Lesson20Onemaninaboat

1、Less on 20: One man in a boat獨(dú)坐孤舟First liste n and the n an swer the questi on.聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。Why is fish ing the writers favourite sp ort?Fish ing is my favourite sport. I ofte n fish for hourswithout catch ing 1 anything. But this does not worry me. Some fisherme n are uni ucky .In stead of catch in

2、g fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I n ever catch anything - not eve n old boots. After havi ng spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. You must give up fish ing! my friends say. Its a waste of time. But they dont realize one important thin

3、g. Im not really in terested in fish in g. I am only in terested in生詞和短語sitt ing in a boat and doing nothing at all!New words and exp ressi onscatch v.抓到fisherma nn.釣魚人，漁民boot n.靴子waste n.浪費(fèi)realize v.意識至U參考譯文釣魚是我特別喜愛的一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動。我經(jīng)常一釣數(shù)小時卻一無所獲，但我從不為此煩惱。有些垂 釣者就是不走運(yùn)，他們往往魚釣不到，卻釣上來些舊靴子和垃圾。我的運(yùn)氣甚至還不及他們。我什么東西也未釣到過

4、就連舊靴子也沒有。我總是在河上呆上整整一上午，然后空著袋子回家。 你可別再釣魚了！ ”我的朋友們說，這是浪費(fèi)時間?！比欢麄儧]有認(rèn)識到重要的 一點(diǎn)，我并不是真的對釣魚有興趣，我感興趣的只是獨(dú)坐孤舟，無所事事!自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀我經(jīng)常一釣數(shù)小時卻一無所獲。1 . I often fish for hours without catching anything.without通常表示缺乏”沒有”I cant rep air the car without your help.沒有你的幫助我無法修理這車。當(dāng)它位于動名詞前時，它表示不曾” 不”:They tried to leave the restaura

5、nt without paying.他們企圖不付賬就離開餐館。Joh n left the room without tell ing anyone.約翰離開房間時不曾告訴任何人。2 . In stead of catch ing fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. 卻釣上來些舊靴子和垃圾。他們往往魚釣不到,in stead 有作為替代”反而等含義，一般以短語形式in stead of 出現(xiàn):Jack 2 took part in the race in stead of Tony.杰克代替托尼參加了比賽。In stead of sugar, he

6、bought some salt.他沒有買糖，而是買了些鹽。副詞in stead單獨(dú)使用時一般出現(xiàn)在句尾:If you dont want a holiday in En gla nd, why dont you go to Australia in stead?如果你不想在英國度假，那你為什么不去澳大利亞呢？3 . I am even less lucky.less是little的比較級，意為 不及” 不如” 更少”我的運(yùn)氣甚至還不及他們。Tom has got little chocolate, and Jack has got even less.湯姆只有一點(diǎn)兒巧克力，杰克則更少。I s

7、pend less time on En glish tha n on French.我花在英語上的時間比花在法語上的少。（cf.第8課語法）4 . I always go home with an empty bag.with可以表示 有的” 持有的”然后空著袋子回家。隨身帶著”等:Whos the man with the umbrella?那個帶傘的男人是誰？Whos the man with the beard?那個留胡子的男人是誰？Whos the woma n with the little boy?帶著那個小男孩的女人是誰？5 . rm not really interested

8、 in fishing. 表示對我并不是真的對釣魚有興趣。感興趣一般用 be interested in sth. /doing sth.:Tim is only in terested in food.蒂姆只對食物感興趣。rm in terested in collect ing sta mps.我對集郵有興趣。語法 Grammar in use動名詞(The Gerund )( 1 )動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的形式完全一樣，都是由動詞+-ing 構(gòu)成。-ing形式作名詞時稱為動名詞。從廣義上講，動名詞可以代替名詞，盡管它像動詞一樣可帶賓語。像名詞一樣，它可以 作主語:Dancing is fun.

9、 I love it.跳舞有意思，我喜歡跳舞。Walki ng quickly is difficult.走快是很難的。（動名詞+副詞作主語）Wash ing the car makes him dirty.擦洗汽車把他身上弄臟了。（動名詞+賓語作主語）動名詞也可以作賓語或介詞賓語:Mary is keen 3 on cooking.瑪麗熱衷于烹調(diào)。（介詞賓語）Congratulations4 on passing your exams!祝賀你通過考試！可以帶動名詞的介詞通常有before , after , in stead of , without 等。用介詞+動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)可以將兩個短句合為

10、一句話，或者將一個從句變?yōu)閯用~結(jié)構(gòu)。動名詞的否定式是在它 前面直接加not :Tom always kno cks before en teri ng a room.湯姆在走進(jìn)一個房間前總要敲門。He apo logized for not writi ng to you.他為沒給你寫信而表示道歉。動名詞也可以用表示完成時的hav ing + 過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu):You cant leave the restaura nt without havi ng p aid the bill.在沒有付賬之前你不能離開飯店。詞匯學(xué)習(xí)Word study1 . catch vt.（1）捉住，逮住，捕獲:The

11、 p olice have caught the thief.警察已逮住那個小偷。Have you caught any fish today?你今天釣到魚了嗎？（2）抓住，握住:Tom caught the thief by the arm.湯姆抓住小偷的胳膊。Can you catch the ball?你能接住球嗎？(3 )及時趕到，趕上:I want to catch the eight nin etee n(train) to London.我想趕8點(diǎn)19分的火車去倫敦。2 . realize vt.(1 )實(shí)現(xiàn)(希望、目標(biāo)、愿望等)：She has realized her hop

12、e to be an actress.她實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己當(dāng)一名演員的愿望。(2 )使變?yōu)槭聦?shí)，使發(fā)生(常用于被動語態(tài))：This plan can n ever be realized.這個計劃永遠(yuǎn)不可能變成事實(shí)。(3)認(rèn)識，知道，明白，意識到:I went into the wrong room without realiz ing it.我無意中走錯了房間。I hope you realize that youve made a big mistake.我希望你明白你已經(jīng)犯了個大錯誤。realize 和understand表示這個意思時有時可以互換，有時則不可以。在上面的例句中,，第2句則可以。

13、又如：第1句不可用 un dersta ndI an did not un dersta nd En glish.伊恩不懂英語。(不可用realize )3 . interested與 interesting大多數(shù)現(xiàn)在分詞和許多過去分詞都可以作形容詞用。常見的以容詞有 excited/ exciting, tired/ tiring, interested/ interesting-ed和-ing結(jié)尾的成對的形等。以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞常與人稱主語連用，表示人的情緒、狀態(tài)、喜好等；以-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞則常與非人稱主語連用，表明事物的某種特征、性質(zhì)等:This story is excit in

14、g.這故事激動人心。I am excited by the story.我因這故事而興奮。It was an excit ing fini sh.(比賽的)結(jié)尾激動人心。Sally was very excited because she had n ever travelled on a train before.薩莉非常激動，因?yàn)樗龔奈闯诉^火車。The p lay was very in teresti ng.戲很有意思。Are you in terested in p lays?你對戲劇有興趣嗎？練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises1 .關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)答案A Fish

15、i ng(1.1); catchi ng(11.1-2); catchi ng(1. 3); havi ng spen t(1.5);fishi ng(1.6); fish ingsitting(1.8); doing (1.9)C 1 he went out of the restaura nt without paying the bill.2 She bought a p air of boots in stead of gett ing a p air of shoes.3 She was afraid of spending the ni ght alone.4 After hear

16、i ng/havi ng heard the n ews, shefai nted 5 .5 Think carefully before an sweri ng my questio n.6 On see ing the plane coming towards me, I2 難點(diǎn)練習(xí)答案dashed 6 for cover.1realized 2Itsunderstanditsexciting4in terest ing5excit ing6in terested多項(xiàng)選擇題答案1b2c 3b 4b5c 6b7c8a 9c 10c11d12a】生詞和短【New words and exp r

17、essi ons catch v.抓到 catch fish,catch thiefcatch cold:染上感冒catch a bus :趕車catch onesbreath 7 :摒住呼吸c(diǎn)atch sight of(see):看見catch fire :著火catch on es eyes fisherma nn.:吸引某人注意力釣魚人，漁民 bootn.靴子a p air of boots浪費(fèi) wasten.You are wast ing time.a waste ofIt is a waste of time. realize v.意識到I realized that I was

18、wrong. 實(shí)現(xiàn)，realize on es dream【課文講解】fish 一般情況下作為不可數(shù)名詞用the moment +從句：the moment I had enteredThere are a lot of fishes(表示種類)in the sea.fish(v.):釣魚，捕魚ing主語通常由名詞和代詞充當(dāng)，以及動詞+for+時間表示一段時間 for hours=for some hours without (prep.)介詞后面一定要加賓語 動詞+ ing : 1.做主語；2.做賓語anything用在否定句中without作為狀語而出現(xiàn)，表示結(jié)果狀語He went out

19、 without say ing any words.Without ask ing for mon ey,the boy went to school.without后面的動作是主語來做(v.)worry sb. The house worried me.My daughter worried me.(adj.)be worried about主語為賓語而感到擔(dān)心I was n ever worried about this.in stead of后面的詞一定是沒有做的，可以放在主句后面in stead of強(qiáng)調(diào)這件事沒做成而做成了另外一件事without強(qiáng)調(diào)沒有做某件事， 我原準(zhǔn)備做但是后

20、來做了I go to school in stead of stay ing at home.I bought books in stead of buying dresses.less+ 原級(不如):A is less . than B時間spend+時間+在某地：在某地度過after(conj.)+從句，從句主語必須是主句的主語才能換成下面一種形式after(prep.)+名詞/動詞的ing形式After going to school,I lear ned a lot of kno wledge. with: 帶著:放棄做某事without ;沒帶give up doin g/st o

21、p doingbe in terested in主語對什么感興趣 在船上 in the boat not at all 在否定句中起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用【Key structures動詞+ ing（非謂語動詞）可以做主語和賓語動詞ingb.be kee n on,be fond of,be in terested in, enjoy+ be afraid of be up to ,be cap able 9 of without, in stead of c. I apo logize.apo logize for (not) doing sth.thank you for.con gratulate s

22、b. on doing sth.Exercises C 1.without without prep.+ doingHe went out of the restaura nt without paying the bill.2.i nstead ofShe bought a p air of boots in stead of getti ng a p air of shoes. =She bought a p air of boots in stead of a p air of shoes.3.ofShe was afraid of spending the ni ght alone.4

23、. after after +從句；after prep .+do ingAfter heari ng the n ews,she fain ted.5. beforeThink carefully before an sweri ng my questi on.在回答我的問題之前，請仔細(xì)考慮。6.on as soon as 依舊：as soon as I en tered.on prep.+do ing沖進(jìn)掩護(hù)體）On see ing the plane coming towards me, I dashed for cover.(【Sp ecial difficultiesExercise

24、s 1.1 realized. 意識到2. .Its impo ssible.to un dersta nd its meaning its形容詞性物主代詞 its = it is; it 作形式主語3. .excit ing n ews. excited 感動的excit ing令人激動的on the radio在廣播上Eg. : I got news on the radio.on TV; on the tele phone; on the line4. .a n in teresti ng personin terested 感興趣的in teresti ng有趣的5. .a n exc

25、it ing lifelead a life 過著.日子lead a happy lifeEg. ; He leads a poor life. excited感到激動的excit ing令人激動的如果-ed,-ing做形容詞定語，和被修飾詞有關(guān)6. not in terestedin . affairs.in terested感興趣的in teresti ng有趣的be in terested in對 感興趣Mult iple choice questi on2. .enjoys.C catch ing fish抓魚fish ing釣魚doing nothing什么都不做swimmi ng

26、in the river在河里游泳enjoying doin g/enjoy + n.I enjoy books. |I enjoy readi ng books.6. .He has.B an empty bag one empty bag |an 指一個，強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞one 個，強(qiáng)調(diào) oneI have a garde n.I have one garde n. 強(qiáng)調(diào) empty bagI sent a letter.I wrote one word.7. .Thats.C(thats/the) only一般加名詞1 catch ingadj.易傳染的，有魅力的，迷人的，接住that+從句，從

27、句往往以特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)thats why Ithats whe nthats all那就是一切Thats all(l heard).Thats all I can remember.the one 指東西11. .D Igo home習(xí)慣用法go to the house語法正確Where are you going?Where are you going to?II點(diǎn)擊尸收聽單詞發(fā)音swimming in the river在河里游泳enjoying doing/enjoy + n.I enjoy books.I enjoy reading books.6. .He has.B an empty bag one empty bag an 指一個，強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞one 一個，強(qiáng)調(diào) oneI have a garden.I have one garden. 強(qiáng)調(diào) empty bagI sent a letter.I wrote one word.7. .