高二語文配套練習 1.2 當仁不讓于師（新人教版選修《先秦諸子選讀》） Word版含解析

1、二、當仁,不讓于師一、夯基訓練1.下列句中不含通假字的一項是()a.道之斯行b.亡之,命矣夫c.夫子矢之曰d.毋吾以也答案:b解析:a項,道,通“導”;c項,矢,通“誓”;d項,以,通“已”,停止。2.下列各組句子中的加點詞意義和用法相同的一項是()a.君子一言以為知多見其不知量也b.人雖欲自絕假舟楫者,非能水也,而絕江河c.偃之言是也覺今是而昨非d.莫春者,春服既成后世之謬其傳而莫能名者答案:c解析:a項,通“智”,聰明,智慧;知道。b項,動詞,斷絕;渡過。c項,都是形容詞,正確。d項,同“暮”;不定指代詞,沒有誰,沒有人。3.下列各組句子中的加點詞意義和用法相同的一項是()a.瞻之在前,忽

2、焉在后盤盤焉,囷囷焉b.仲尼豈賢于子乎當仁,不讓于師c.其生也榮,其死也哀如其禮樂,以俟君子d.非夫人之為慟而誰為為國以禮答案:a解析:a項,都是詞尾,用于形容詞、副詞之后,相當于“然”,的樣子。b項,介詞,比;介詞,對于。c項,人稱代詞,他;代詞,那。d項,介詞,為了;動詞,治理。4.從詞類活用的角度看,下列句中加點詞的用法與例句不相同的一項是()例句:猶天之不可階而升也a.聞弦歌之聲b.風乎舞雩c.曾皙后d.博我以文答案:d解析:例句中的“階”是名詞用作動詞,豎起梯子。a項,“弦歌”為名詞用作動詞,彈琴唱歌。b項,“風”,名詞用作動詞,吹風乘涼。c項,“后”,名詞用作動詞,后來離開。d項,

3、“博”為形容詞的使動用法,使廣博。5.下列各句的文言句式與例句相同的一項是()例句:博我以文,約我以禮a.異乎三子者之撰b.不吾知也c.正唯弟子不能學也d.賢哉,回也答案:a解析:例句與a項都是介賓短語后置(狀語后置)。b項賓語前置,c項判斷句,d項主謂倒裝。二、課內(nèi)閱讀6.閱讀下面的文字,完成第68題。陳子禽謂子貢曰:“子為恭也,仲尼豈賢于子乎?”子貢曰:“君子一言以為知,一言以為不知。言不可不慎也!夫子之不可及也,猶天之不可階而升也。夫子之得邦家者,所謂立之斯立,道之斯行,綏之斯來,動之斯和。其生也榮,其死也哀。如之何其可及也?”(論語子張)子之武城,聞弦歌之聲。夫子莞爾而笑,曰:“割雞焉

4、用牛刀!”子游對曰:“昔者偃也聞諸夫子曰:君子學道則愛人,小人學道則易使也?！弊釉?“二三子!偃之言是也!前言戲之耳。”(論語陽貨)下列句中加點詞的解釋不正確的一項是()a.仲尼豈賢于子乎于:介詞,比b.夫子之不可及也之:結(jié)構(gòu)助詞,的c.夫子莞爾而笑而:連詞,表修飾關(guān)系d.如之何其可及也如:與“何”連用,解釋為“怎么”答案:b解析:b項中的“之”是結(jié)構(gòu)助詞,用在主謂之間,取消句子獨立性,不譯。7.對下列句子中加點詞的意義和用法判斷正確的一項是()君子一言以為知言不可不慎也夫子之不可及也如之何其可及也a.相同,不同。b.相同,相同。c.不同,不同。d.不同,相同。答案:d解析:名詞,話;動詞,說

5、話;動詞,趕得上,比得上;同。8.把下列句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。(1)猶天之不可階而升也。(2)小人學道則易使也。答案: (1)就像他們不可能踩著梯子爬到天上去一樣。(2)地位低的人學了道就容易使喚。9.閱讀下面的文字,完成第911題?！包c,爾何如?”鼓瑟希,鏗爾,舍瑟而作,對曰:“異乎三子者之撰。”子曰:“何傷乎?亦各言其志也?！痹?“莫春者,春服既成,冠者五六人,童子六七人,浴乎沂,風乎舞雩,詠而歸?！狈蜃余叭粐@曰:“吾與點也!”三子者出,曾皙后。曾皙曰:“夫三子者之言何如?”子曰:“亦各言其志也已矣!”曰:“夫子何哂由也?”曰:“為國以禮。其言不讓,是故哂之?！薄拔ㄇ髣t非邦也與?”“安見方六

6、七十,如五六十,而非邦也者?”“唯赤則非邦也與?”“宗廟、會同,非諸侯而何?赤也為之小,孰能為之大!”(論語先進)下列句中的加點詞解釋不正確的一項是()a.鼓瑟希,鏗爾,舍瑟而作作:站起來b.何傷乎?亦各言其志也傷:傷害c.夫子何哂由也哂:微笑d.吾與點也與:贊許答案:b解析:b項,傷:妨礙。10.下列各組句子中的加點詞意義和用法相同的一項是()a.舍瑟而作詠而歸b.何傷乎浴乎沂,風乎舞雩c.夫子何哂由也非諸侯而何d.亦各言其志也吾與點也答案:d解析:a項,連詞,表順承關(guān)系;連詞,表修飾關(guān)系。b項,語氣助詞,表反問;介詞,在。c項,疑問代詞,為什么;疑問代詞,什么。d項,都是語氣助詞,表陳述語

7、氣。11.把下列句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。(1)異乎三子者之撰。(2)為國以禮。其言不讓,是故哂之。答案:(1)跟三位說的不同。(2)治理國家要用禮。他說話不謙讓,因此我笑他。三、延伸閱讀12.閱讀下面的文言文,完成第1215題。仲尼適楚,出于林中,見痀僂者承蜩,猶掇之也。仲尼曰:“子巧乎,有道邪?”曰:“我有道也。五六月累丸二而不墜則失者錙銖累三而不墜則失者十一累五而不墜猶掇之也。吾處身也,若橛株枸;吾執(zhí)臂也,若槁木之枝;雖天地之大,萬物之多,而唯蜩翼之知。吾不反不側(cè),不以萬物易蜩之翼,何為而不得!”孔子顧謂弟子曰:“用志不分,乃凝于神,其痀僂丈人之謂乎!”(選自莊子達生)注:蜩:蟬。橛(ju)株

8、(zh)枸(j):短樹根。下列句中加點詞的解釋不正確的一項是()a.仲尼適楚適:動詞,到去b.猶掇之也掇:動詞,拾取,撿取c.雖天地之大雖:連詞,雖然d.孔子顧謂弟子曰顧:只是答案:d解析:d項,顧:動詞,回頭。13.下列句中加點詞語的意義和用法與例句相同的一項是()例句:子之武城,聞弦歌之聲a.猶掇之也b.唯蜩翼之知c.若槁木之枝d.天地之大答案:c解析:例句與c項均為結(jié)構(gòu)助詞,的。a項,人稱代詞,它;b項,結(jié)構(gòu)助詞,賓語前置的標志;d項,結(jié)構(gòu)助詞,用在主謂之間,取消句子獨立性。14.用“/”給下列句子斷句。五六月累丸二而不墜則失者錙銖累三而不墜則失者十一累五而不墜猶掇之也答案:五六月累丸二

9、而不墜/則失者錙銖/累三而不墜/則失者十一/累五而不墜/猶掇之也15.把下列句子翻譯成現(xiàn)代漢語。(1)仲尼適楚,出于林中,見痀僂者承蜩,猶掇之也。(2)吾不反不側(cè),不以萬物易蜩之翼,何為而不得!(3)用志不分,乃凝于神,其痀僂丈人之謂乎!答案:(1)孔子要到楚國去,走過一片樹林的時候,看見一個駝背老人正在拿竿子粘蟬,(粘得很容易)就像在拾取一樣。(2)我心無二念,不因外物紛繁而改變對蟬翼的注意,為什么會得不到呢!(3)用心不分散,就聚精會神,這說的就是駝背老人吧!參考譯文:孔子要到楚國去,走過一片樹林的時候,看見一個駝背老人正在拿竿子粘蟬,(粘得很容易)就像在拾取一樣?？鬃訂?“你的技術(shù)這樣精

10、巧,你有什么門道嗎?”駝背老人說:“我有門道。我用五六個月的時間練習在竿子上累疊彈丸,如果能累疊上兩個不落下來,那么我捕起蟬來只有很少的失誤;如果累疊上三個不落下來,我捕起蟬來只有十分之一的失誤;如果累疊上五個不落下來,那么我捕起蟬來就像拾取那樣容易了。我身子站在這里,好像枯枝一樣一動不動;我的胳膊舉起來,好像枯枝的枝干;雖然天地這么大,萬物這么多,可是我的心中只知道蟬翼的存在。我心無二念,不因外物紛繁而改變對蟬翼的注意,為什么會得不到呢!孔子回過頭來對他的弟子們說:“用心不分散,就聚精會神,這說的就是駝背老人吧!”i92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav

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