（推薦）湖北省武漢為明實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校中考英語考前指導(dǎo)人教新目標(biāo)版

1、考前指導(dǎo)一、選擇填空單項(xiàng)選擇內(nèi)容涉及語法、詞法、慣用法、句型、口語交際等諸多方面，題目比較靈活，覆蓋面廣。單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧。（1） 題目要看準(zhǔn)看全；（2）全面分析題干，冷靜思考選項(xiàng)；（3）找準(zhǔn)題目的考點(diǎn)，反復(fù)比較。可用直接法、排除法、推理法、常識法、反證法解題。但多數(shù)題目都源于課本, 一改過去只考查語法知識的傳統(tǒng)。分析起來主要有以下一些特點(diǎn)：1題目重視語境的創(chuàng)設(shè)，解答必須首先吃透語境，把握題干的全部信息，進(jìn)行合埋的推斷，作深層的理解，并從詞法、語法和慣用法、搭配等角度全方位考慮。如： 例1：-Would you like some tea? -Yes, I prefer tea _ suga

2、r. Ato Bwith Cthan Dfrom2強(qiáng)調(diào)在情景對話場合中考查語言知識，許多題目是由對話構(gòu)成題材，使語言知識的考查更靈活、更生活化。如： 例2：-When shall we meet again? -Make it _ day you like；its all the same to me. Aone Banother C. some Dany解析 選D。這里make it是用來約定時間，從下文智its all the same to me (這對我來說都一樣來看，只能選擇D any(任何；任意)。 3題目命題時注重干擾和迷惑，通過各種手段考查綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力。如： 例3 The

3、 schools in China are different from _. AAmerica schools Bthat of America C. America Dthose in America 解析 選D?？疾楸容^級要在同類事物之間進(jìn)行比較”和“替代”(the schools用those來代替)。做題時容易受漢語的習(xí)慣思維定勢的影響誤選C，題目的迷惑性很大。4題目的綜合性增強(qiáng)，同時考查兩個或兩個以上的知識點(diǎn)；有些題目設(shè)計(jì)了兩個或兩個以上的空格；有些題目雖然只有一個空格，但涉及多個考點(diǎn)。如： 例4：I dont know if it _ tomorrow. If it _, I wo

4、nt go. Awill rain；rains Bwill rain；will rain Crams；rains Drains；will rain 解析 選A。這里考查了if引導(dǎo)賓語從句和條件狀語從句兩種不同的用法。前面一句中的if引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，由于主句的時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，因此賓語從句根據(jù)需要用一般將來時,而后一句if引導(dǎo)的條件是狀語從句，因主句是一般將來時，從句只能用一般現(xiàn)在時。所以做題時要看清題干，注意常用的語法現(xiàn)象，語言環(huán)境和習(xí)慣用語，常采用擇優(yōu)法，排除法、比較法、運(yùn)用邏輯推理法、固定結(jié)構(gòu)判斷法。在做題的過程中，務(wù)必看清句子的干擾項(xiàng)。1冠詞：字母（單詞）里以元音開頭的，如表示一個（件、

5、只）則用“an” an “f (l,m,n,s,x,a,e,i,o,r,h)” an hour an orange an honest boy an eight-year-old boy an eleven-metre-wide river an unusual day字母（單詞）中以輔音開頭的，如表示一個（件）則用a “u”a second time (再/又一次) a third chance （又一次機(jī)會） a useful book a university a one-eyed cat2名詞: the Green family=the Greens （注意謂語動詞）classthe

6、elderly/young/old/rich/poor/police/audience e.g. His family are having supper in the dining room now.The Green family has moved to Paris.two months/years 20 dollars （表示、數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算、重量、金錢、距離、時間、數(shù)目等復(fù)數(shù)名 10 meters 詞或短語做主語看作一整體，注意謂語動詞用單數(shù)）e.g. Two Months has passed since he came here.the number of a number of （使

7、用謂語動詞的區(qū)別） 幾分之幾的 百分之幾的most of （謂語動詞取決于它們后面所跟的主體名詞或代詞）e.g. 1)Three fifths of the money is mine.2)89% of the students are from cities.3)About two thirds of the earth is covered with water.4)A lot of work has been done by her since yesterday.5)Many a boy enjoys playing football in our playground.6)More

8、than one person has been to Beijing.主語為單數(shù)，且后面跟有with, together with, along with, besides, except, like等，謂語動詞用單數(shù)e.g. The manager, along with his secretary, is going to the meeting room.The worker and writer and所連接的指的是同一個人或事物謂語動詞用單數(shù) The worker and the writer and連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格：Jims two months (tw

9、o-month) holiday someone elses who elses Tom and Jacks room each others others Toms and Jacks rooms Its 15 minutes walk. Spend a two-week holiday Its a 15-minute walk. Spend two weeks holiday Its 15 minutes on foot.in a few years (days months weeks) time3代詞：注意人稱代詞的主、賓格、形、名詞性物主代詞以及不定代詞。a) one the oth

10、er(two three) some othersanotherb) some little few a bitany a little a few a little bita bit of +n.something, nothing anything (可用于肯定句，作“任何東西/人”講)somebody, nobody, anybody e.g. 1) Theres nothing serious with you.2) I have nothing else new to tell you.both neither eitherall none each(注：形容詞修飾不定代詞位置后置，

11、else修飾疑問代、副詞，不定代詞位置后置)c) on both sides of the street/river on either side of on each side ofon every side /all sides of the lake/playground/island/classroomon the other side of not only but alsod) neithernor eitheror （謂語動詞用就近的原則）there be bothand （連接主語時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)） 4數(shù)詞：a) 數(shù)詞的讀法 1, 000, 000, 000 billion m

12、illion thousand一萬 ten thousand 一億 one hundred million 10億 1 billion b)數(shù)詞的表達(dá)法 概數(shù)hundreds of thousands of millions of many thousands of 確數(shù) three million several hundred(s) of two thousand of the workers c) 分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)法：分子用基數(shù)，分母用序數(shù)，分子大于1，分母的序數(shù)詞加s，分?jǐn)?shù)后跟名詞，謂語動詞依據(jù)名詞形式而定。 d)two and a half days=two days and a half

13、one or two hours expect tp dp sth. 5動詞 expect sb to do sth. a)同義詞辨析 take look forhear hope bring find listen wish （肯、否） mustsee search sb. rise vi. talk have tolook search for sb. raise vt. sayarrive in/atsteal sth. from search+place+for sb./sth. speakreachrob sb. of sth. search the Internet tellget

14、 tograb sth. search the information on the Internet used to do be made of /from return sometimes be used to doing be made inlend some times be used to do be made byborrow sometime be used for doing be made up of keep some time be used bybe used in( )1. What did the teacher _you to_ at the meeting ?

15、A. tell, say B. ask, speak C. tell, speak D. ask, talk ( )2. Do you know who theyre _ about the accident at the school gate? A. talking B. saying C. telling D. speaking3. What do you call this bird in English?b)動詞短語 put on動副結(jié)構(gòu)： put upturn on/off try on keep off put away throw aboutturn up/down keep

16、away from put off litter aboutgive up look up (in the dictionary) put down ring upgive out look down on/upon put out the fire go over pick upgive away look over think over wake uptake in work out take offtake awaytake out of動介結(jié)構(gòu)：get on (off), look for, work on, fall off,complain about, talk about,th

17、ink aboutc)感官、使役動詞 see make hear sb do (doing sth)letsb do sth wacth have 改為被動語態(tài)要加“to”notice help注意被動語態(tài) made seen sb. be let to dosb. be heard to do had watched helped noticedseensb. be heard doing watched noticede.g. The workers make machines to help farmers.d)情態(tài)動詞：注意may, must, should, ought to, mu

18、st的否定答語，注意語境，表猜測用情態(tài)動詞may, must, may be, must becant be need作行為動詞用 need to do (否定句、疑問句中要用助動詞)need doing=need to be doneMust I/we? 否定回答 No, you neednt/dony hsve to.Sb. neednt do區(qū)別canbe able toe)非延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞borrow-keepbuy-have open-be opendie-be deadcome(go)-be inleave-be away(from)begin-be onjoin-be in

19、 (a member) begin(start) to do-doget up-be upmake friends-be friendscome back-be backfall asleep-be asleepcatch a cold-have a coldget to know-know get(receive) a letter from-have a letter frombecome interested in-be interested inwake- be awakeget married to-be married to6介詞 a)注意in on at with的用法（注意時間

20、、地點(diǎn)）b)比較 betweeninover(under) amongafterabove(below) walk past/bythrough(desert, forest, door, tunnel,window) without pastacross (bridge, street, road, river) with beyondThe plane flew across the rainforest.c)含有一些介詞的短語connectto/with jointocontactona visit toa key to an entrance to the way to a trip

21、to a witness tocome up withcatch up with play against(with)by bike=on a bikein red in the treeon the treein the end at the end ofby the end oftowardsto the reason for the cause of 7反意問句a)注意陳述句中有hardly, never, few, little,seldom, nothing, none, neither, nobody,no等詞,反意問句用肯定的形式。b)注意主語后面的s（is, has）c)I/W

22、e believe，I/We think，I/We suppose后面跟賓語從句，如是否定句，否定前移。反意問句，看賓語從句。d)unusual, unhappy, impossible, dislike, unfair等前綴的反義詞，反意問句仍用否定形式。注：前否后肯反意問句的回答 Lets, shall we? 其余用will you?-Didnt he come to school yesterday? -_, though he didnt feel well.-Its nothing serious, _, doctor?-_, youd better stay in hospita

23、l and you need an operation at once.8同義詞辨析 so lonely before long when pleased either such alone long before while pleasant too pleasure also as well 注意區(qū)別 close high wide hardclosely highly widely hardly9.特殊疑問詞a)對人口、電話號碼，到哪一年，用特殊疑問詞what(what placevisit)對人的職業(yè)用 What be sb. (What is he?)對人的相貌用 what look

24、 like (What does he look like?)對人的品質(zhì)用 what look like (What does he look like?)或what be like (What is he like?)b)how soon(often, far away, long)10情景對話看清上下文，注意說話的環(huán)境、對象。11非謂語動詞a)動名詞feel like doing finish doing enjoy doing mind doing practice doing miss doing suggesting doing imagine sb doing sthdevotet

25、o doing sth look forward to doing pay attention to doingbe used to doing cant stop/stop doingbe well worth doing be busy doingstop sb from doingkeep sb from doing prevent sb from doing(sb sth 帶有被動的意味；用stop /prevent sb being done)keep on doingcarry on doing go on doingbe used for doingthank sb for do

26、inghave fun have no time to do sthproblems doing 沒時間做某事difficultytroublea good time need doing=need to be done require doinggive up doing=drop doingspend(in) doing succeed in doing prefer doing to doing 注意區(qū)別：stop, forget, go on, remember, see(hear, watch),doing sth和to do sth 分詞作定語，伴隨狀語b)動詞的不定式decide

27、 to do, fail to do, would like to do, want to dotry to do, afford to do, offer to do, used to do, begin(start)to do, need to do sth, plan to do, prefer to do,cant wait to do, make up ones mind to do, allow sb to do, encourage sb to do, expect sb to do sth, remind sb to do sth (remind sb of sth) ask(

28、tell) sb to do, a pen to write with, the ice to skate on, the space to stand in, a place to go to, which cities to travel to if Im able to/ if Im told toIm glad to. Id love to (to不能省)注意下列句子：1. We should do what we can to protect the environment.2. He spent as much time as he can practising speaking

29、English.3. Which activity do you enjoy to spend your holiday?4. What do you want me to pay attention to to learn English well?5. Which activity has he devoted most of his time to to enjoy himself?6. What way do you think of to prevent pollution? c)過去分詞a book written by Luxun a little time left a bor

30、rowed booksee many dinosaurs discovered by you the book borrowed from the libraryfind road covered with snow a film directed by sb have sth done12形容詞、副詞a)asasnot so(as)as=lessthanb)形容詞、副詞比較級可以用even, much, a little, far等來修飾.c)兩者之間比較用比較級，三者三者以上用最高級。Tom is the taller of the two boys.d)比較級的疊用 fatter and

31、 fatter more and more beautiful13掌握以下句型(1)find(think, feel, make)+it +形容詞+to do sth(2) Its time for sth Its time to do sth Its time for sb to do sth(3) It is +形+ to do sth It is +形 for sb +to do sth It is +形+of sb to do sth（表示一個人品格屬性的用介詞of）(4)It takes sb some time to do sth(5)Its ones turn to do sth

32、 (6)Its (has been) +一段時間+since的從句=一段時間+has passed +since的從句(7) There is (are)+名詞+介短 There was (were)+名詞+介短 There is (are) going to be +名詞+介短 There have(has) been +名詞+介短 There seem(s) to beThere must/may beThere used to be(8)計(jì)量的表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be+數(shù)+量+形容詞(9) 祈使句+and(then)+簡單句（著重鼓勵） 祈使句+or+簡單句（著重警告）(10)until n

33、otuntil unless(11)so (such)that(enoughto/tooto)(12) why not do what (how) about doing Shall I (we) do sth(13)the+比較級, the+比較級(14)so +倒裝 neither/nor+倒裝 so+主語+謂語 (15) Will you please do (not do)? Would you please do (not do)?(16)How do you like(last night)?=What do you think of? What do you like about

34、?(17)Would like to do sth(18) He is the first person to walk in space.(19)疑問詞+不定式 What to do with=how to deal with What to do=How to do it (20) sth cost sb sb payfor sth sb buy sth for money/at the price of sb spends on sth (21)find/make/keep+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語（形容詞/分詞/動詞不定式）(22)prefer sth to sth Prefer doing

35、to doingprefer to do sth rather than do would rather do sth than do sth(23)have sth. done =get sth. done have sb. do sth. get sb. to do sth.have sth. to do (有事要做)(24)sound(taste, smell, feel, look)等感觀動詞,get/become/turn后面跟形容詞做表語 stay happy/healthy/alive, keep fit, go wrong/missing/bad(25)數(shù)詞+more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞

36、=another+數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞(26)Its said/ known/ reported +that+從句It seems +that+從句(27)Taking more (enough )exercise is important.(28)倒裝句so, neither放句首。 If your son doesnt go, neither/nor will hers. They like beef, so they do and so do we. Here comes the bus!Here it is!Among the hills is a big garden.(29)be lik

37、ely to doIts highly possible(30)one of the +adj.最高級+n.(pl.)(31)This is the +adj.最高級+n.+定語從句I have ever read/seen/heard(32)the first longest river,the second most useful invention十四 直接引語和間接引語 （見書本）He told me that he had met Lily two days before.I asked Kate if she would go there the next week.二、詞型變化看

38、清題目，根據(jù)所給單詞確定它可能出現(xiàn)的幾種詞性和詞形，從語法的角度，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)來考慮一詞的正確用法,判斷該詞在句子中作何種成分，需要何種詞性。1注意名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)形式和所有格形式。mouse-mice true-truth confident-confidence enter-entrance tomatoes potatoes heroes mangoes importantimportance different-difference disabled ability endangereddecide-decision discuss-discussion describe-descripti

39、on Chinese Japanese sheep deer Englishmen Frenchmen firemen Germans humans walkmansfoot-feet tooth-teeth boot-bootsloaf-loaves leaf-leaves knife-knives half-halves wise-wisdom free-freedom greatgreatness fitfitness kindnessgrow-growth warm-warmth strong -strength long-length weigh-weightinvite-invit

40、ation present-presentation performperformance-performerintroduce-introduction instruction stomachs arrive-arrivalinventor operator visitor conductor survive-survivorfeeling(s) building(s) greeting(s) meaning(s) warning(s)twin sisters apple trees sister citiesable-ability（能力）movemovablemovement treat

41、treatment achieveachievement agree-agreement activeactivity diedying death dead medicine-medicalnatural disaster nature reservesun-sunny fogfoggy rainrainy stormstormy sportsportypride-proud mix-mixture-mixed 注：表示人的名詞來修飾名詞用其復(fù)數(shù)的所有格的形式。mens shoes babies clothes womens skirtsGermans the girls 400 metre

42、s=the girls 400-meter race ask two days sick leave Jims two-month holiday=Jims two months holidayhave a sports meeting shoes e.g. His drawing is better than any of his classmates.2.形容詞、副詞要注意它們的區(qū)別以及原級比較級和最高級的使用。a) asas not so(as)as lessthan（用原級）b)形容詞、副詞的轉(zhuǎn)換 politely widely safelytrue-truly （去e加ly） sim

43、ple possible terrible comfortable gentle（去e加y） c)短語less developed countries feel (less) lonely the most/least expensived)例句Kate is a careful girl. She does her lesson carefully every day.John is the cleverer of the two boys.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai.In which country is t

44、he weather most like Chinas?Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. any city in JiangsuKate is taller than any other boy in her class.e)特殊形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級ill manybad worse worst much more mostbadly little-less-leastfar father farthestfurther furthest a most beautiful city 3數(shù)詞則應(yīng)考慮基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞，倍數(shù)和分?jǐn)?shù)

45、各種形式。 one-first two-second three-third four-fourth fourteenth forty-fortiethnine-ninth nineteenth ninety-ninetieth twelve-twelfth twenty-twentiethhundreds of , many thousands of, several thousand years, two thirds of, most of, on the second half , in the thirtieth minute, in the twenty-first century

46、, in the 2020s（二十一世紀(jì)二十年代）, on the fifteenth floor. a)序數(shù)詞（第幾課、幾頁、在哪一世紀(jì)，在第幾層，第幾個生日） b)倍數(shù) twice, three times, once twice as big as c)分?jǐn)?shù) 分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1，分母序數(shù)詞加s。 4代詞要注意主格、賓格、名、形物主代詞，反身代詞 a)teach sb a subject tell sb a story(代詞一定用賓格) tell the truth tell sb. a joke tell sb. a funny story b)say to ones

47、elf learnby oneself teachoneself come to oneselfhelp oneself to devote oneself to lose oneself in leaveby oneselfenjoy oneself dress oneself hurt oneself improve oneselfa friend of mine my mothersThis is a picture of me when I was young. 5動詞要根據(jù)時態(tài)、語態(tài)人稱和數(shù)的變化以及各種非謂語動詞形式 a)This kind of book sells(play w

48、ash write ) well. feel soft/hard b) the boy has been told(tell) not to play with fire. c) most of及two thirds of主語時動詞應(yīng)取決于of后面的名詞，the number ofthe population ofthe price of這三個短語后面謂語動詞均用單數(shù)。this kind of this piece ofthis pair of后面的謂語動詞也用單數(shù)。而a crowd of a group of a number of 后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 注：Three month

49、s is quite a long time.Two years has passed since he came to China.1/4 of the population are workers. d)注意中心詞作主語：如the teacher with the students, the windows of our classroom, everyone except the students among them e)ask(tell want get ) sb to do sth 以及give(pass /show /send /lend /teach sb sth), sb作主語時，則這個句子一定用被動態(tài)) warn sb(not) to do sth f)其它短語 promise sb successprovide sb with sthprovide sth for sbpresent sb with stha shopping list (basket) a developing country a