U1P3 Language points

1、 Language points課時(shí)是對課時(shí)是對Reading課時(shí)的課時(shí)的補(bǔ)充。幫助學(xué)生鞏固課文重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語和補(bǔ)充。幫助學(xué)生鞏固課文重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語和句型的用法，進(jìn)一步扎實(shí)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。教師可句型的用法，進(jìn)一步扎實(shí)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。教師可根據(jù)學(xué)生預(yù)習(xí)情況選擇性講解。根據(jù)學(xué)生預(yù)習(xí)情況選擇性講解。 （詞匯的釋義和用法，建議引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自行（詞匯的釋義和用法，建議引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自行查找字典等相關(guān)資料來學(xué)習(xí)，以培養(yǎng)其自主查找字典等相關(guān)資料來學(xué)習(xí)，以培養(yǎng)其自主學(xué)習(xí)能力。）學(xué)習(xí)能力。） 詞匯詞匯講解，建議采用歸納法，先盡可能多講解，建議采用歸納法，先盡可能多的呈現(xiàn)一些相關(guān)例句，或讓學(xué)生從已學(xué)課文的呈現(xiàn)一些相關(guān)例句，或讓學(xué)生從已

2、學(xué)課文中查找相應(yīng)例句，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生試著從所觀察到中查找相應(yīng)例句，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生試著從所觀察到的語言現(xiàn)象中總結(jié)出詞匯的意思和用法。的語言現(xiàn)象中總結(jié)出詞匯的意思和用法。To learn some useful words, expressions and patterns in the passageWords: outgoing, absence, adapt, annoy, annoyed, encouragement Expressions:in other words, adapt to, cut out, out of breath, all in all, sit around, as well

3、 as, in many ways, make fun ofPatterns: it is difficult to know , too to 1. in other words換句話說換句話說In other words, wed better change our plan. 換句話說，我們最好改變一下計(jì)劃。換句話說，我們最好改變一下計(jì)劃。In other words, none of us can go to the movie. 換句話說，我們都不能去看電影。換句話說，我們都不能去看電影。Years of hard work brought great success. In oth

4、er words, no pain, no gain.多年的努力取得了巨大的成功。換句話說，多年的努力取得了巨大的成功。換句話說，一份耕耘，一份收獲。一份耕耘，一份收獲。詞義辨析：詞義辨析：in other words, in a word, in word, in words辨析辨析 in other words相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于that is, that is to say，意思是，意思是“換句話說、也就是說換句話說、也就是說”。What he said is doubtful. In other words, we dont believe his words.in a word = in o

5、ne word = in short，意為，意為“總之，總而言之，一句話總之，總而言之，一句話”。In a word, the situation is getting better and better.in word意為意為“口頭上口頭上”，相當(dāng)于，相當(dāng)于with words, 即：即：in speech only，與，與in deed相對。相對。I dont want you simply to promise me in word that you will be good.in words指用文字、語言表示，它不和行指用文字、語言表示，它不和行動(dòng)相對，僅涉及語言文字本身。動(dòng)相對，僅涉

6、及語言文字本身。I can hardly describe the beauty of the scene in words. Your performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard _, you failed.2. He is a friend _ only.3. Can you express what you are feeling _?4. _, the future of the world is bright.5. He found his first job. _, he neednt depe

7、nd on his father any more.Fill in the blanks by using in other words, in a word, in word, in words.In other wordsin other wordsin wordin wordsIn a wordI dont have money or time. _, Icant accompany you to buy a camerathis afternoon.A. With a word B. In other wordsC. In words D. Word for wordChoose th

8、e best answer.2. adapt(1) (使使) 適應(yīng)，適應(yīng)，(使使) 適合適合He couldnt adapt his way of life tothe company.他的生活方式無法適應(yīng)公司他的生活方式無法適應(yīng)公司(的要求的要求)。The children found it hard to adapt to their new school. 孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難適應(yīng)新學(xué)校孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難適應(yīng)新學(xué)校(的生活的生活)。(2) 改造，修改，改編改造，修改，改編The materials can be adapted for usewith older children. 這些布料可以修

9、改一下用在大一點(diǎn)的孩這些布料可以修改一下用在大一點(diǎn)的孩子身上。子身上。Its hard to adapt the story for the film.要把這故事改編成電影很難。要把這故事改編成電影很難。(3) adapt (oneself) to 適應(yīng)適應(yīng) be well adapted to 非常適應(yīng)非常適應(yīng)He is quick to adapt (himself) to newcircumstances.他適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境很快。他適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境很快。These flowers are well adapted to the conditions of rooms.這些花非常適應(yīng)室內(nèi)的環(huán)境。這

10、些花非常適應(yīng)室內(nèi)的環(huán)境。 詞義辨析：詞義辨析：adapt, adjust, fit, suit, match adapt: 指修改或改變以適應(yīng)新條件指修改或改變以適應(yīng)新條件 adjust: 多指多指“調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)”使之適應(yīng)使之適應(yīng) fit: 多指多指“大小適合大小適合”，引申為，引申為“吻合吻合” suit: 多指多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、合乎要求、口味、性格、情況情況” match: 指指“大小、色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì)大小、色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì)”等相配或相稱等相配或相稱 He found _ _ (很難適應(yīng)很難適應(yīng)) the new surroundings in his college l

11、ife.(2) My parents started learning to buy things on the Internet to _ _ (適應(yīng)不斷變化的社會(huì)適應(yīng)不斷變化的社會(huì)).Translation. it very difficult to adapt himself to adapt themselves to the changing society(3) 他告訴我這本書是針對初學(xué)者的需他告訴我這本書是針對初學(xué)者的需 要而改編的。要而改編的。(4) 他的三部小說被改編成了電視劇。他的三部小說被改編成了電視劇。He told me this book was adapted t

12、o the need of beginners.Three of his novels have been adapted for television.These crops _ well to the warm and damp climate here.A. apply B. adapt C. adopt D. admitChoose the best answer.3. annoy These flies are annoying me. 這些蒼蠅使我煩惱。這些蒼蠅使我煩惱。vt. 使使不悅；惹不悅；惹惱惱What did you do to annoy him this time?你

13、這次又怎么惹惱了他？你這次又怎么惹惱了他？annoyed adj. 頗為生氣的頗為生氣的她似乎被他的話搞得很惱火。她似乎被他的話搞得很惱火。She seemed annoyed by his words.be annoyed with sb. She was annoyed with Mary for forgetting to phone.因?yàn)楝旣愅私o她打電話，她就很生瑪因?yàn)楝旣愅私o她打電話，她就很生瑪麗的氣。麗的氣。因?yàn)槟穷D飯做的不好，所以他對妻子很因?yàn)槟穷D飯做的不好，所以他對妻子很生氣。生氣。He was annoyed with his wife because the dinne

14、r was badly cooked.生某人的氣生某人的氣be annoyed that + clause我惱怒的是他們沒有如期露面。我惱怒的是他們沒有如期露面。 I was annoyed that they hadnt turned up.Tom was annoyed that the book wasmissing.書不見了，湯姆很生氣。書不見了，湯姆很生氣。生生的氣的氣 Tim really _ me in the meeting this morning.2. Im sorry - is my cough _ you?3. It _ me that she just expects

15、 us to help.4. I was so _ with him for turning up late.5. My parents were rather _ (that) I hadnt told them about the accident.Fill in the blanks with the right forms of annoy.annoyedannoyingannoysannoyedannoyed4. make fun of sb. Its cruel to make fun of a blind man. 取笑一個(gè)盲人是殘忍的。取笑一個(gè)盲人是殘忍的。相近短語：相近短語：

16、laugh at sb. 嘲笑，因嘲笑，因.而笑而笑play a joke on sb. 開個(gè)玩笑開個(gè)玩笑tease sb. about sth. 戲弄某人戲弄某人 取笑某人取笑某人Nobody wants to _ especially in public.A. make fun of B. be made fun of C. making fun of D. made fun of - Ben looks so sad! - He _ in the school _ his haircut. was made fun of, because B. was made fun of, beca

17、use of C. made fun of, because D. made fun of, because ofChoose the best answer.課文難句精析課文難句精析1. Unfortunately, the doctors dont know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. 不幸的是，大夫們不知道如何治好我的不幸的是，大夫們不知道如何治好我的 病，但是我很開朗樂觀，學(xué)會(huì)了適應(yīng)身病，但是我很開朗樂觀，學(xué)會(huì)了適應(yīng)身 體的殘疾。體的殘

18、疾。此句是一個(gè)并列句，由此句是一個(gè)并列句，由but連接兩個(gè)并列連接兩個(gè)并列分句，句中的分句，句中的“how to make me better”作作know的賓語。其中的賓語。其中“疑問詞疑問詞to do (sth.)”結(jié)構(gòu)可由結(jié)構(gòu)可由“疑問詞從句疑問詞從句”演變而來。如：演變而來。如：We dont know what we should do next. We dont know what to do next.注意：注意：“疑問詞從句疑問詞從句”能簡化成能簡化成“疑問疑問詞詞to do (sth.)”結(jié)構(gòu)的前提是：從句表示結(jié)構(gòu)的前提是：從句表示的是將要發(fā)生的事情。的是將要發(fā)生的事情。【拓

19、展】【拓展】“疑問詞疑問詞to do (sth.)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可這一結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作多種成分，如主語、賓語和表語。如：作多種成分，如主語、賓語和表語。如：Where to hold the meeting is not known yet. (作主語作主語)I have no idea of how to carry out the plan. (作賓語作賓語)The problem is who/ whom to ask for help.(作表語作表語) 你有沒有定了在哪里舉辦你的生日聚你有沒有定了在哪里舉辦你的生日聚 會(huì)？會(huì)？ Have you decided _ _?(2) 問題是該

20、借誰的自行車問題是該借誰的自行車湯姆的還是湯姆的還是 杰克的。杰克的。 The question is _ Toms or Jacks. where to hold your birthday partywhose bike to borrowTranslation.2. Then I started to get weaker and weaker, until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium. 后來，我的身體開始變得越來越虛弱，后來，我的身體開始變得越來越虛弱， 直到只能坐在體育館的長凳上欣賞足球直到只能坐在體

21、育館的長凳上欣賞足球 了。了。 這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。句中這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。句中until意為意為“直直 到到時(shí)時(shí)(為止為止)”，作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀，作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀 語從句。語從句?！就卣埂俊就卣埂?until除了用作連詞外，還可以用作介詞。除了用作連詞外，還可以用作介詞。當(dāng)句子為肯定句時(shí)，介詞當(dāng)句子為肯定句時(shí)，介詞until表示謂語動(dòng)表示謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到詞所表示的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到until短語所表短語所表示的時(shí)間為止。示的時(shí)間為止。until用作連詞時(shí)，則表示用作連詞時(shí)，則表示主句謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到從主句謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到從句謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生或狀態(tài)出現(xiàn)

22、句謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生或狀態(tài)出現(xiàn)時(shí)為止。一般可譯為時(shí)為止。一般可譯為“一直到一直到時(shí)時(shí)(為止為止)”。例如例如: She slept until nine. = She stopped sleeping at nine.但是，當(dāng)主句為否定句時(shí)，用作連詞的但是，當(dāng)主句為否定句時(shí)，用作連詞的until則表示主句謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作在則表示主句謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作在從句謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生之后才開從句謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生之后才開始。始。until用作介詞時(shí)，也具有類似的意義。用作介詞時(shí)，也具有類似的意義。這種用法的這種用法的until可根據(jù)情況譯為可根據(jù)情況譯為 “直直到到之前之前(尚未

23、尚未)”或或“直到直到才才 ”。例如：。例如： She didnt sleep until nine. = She started sleeping at nine.“You cant have this football back _ you promise not to kick it at my cat again,” the old man said firmly. A. because B. since C. when D. untilChoose the best answer.3. Even after all that, no one could give my disease

24、 a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds. 即使做過了所有這些檢查，也沒有人能即使做過了所有這些檢查，也沒有人能 夠確診這個(gè)病。因此，很難知道將來會(huì)夠確診這個(gè)病。因此，很難知道將來會(huì) 是什么樣子。是什么樣子。 此句是一個(gè)并列句，由此句是一個(gè)并列句，由and連接兩個(gè)并連接兩個(gè)并 列分句。第二個(gè)分句中的列分句。第二個(gè)分句中的it是形式主語，是形式主語， 真正的主語是后面的不定式真正的主語是后面的不定式“to know what the future holds”。本句中出現(xiàn)了。本句中出現(xiàn)了“It + be + adj. +

25、for sb. + to do sth.” 句型。句型?！癐t + be + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.”句型中句型中的形容詞通常是表示事物的特點(diǎn)或特征的形容詞通常是表示事物的特點(diǎn)或特征的，如：的，如：difficult, hard, easy, impossible, necessary, important等。如：等。如：Its very dangerous for children to cross thebusy street.“It + be + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.”句型句型中的形容詞常表示人的性格特征或特點(diǎn)，如：中的形容

26、詞常表示人的性格特征或特點(diǎn)，如：nice, good, bad, kind, silly, foolish, wise, clever, careless, rude, brave, cruel等。如：等。如：It is foolish of you to give up such a good chance.1. 你真聰明，解出了這道數(shù)學(xué)題。你真聰明，解出了這道數(shù)學(xué)題。2. 對我們來說，很難在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)完對我們來說，很難在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)完 成這項(xiàng)工作。成這項(xiàng)工作。Its very clever of you to work out the math problem.Its very diff

27、icult for us to finish the work within the given time.Translation.4. Sometimes, too, I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered. 有時(shí)我也因?yàn)樯眢w太虛弱不能去上學(xué)，有時(shí)我也因?yàn)樯眢w太虛弱不能去上學(xué)， 所以教育受到影響所以教育受到影響(落了許多功課落了許多功課)。在這里在這里“too to ”意為意為“太太而不而不能能”，可用，可用be not enough to .及及 so that 來改寫。來改寫。句中句中suffer意為意為“變壞、變差

28、、變糟變壞、變差、變糟”。例如：例如：Your studies will suffer if you play too much basketball.【拓展】【拓展】 當(dāng)當(dāng)all too, but too, only too, quite too與動(dòng)與動(dòng)詞不定式連用時(shí)，就沒有否定意義了。詞不定式連用時(shí)，就沒有否定意義了。例如：例如：Im only too delighted to accept your kindinvitation.I am _ busy getting ready for Christmas _ write to you. not; until B. too; to A.

29、C. either; or D. neither; norChoose the best answer.Tips for teacherLet the word fly 板塊是幫助學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)一板塊是幫助學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)一些一詞多義、熟詞生義的詞匯。通過此些一詞多義、熟詞生義的詞匯。通過此環(huán)節(jié)，學(xué)生可以對一些常見詞的用法、環(huán)節(jié)，學(xué)生可以對一些常見詞的用法、意思有一個(gè)全面的了解。在翻譯過程中意思有一個(gè)全面的了解。在翻譯過程中體會(huì)詞匯使用的豐富多彩。體會(huì)詞匯使用的豐富多彩?！皊ay”在英語中是十分常用的單詞，我們在英語中是十分常用的單詞，我們幾乎每天都離不開它，但它與漢語中幾乎每天都離不開它，但它與漢語中“說

30、說”的意思不完全一致，在許多情況的意思不完全一致，在許多情況下有其習(xí)慣用法。例如這一段對話：下有其習(xí)慣用法。例如這一段對話：Never say die. 永不言敗。永不言敗。 The new hat looks so funny! Ill say! 大家一定會(huì)覺得如果照字面意思去理解，大家一定會(huì)覺得如果照字面意思去理解，這句話就說不通了。實(shí)際上，這句話就說不通了。實(shí)際上，“Ill say!”表示同意對方的話，可以翻譯為表示同意對方的話，可以翻譯為“你說的你說的沒錯(cuò)！沒錯(cuò)！/可不是嗎！可不是嗎！/那當(dāng)然！那當(dāng)然！”甚至可以更甚至可以更口語化，翻譯為口語化，翻譯為“你別說，還真是這樣你別說，還真是

31、這樣”。試著翻譯下面的英文，注意單詞試著翻譯下面的英文，注意單詞say的用法。的用法。It is hard to say. 很難很難說說。I cant say. 我不我不知道知道。/不好不好說說。What is the artist trying to say in her work? 那藝術(shù)家在她的作品中想那藝術(shù)家在她的作品中想表達(dá)表達(dá)什么？什么？Lets say you miss the train, what do you plan to do? 假定假定你趕不上火車你趕不上火車, 你準(zhǔn)備怎么辦？你準(zhǔn)備怎么辦？say v.Dont interrupt her. Let her have

32、her say. The father had the final say.父親有最后的父親有最后的決定權(quán)決定權(quán)。 別打斷她的話，讓她把別打斷她的話，讓她把意見意見說出來。說出來。Easier said than done. 諺諺說起來說起來容易做起來難。容易做起來難。say n.It is said that there has been a serious earthquake there. 據(jù)說據(jù)說那里發(fā)生了一次大地震。那里發(fā)生了一次大地震?；顚W(xué)活用活學(xué)活用從上面給出的例句中我們可以看到從上面給出的例句中我們可以看到say的含義很豐富，不僅僅表示一般的含義很豐富，不僅僅表示一般的的“說說

33、”。大家還知道哪些與。大家還知道哪些與say相相關(guān)的口語表達(dá)或短語呢？請選擇幾關(guān)的口語表達(dá)或短語呢？請選擇幾個(gè)個(gè)進(jìn)行造句或?qū)υ捑毩?xí)。進(jìn)行造句或?qū)υ捑毩?xí)。I. Complete the following sentences with proper words.1. The polar bears look very c_ on land, but when they are in water, they become quick.2. Please look after my house during my _ (不在某處不在某處). 3. Adams was one of my best _

34、 (同伴同伴) when we were children and now he has become a manager.lumsyfellowsabsence4. Im extremely a_ at the way he always stares at me.5. That guy who has _ (結(jié)實(shí)的結(jié)實(shí)的) muscles is a fitness instructor.6. He tried hard to a_ himself to the new conditions. 7. His words were an _ (鼓鼓 勵(lì)勵(lì)) to me. 8. The disabled boy is very o_ and gets along well with everyone in his class.nnoyedfirmdaptencouragementutgoingII. Complete the following sentences without changing their meanings. In a word, the Great Parade on National Day was a great success._ _ _, the Great Parade on National Day was a great success.2