航空氣象學課后習題電子檔

1、習題Chapter 1 ATMOSPHERE AND TEMPERATURE1. Which feature is associated with the tropopause?A. Absence of wind and turbulence. B. Absolute upper limit of cloud formation.C. Abrupt change of temperature lapse rate.2. What is a characteristic of the troposphere?A. It contains all the moisture of the atmo

2、sphere.B. There is an overall decrease of temperature with an increase of altitude.C. The average altitude of the top of the troposphere is about 6 miles. 3. The average height of the troposphere in the middle latitudes is A. 20,000feet. B. 25,000feet. C. 37,000feet.4. The primary cause of all chang

3、es in the Earths weather is A. variation of solar energy received by the Earths regions.B. changes in air pressure over the Earths surface.C. movement of the air masses.5. If the air temperature is +8 at an elevation of 1,350 feet and a standard (average) temperature lapse rate exists, what will be

4、the approximate freezing level?A. 3,350 feet MSL(Mean Sea Level)B. 5,350 feet MSLC. 9,350 feet MSL6. The most frequent type of ground or surface based temperature inversion is that produced byA. ground radiation on a clear, cool night, when the wind is light.B. warm air being lifted rapidly aloft in

5、 the vicinity of mountainous terrainC. the movement of colder air under warm air, or the movement of warm air over cold air.7. What feature is associated with a temperature inversion? A. A stable layer of air.B. An unstable layer of air. C. Air mass thunderstorms.8. What are the characterizes of a g

6、round-based inversion? A. Convection currents at the surface. B. Cold temperatures. C.Poor visibility.9. Where is a common location for an inversion of the atmosphere? A. At the tropopause.B. In the stratosphere. C. At the base of cumulus clouds.10. Which weather conditions should be expected beneat

7、h a low-level temperature inversion layer when the relative humidity is high? A. Smooth air and poor visibility due to fog, haze, or low clouds.B. Light wind shear and poor visibility due to haze and light rain. C. Turbulent air and poor visibility due to fog, low stratus-type clouds, and showery pr

8、ecipitation 11.對流層中，對天氣變化影響較大的氣體是： A.氮氣和氧氣B.氧氣和二氧化碳C.二氧化碳和水汽D.水汽和臭氧 12.對流層頂是一個強大的穩(wěn)定層，因為： A. 它的上面是平流層 B. 空氣干潔，能見度好C. 氣流平穩(wěn)，沒有對流運動D 該處氣溫直減率小 13.在對流層頂以上飛行，常常是： A. 氣流平穩(wěn)，能見度好B. 有塵粒、煙粒等雜質(zhì)聚積C. 會遇到高云，或積雨云、濃積云頂D. 有使飛機產(chǎn)生顛簸的擾動氣流 14.局地氣溫的最低點通常出現(xiàn)在： A. 后半夜 B. 天亮時C. 早晨D. 日出時 15.能造成較大氣溫日較差的有利天氣和地理條件分別是：A.晴天，陸地 B.晴天，

9、海洋C.陰天，陸地D.陰天，海洋 16.局地氣溫的非周期變化受下列那一個因素的影響最顯著？ A.太陽輻射強度 B.海陸分布C.季節(jié) D.冷暖空氣的水平運動 17.標準大氣的海平面氣溫等于： A. 0B. 10C. 273.16 D. 288.16 18.氣壓相等時，較暖和較濕的空氣密度分別比較冷和較干的空氣密度要A. 小，小B. 大，大C. 小，大D. 大，小 Answers:1.C 2.B3.C 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.C 9.B10.A11.C12.D 13.A14.D15.A16.D17.D18.A習題Chapter 2 ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AND AL

10、TIMETRY1. Which pressure is defined as station pressure?A. Altimeter setting.B. Actual pressure at field elevation.C. Station barometric pressure reduced to sea level.2. What term describes an elongated area of low pressure? A. Trough.B. Ridge.C. Hurricane or typhoon. 3. If the ambient temperature i

11、s colder than standard at FL 310, what is the relationship between true altitude and pressure altitude?A. They are both the same, 31,000 feet.B. True altitude is lower than 31,000 feet.C. Pressure altitude is lower than true altitude. 4. Where is the usual location of a thermal low? A. Over the arct

12、ic region.B. Over the eye of a hurricane.C. Over the surface of a dry, sunny region. 5. En route at FL 270, the altimeter is set correctly. On descent, a pilot fails to set the local altimeter setting of 30.57. If the field elevation is 650 feet, and the altimeter is functioning properly, what will

13、it indicate upon landing? A. 585 feet.B. 1,300 feet.C. Sea level. 6. What is corrected altitude (approximate true altitude)? A. Pressure altitude corrected for instrument error.B. indicated altitude corrected for temperature variation from standard.C. Density altitude corrected for temperature varia

14、tion from standard. 7.常用于研究水平氣壓場的氣壓是： A. 本站氣壓B. 場面氣壓C. 修正海平面氣壓D. 標準海平面氣壓 8.飛機起降時，用于調(diào)整高度表的氣壓通常是： A 本站氣壓B. 場面氣壓C. 修正海平面氣壓D. 標準海平面氣壓 9.航線飛行時，用來調(diào)整高度表的氣壓是： A. 本站氣壓B. 場面氣壓C. 修正海平面氣壓D. 標準海平面氣壓 10.飛機進入較強下降氣流和上升氣流區(qū)時，高度指示會分別比實際高度： A. 偏高，偏低B. 偏高，偏高C. 偏低，偏高D. 偏低，偏低 11.當飛機按氣壓式高度表保持一定高度飛向低壓區(qū)時，其實際高度的變化是： A. 逐漸變低B.

15、 逐漸變高C. 先變低，后變高D. 先變高，后變低 12.當空氣密度低于標準大氣時，對飛機的起飛載重量或起飛和著陸滑跑距離的影響分別是： A. 減少，加長B. 減少，縮短C. 增大，加長D. 增大，縮短 13.飛機所處位置的密度高度，在冷天和熱天通常分別為： A. 低密度高度，高密度高度B. 高密度高度，低密度高度C. 低密度高度，低密度高度D. 高密度高度，高密度高度 Answers:1.B2.A3.B4.C5.C6.B7.C8.C9.D10.A11.A12.A13.A習題Chapter 3 WIND1. At lower levels of the atmosphere, friction

16、 causes the wind to flow across isobars into a low because the friction A. decreases windspeed and Coriolis force. B. decreases pressure gradient force.C. creates air turbulence and raises atmospheric pressure. 2. What causes surface winds to flow across the isobars at an angle rather than parallel

17、to the isobars? A. Coriolis force. B. Surface frictionC. The greater density of the air at the Surface. 3. What is a feature of air movement in a high pressure area? A. Ascending from the surface high to lower pressure at higher altitudes.B. Descending to the surface and then outward.C. Moving outwa

18、rd from the high at high altitudes and into the high at the surface. 4. What is indicated by close spacing of isobars on a weather map?A. Weak pressure gradient and weak windsB. Weak pressure gradient and strong windsC. Strong pressure gradient and strong winds5. Which type wind flows downslope beco

19、ming warmer and dryer? A. Land breeze.B. Valley wind. C. Katabatic wind. 6. At which location does Coriolis force have the least effect on wind direction?A. At the poles.B. Middle latitudes (30 to 60).C. At the Equator. 7. How does Coriolis force affect wind direction in the Southern Hemisphere?A. C

20、auses clockwise rotation around a low.B. Causes wind to flow out of a low toward a high.C. Has exactly the same effect as in the Northern Hemisphere. 8. Which force, in the Northern Hemisphere, acts at a right angle to the wind and deflects it to the right until parallel to the isobars?A. Centrifuga

21、lB. Pressure gradient.C. Coriolis 9. Which weather condition is defined as an anticyclone?A. Calm.B. High pressure area.C. COL. 10. Winds at 5,000 feet AGL on a particular flight are southwesterly while most of the surface winds are southerly. This difference in direction is primarily due toA. a str

22、onger pressure gradient at higher altitudes. B. friction between the wind and the surface. C. stronger Coriolis force at the surface. 11. What relationship exists between the winds at 2,000 feet above the surface and the surface winds?A. The winds at 2,000 feet and the surface winds flow in the same

23、 direction, but the surface winds are weaker due to friction. B. The winds at 2,000 feet tend to parallel the isobars while the surface winds cross the isobars at an angle toward lower pressure and are weaker. C. The surface winds tend to veer to the right of the winds at 2,000 feet and are usually

24、weaker. 12. A jet stream is defined as wind of A. 30 knots or greater.B. 40 knots or greater.C. 50 knots or greater.13. Jet stream winds occur at which location?A. South of highsB. Parallel to troughsC. Breaks in the tropopause14.西北風可表示為： A. 135或SEB. 300或NWC. 315或NWD. 340或WN 15.海上風與陸地風相比，主要區(qū)別是： A. 海

25、上風速大，風向與等壓線交角大B. 陸地上風速大，風向與等壓線交角小C. 陸地上風速大，風向與等壓線交角大D. 海上風速大，風向與等壓線交角小 16.海風和山風分別出現(xiàn)在： A. 白天，晚上B. 晚上，白天C. 白天，白天D. 晚上，晚上 17.在北半球9000米高度，由低壓區(qū)飛向高壓區(qū)，則航線上吹： A. 右側(cè)風B. 左側(cè)風C. 逆風D. 順風 18.在北半球自由大氣中，如果航線是左側(cè)風，則高壓區(qū)在航線的： A. 右側(cè)B. 左側(cè)C. 后方D. 前方 19.自由大氣中風隨高度變化的主要原因是： A. 氣溫的水平差異B. 氣溫隨高度的變化C. 氣壓的水平差異D. 氣壓隨高度的變化20.對流層自由大

26、氣中，高度增加，風的一般變化規(guī)律是： A. 風向趨近于東風，風速增大B. 風向趨近于西風，風速減小C. 風向趨近于東風，風速減小D. 風向趨近于西風，風速增大 21.地面風的陣性表現(xiàn)較明顯的時間和季節(jié)分別是： A. 早晨，冬季B. 早晨，夏季C. 午后，冬季D. 午后，夏季 22.地面風的陣性表現(xiàn)較明顯的地區(qū)特點是： A. 地表粗糙，性質(zhì)差異大B. 地表平坦，性質(zhì)差異小C. 地表粗糙，性質(zhì)差異小D. 地表平坦，性質(zhì)差異大 Answers:1.A2.B3.B4.C5.C6.C7.A8.C9.B10.B11.B12.C13.C14.C15.D16.A17.A18.C19.A20.D21.D22.A

27、習題Chapter 4 CLOUD AND PRECIPITATION1. To which meteorological conditioned does the term dew point refer?A. The temperature to which air must be cooled to become saturated. B. The temperature at which condensation and evaporation are equal. C. The temperature at which dew will always form. 2. The amo

28、unt of water vapor which air can hold largely depends onA. relative humidity. B. air temperature. C. stability of air3. Clouds, fog, or dew will always form whenA. water vapor condenses. B. water vapor is present. C. the temperature and dew point are equal.4. What weather condition occurs at the alt

29、itude where the dewpoint lapse rate and the dry adiabatic lapse rate converge?A. Cloud bases form.B. Precipitation starts. C. Stable air changes to unstable air.5. What are the four families of clouds?A. Stratus, cumulus, nimbus, and cirrus.B. Clouds formed by updrafts, fronts, cooling layers of air

30、, and precipitation into warm air.C. High ,middle, low, and those with extensive vertical development.6. The suffix “nimbus”, used in naming clouds, means a A. cloud with extensive vertical development.B. rain cloud.C. dark massive, towering cloud.7. A high cloud is composed mostly of A. ozone.B. co

31、ndensation nuclei.C. ice crystals.8. Stability can be determined from which measurement of the atmosphere?A. Low-level windsB. ambient lapse rate C. atmospheric pressure9. What determines the structure or type of clouds which form as a result of air being forced to ascend?A. the method by which the

32、air is lifted.B. the stability of the air before lifting occurs. C. the amount of condensation nuclei present after lifting occurs.10. Unsaturated air flowing up slope will cool at the rate of approximately (dry adiabatic lapse rate)A. 3 per 1000 feet.B. 2 per 1000 feet.C. 2.5 per 1000 feet.11. What

33、 type of clouds will be formed if very stable moist air is forced up slope?A. First stratified clouds and then vertical clouds.B. Vertical clouds with increasing height.C. Stratified clouds with little vertical development.12. What type clouds can be expected when an unstable air mass is forced to a

34、scend a mountain slope?A. Layered clouds with little vertical development.B. Stratified clouds with considerable associated turbulence,C. Clouds with extensive vertical development.13. Which of the following combinations of weather producing variables would likely result in cumuliform-type clouds go

35、od visibility rain showers and possible cleartype icing in clouds?A. Unstable moist air and no lifting mechanism.B. Stable dry air and orographic lifting. C. Unstable moist air and orographic lifting,14. Which family of clouds is least likely to contribute to structural icing on an aircraft?A. Low c

36、louds.B. High clouds. C.Clouds with extensive vertical development.15. Which clouds have the greatest turbulence?A. Towering cumulusB. cumulonimbusC. Altocumulus castellanus16. The presence of standing lenticular altocumulus clouds is a good indication of A. A jet streamB. Very strong turbulence.C.

37、Heavy icing conditions.17. Fair weather cumulus clouds often indicateA. Turbulence at and below the cloud level.B. Poor visibility C. Smooth flying conditions18. A ceiling is defined as the height of the A. highest layer of clouds or obscuring phenomena aloft that covers over 6/10 of the sky.B. lowe

38、st layer of clouds that contributed to the over all overcastC. lowest layer of clouds or obscuring phenomena aloft that is reported as broken or overcast19. What enhance the growth rate of precipitation? A. advective action B. upward currentsC. cyclonic movement20. The presence of ice pellets at the

39、 surface is evidence that A. these are thunderstorms in the area B. a cold front has passed C. there is freezing rain at a higher altitude.21. What temperature condition is indicated if wet snow is encountered at your flight altitude?A. The temperature is above freezing at you altitudeB. The tempera

40、ture is below freezing at your altitude.C. You are flying from a warm air mass into a cold air mass22. Which precipitation type normally indicates freezing rain at higher altitudes?A. Snow B. Hail C. Ice pellets23. Select the characteristic (s) associated with the Cumulonimbus Clouds. More than one

41、characteristic may apply.A. HailB. DrizzleC. LightningD. Stable airE. TurbulenceF. Restricted visibility for long periods24.云體高大，底部陰暗，云頂呈園弧形重疊的云是： A. CuB. TCuC. CbD. Sc25.決定大氣穩(wěn)定度的主要因素是： A. r值B. rd 值C. P值D. T值 26.一般情況下，大氣最不穩(wěn)定的時間和季節(jié)分別是： A. 中午，冬季B. 早上，夏季C. 早上，冬季D. 午后，夏季27.一般情況下，大氣最穩(wěn)定的時間和季節(jié)分別是： A. 中午，冬季

42、B. 早上，夏季C. 早上，冬季D. 午后，夏季28.速度最大的垂直運動是： A. 對流B. 系統(tǒng)性升降運動C. 亂流D. 大氣波動29.對流運動的水平范圍一般為： A. 幾公里B. 幾十公里C. 幾到幾十公里D. 幾百公里30.對流上升運動形成：A. 積狀云B. 層狀云C. 波狀云D. 堡狀云31.大氣不穩(wěn)定時，常產(chǎn)生的垂直運動是：A. 對流和系統(tǒng)性升降運動B. 系統(tǒng)性升降運動和波動C. 波動和亂流D. 亂流和對流32.地球表面熱力性質(zhì)差異大的地區(qū)容易產(chǎn)生的垂直運動是： A. 對流和系統(tǒng)性升降運動B. 系統(tǒng)性升降運動和波動C. 波動和亂流D. 亂流和對流33.形成層狀云的運動是： A. 對流

43、B. 系統(tǒng)性運動C. 波動D. 亂流34.層狀云包括： A. Ns Sc As StB. Sc As Cs FsC. Ci Cs As NsD. Fs Ns As St35.積狀云包括： A. Cu TCu Cb FcB. TCu Fc Cc ScC. Cb Sc Ac CuD. Fc Cu Cb Cc36.嚴重影響飛機起降的低碎云主要是： A. Ns Fc StB. St Fs CuC. Fn St FsD. Fs Ns Fn37.國家氣象部門和民航總局規(guī)定的計量云量的方法分別是： A. 十分制，八分制B. 八分制，十分制C. 十分制，十分制 D. 八分制，八分制38.中云的云底高度通常規(guī)定

44、為： A. 15004000米B. 25005000米C. 30006000米D. 25006000米Answers:1.A2.B3.A4.A5.C6.B7.C8.B9.B10.A11.C12.C13.C14.B15.B16.B17.A18.C19.B20.C21.A22.C23.ACE24.B25.A26.D27.C28.A29.C30.A31.D32.D33.B34.C35.A36.C37.A38.D習題Chapter 5 AIR MASSES AND FRONTS1. An air mass is a body of air that A. has similar cloud forma

45、tions associated with it B. creates a wind shift as it moves across the Earths surfaceC. covers an extensive area and has fairly uniform properties of temperature and moisture2. What is indicated about an air mass if the temperature remains unchanged or decreases slightly as altitude is increased?A.

46、 The air is unstable.B. A temperature inversion exists.C. The air is stable.3. Which weather condition is an example of a nonfrontal instability band? A.Squall line.B. Advective fog. C.Frontogenesis.4. The general characteristics of unstable air are A. good visibility, showery precipitation, and cum

47、uliform-typed clouds.B. good visibility, steady precipitation, and stratiform-type cloudsC. poor visibility, intermittent precipitation, and cumuliform-typed clouds.5. What are some characteristics of unstable air?A. Nimbostratus clouds and good Surface visibility B. Turbulence and poor surface visi

48、bilityC. Turbulence and good surface visibility6. What are the characteristics of stable air?A. Good visibility, steady precipitation, and stratus-type cloudsB. Poor visibility, intermittent precipitation, and Cumulus-type cloudsC. Poor visibility，Steady precipitation, and Stratus-type clouds7. Whic

49、h are characteristics of an unstable cold air mass moving over a warm surface?A. Cumuliform clouds, turbulence, and poor visibilityB. Cumuliform clouds, turbulence, and good visibilityC. Stratiform clouds, smooth air, and poor visibility8. Which atmospheric factor causes rapid movement of surface fr

50、onts?A. Upper winds blowing across the front.B. Upper low located directly over the surface low.C. The cold front overtaking and lifting the warm front. 9. What weather difference is found on each side of a dry line?A. Extreme temperature difference.B. Dewpoint difference.C. Stratus versus cumulus c

51、louds. 10. TrueFalseWhen an air mass is warmed from below，it becomes more stable11. TrueFalsePassage of a fast-moving cold front creates a narrow frontal zone with less severe weather than the passage of a slow moving cold front.12. Steady precipitation with little turbulence precedes what type of f

52、ront?A. Cold frontB. Warm frontC. Occluded front13. What is the most reliable indication that you have flown through a front?A. Change in pressureB. Change in temperature C. Change in wind direction14. What conditions favor the formation of a frontal wave?A. A fast-moving warm front overtaking a col

53、d frontB. A deep low pressure are allocated northeast of a ridgeC. A stationary front or slow moving cold front with a strong temperature gradient15. Steady precipitation, in contrast to showers, preceding a front is an indication of A. Stratiform clouds with moderate turbulence.B. Cumuliform clouds

54、 with little or no turbulence.C. Stratiform clouds with little or no turbulence.16.飛機由冷氣團一側(cè)垂直穿過穩(wěn)定的緩行冷鋒，首先看到的云是： A. 卷云B. 雨層云C. 高層云D. 高積云 17.不穩(wěn)定的急行冷鋒經(jīng)過機場時，通常會出現(xiàn)的天氣現(xiàn)象是： A 晴朗微風的天氣 B. 小雨和霧 C. 層狀云和低能見度 D. 積狀云、地面大風、陣性降水18.下列在我國能產(chǎn)生地面大風的天氣形勢是： A. 冷鋒后的偏北大風B. 冷鋒前的偏北大風C. 冷鋒前的偏南大風D. 冷鋒后的偏南大風Answers:1.C2.C3.A4.A5.C6.C7.B8.A9.B10.F11.F12.B13.C14.C15.C16.A17.D18.A習題Chapter 6 TURBULENCE1. A pilot reporting turbulence that momentarily causes slight, erratic changes in altitude and /or attitude should report it as A. light t