蘇，29） A. being given B. having given C. to be

17、given D. having been given2021/3/11253）獨立成分作狀語）獨立成分作狀語有些分詞作狀語時，其形式的選用不受上下文的影響，稱作獨立成分或插有些分詞作狀語時，其形式的選用不受上下文的影響，稱作獨立成分或插入語。常見的有：入語。常見的有：generally / frankly/ strictly speaking 一般而言一般而言/坦率地說坦率地說/ 嚴格地說嚴格地說judging from /by 根據(jù)根據(jù)來判斷來判斷considering / taking into consideration考慮到考慮到；鑒于；鑒于supposing / providing

18、/provided that 如果如果compared with/to 與與相比相比 例如例如 Judging from his accent ,he is from the south . Considering your health , you d better have a rest .2021/3/1126非謂語動詞解題非謂語動詞解題四大步驟四大步驟2021/3/1127二二. 找邏輯主語找邏輯主語三、分析語態(tài)三、分析語態(tài)四、分析時態(tài)四、分析時態(tài)一一. 辨別辨別“謂與非謂謂與非謂” 非謂語動詞解題步驟非謂語動詞解題步驟方法總結(jié)：方法總結(jié)：謂非謂，找主語，析語態(tài)，定時態(tài)謂非謂，找主語，

19、析語態(tài)，定時態(tài)2021/3/1128 _many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been told B. Being told C. He had been told D. Though he was toldC_A注意連詞注意連詞Attention:2021/3/11293.It _ a hot day, wed better go swimming. 4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there. is B. to be C. beingD.It being E. It was F. beenCE注意標點符號注意標點符號2021/3/1130tense:1. The building _now will be a restaurant .2. The building _ next year will be a restaurant .3. The building _last year is a restaurant. having been built B. to be b