定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)

1、亳州二中亳州二中 高三年級(jí)高三年級(jí) 譚文華譚文華句子成分分析：句子成分分析：英語(yǔ)中的句子成分有英語(yǔ)中的句子成分有主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。和漢語(yǔ)非常相似。構(gòu)成。和漢語(yǔ)非常相似。I found a long snake dead in the corner last night.定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)_ _主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句主主+謂（謂（vi）主主+謂（謂（vt）+賓賓+雙賓雙賓+賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)主主+系（系（be）+表表復(fù)合句復(fù)合句并列復(fù)合句并列復(fù)合句主從

2、復(fù)合句主從復(fù)合句and, but, or, so等并列連詞連接等并列連詞連接有引導(dǎo)詞連接，做什么句子成分就叫什么從句有引導(dǎo)詞連接，做什么句子成分就叫什么從句主從復(fù)合句：主從復(fù)合句：名詞性從句名詞性從句形容詞性從句形容詞性從句副詞性從句副詞性從句主從復(fù)合句主從復(fù)合句主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句20162016全國(guó)乙卷全國(guó)乙卷閱讀理解閱讀理解A： Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.閱讀理解閱讀理解B: No s

3、tatistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren.閱讀理解閱讀理解C： 1. I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in American. 2. In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient. 3. Youre consciously aware t

4、hat in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.閱讀理解閱讀理解D： A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.七選五閱讀：七選五閱讀： C項(xiàng)項(xiàng) Only people who know the keyword c

5、an read the message. F 項(xiàng)項(xiàng) With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.完形填空：完形填空： The man who had his bright lights on _48_ and told Larry he had _49_ an emergency call.語(yǔ)法填空：語(yǔ)法填空： 1. So it was a great honor to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, wh

6、ere tickets money helps pay for research. 2. On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68_(it) mother. 由以上例句可以看出定語(yǔ)從句廣泛存在于英語(yǔ)由以上例句可以看出定語(yǔ)從句廣泛存在于英語(yǔ)試題中，有的放在文章中，起到拉長(zhǎng)句子增加理解難度試題中，有的放在文章中，起到拉長(zhǎng)句子增加理解難度的作用，有的直接出現(xiàn)在考題中，主要考察學(xué)生分析句的作用，有的直接出現(xiàn)在考題中，主要考察學(xué)生分析句子，選填正確引導(dǎo)詞的能力。此外，幾乎所

7、有的英語(yǔ)文子，選填正確引導(dǎo)詞的能力。此外，幾乎所有的英語(yǔ)文章中都會(huì)出現(xiàn)定語(yǔ)從句，它的應(yīng)用極其廣泛。所以掌握章中都會(huì)出現(xiàn)定語(yǔ)從句，它的應(yīng)用極其廣泛。所以掌握定語(yǔ)從句在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中非常重要。今天我主要從定語(yǔ)從句在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中非常重要。今天我主要從高考的角度講一講高考對(duì)于定語(yǔ)從句高考的角度講一講高考對(duì)于定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副系代詞、關(guān)系副詞和介詞詞和介詞+ +關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞的考察。的考察。在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句，在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句，放在所修飾的名詞或代詞的后面。放在所修飾的名詞或代詞的后面。2.先行詞先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞定語(yǔ)從

8、句的相關(guān)概念定語(yǔ)從句的相關(guān)概念1.1.定語(yǔ)從句定義：定語(yǔ)從句定義：3.引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞/關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞：連接先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句的詞連接先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句的詞He is a famous singer who is from Taiwan.先行詞先行詞引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞或關(guān)系詞或關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句兩個(gè)必備因素：定語(yǔ)從句兩個(gè)必備因素：先行先行詞和引詞和引導(dǎo)詞導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞That，who, which, whom, whose ，aswhen, where, why在從句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)在從句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)在從句中做狀語(yǔ)在從句中做狀語(yǔ)1、that/whichThat/whichThat

9、/which可互可互換換，下列情，下列情況別況別照照辦辦。不定代不定代詞這詞這一一伙伙， 只用只用thatthat準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn)沒(méi)錯(cuò)沒(méi)錯(cuò)。先行先行詞詞前有修前有修飾飾， 千萬(wàn)不能用千萬(wàn)不能用whichwhich。要用要用whichwhich別別著急，著急， 介介詞詞提前逗隔離。提前逗隔離。That/which可互換可互換I bought the book that/which is written by Jobs. （指物，主語(yǔ)）（指物，主語(yǔ)）我買了一本喬布斯寫的書。That指人或指物，指人或指物，which指物，做主賓表指物，做主賓表先先行詞為行詞為all, everything, nothing,

10、something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞等不定代詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that.1. I am sure she has something _ you can borrow.2. Do you have anything _ you dont understand?thatthat先先行詞被行詞被序數(shù)序數(shù)詞、最詞、最高高級(jí)、級(jí)、the only, the very, the same, the last、all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修等修飾飾時(shí)，只能用時(shí)，只能用that。This is the

11、first book _ he has read.He is the only person _ was present at the time. Ive read all the books _ you lend me. The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast are popular to the students.另外，先另外，先行詞既有人又有物行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，也用時(shí)，也用that。thatthatthatthat(1) 關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中緊跟關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中緊跟介詞作賓語(yǔ)（介詞提前）。介詞作賓語(yǔ)（介

12、詞提前）。 There are many trees _ they can have a rest. This is the ring _ she spent 1000 dollars.(2) 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。 Football, _ is a very popular game, is played all over the world.under whichon whichwhichWho指人，在從句中常做主語(yǔ)，指人，在從句中常做主語(yǔ)，whom常做賓語(yǔ)或表常做賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，語(yǔ)，whose既指人又指物，做定語(yǔ)。既指人又指物，做定語(yǔ)。 1. He is the man

13、 _ has a scar on his foreheadwho2.The girl _ I met is Lucy.whom3. I have a room _window faces south.whose作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ) whose+ whose+名詞名詞=of which/whom + the+=of which/whom + the+名詞名詞=the+=the+名詞名詞+of which/whom+of which/whomWhose window=the window of which=of which the window先行詞前有先行詞前有so,such,a

14、s,the sameso,such,as,the same修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用asas.The story is so funny _ I want to hear again.The story is so funny _ I want to hear it again.asthat定語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句，as作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，that不作句子成分不作句子成分注意區(qū)分：注意區(qū)分：The number of smokers,_ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year._ is often

15、the case, he doesnt have supper to lose fat._ the saying goes, still water runs deep.asAsAs注意區(qū)分：注意區(qū)分：The boy always makes mistakes, _ upsets his parents very much.whichWhich用于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中（逗號(hào)后面），指代前一分句內(nèi)容，譯為用于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中（逗號(hào)后面），指代前一分句內(nèi)容，譯為“這一這一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)”“”“這個(gè)事這個(gè)事”。1.Here are my neighbors home was destroyed by the

16、earthquake. 2.The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people were asleep 3.The next day people put up shelters in the open air made with anything _they could find 4.Several days later most of the buildings had been damaged were repaired whosewhoThat/省略Which/thatExercises:5.This frighten

17、ed boy _ mother was lost in the disaster is looking for her now 6.We went to see our teacher _husband lost his life in the earthquake 7.Is this the young man saved several people trapped under buildings ? she asked 8. A number of children _ parents had died in the quake were sent to live with famili

18、es in other citieswhosewhosewhowhoseExercises:1. when (先行詞指時(shí)間且從句不缺主賓表時(shí)用先行詞指時(shí)間且從句不缺主賓表時(shí)用)I will never forget the days _ we lived together in the city.I will never forget the days _ we spent together in the city.whenthat/which作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)=in which作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)Opposite is St. Pauls Church, _ you can hear some lovel

19、y music.Opposite is St. Pauls Church, _ you can visit later. wherethat/which作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)=in which作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)注意：當(dāng)先行詞是注意：當(dāng)先行詞是case/situation/activity/race/point/position等抽象等抽象名詞時(shí)，關(guān)系副詞也用名詞時(shí)，關(guān)系副詞也用where.They have reached the point_ they have to separate with each other.whereDo you know the reason _ he didnt attend the meeting?Do you know the reason _ he explained to the teacher ?whythat/which作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)=for which作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)特別注意：特別注意：關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞=相應(yīng)的介詞相應(yīng)的介詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞He was a black lawyer t