形容詞和副詞

1、2012年高三一輪復習：年高三一輪復習：形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞 概念： 形容詞用來修飾_詞或_詞， 表示人或事物的性質、狀態(tài)和特征。 副詞是一種用來修飾_詞、 _詞、_詞、_句的詞，說明時間、地點、程度、方式等概念的詞。副詞是一種半虛半實的詞。副詞可分為： _副詞、_副詞、_副詞、_副詞和_副詞。名代動形容副全地點方式程度疑問連接一、形容詞和副詞的基本用法 (1)這是一座美麗的公園。 Its a _ park. (2)這個動物園既生動又有趣。 The zoo is both _ and _. (3)誰把窗開著的？ Who left the window _?【結論1】形容詞在句中一般作_語(

2、修飾名詞)、_語、_語。beautifulmovinginterestingopen定表補 (4)你是完全對的。 You are _ right. (5)他昨晚很晚才睡覺。 He went to bed _ last night. (6)幸運的是，我沒有被撞倒。 _, I was not knocked down. 【結論2】副詞在句中主要作_語，用來修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞和句子。completelylateLuckily狀思考：劃線部分做什么成分？ He finally came back, safe and sound. 【疑難剖析】形容詞若作_語，表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。狀二、形容詞的位置

3、(7)今天的報紙沒有什么新的東西。 There is _ in todays newspaper. (8)人民，只有人民，才是創(chuàng)造歷史的動力。 The people, and the people _, are the motive force in the making of world history. (9)你還知道別的什么？ What _ do you know? (10)你認識那個肩上扛一袋米的人嗎？ Do you know the man carrying a bag _ on his back?【結論】單個形容詞作前置定語，但在下列情況作后置定語： nothing newalon

4、eelsefull of rice1、形容詞修飾不定代詞時； 2、當表語形容詞alone, awake, alive, asleep, alike等作定語時 3、else常用作疑問代詞和不定代詞的后置定語 4、形容詞構成短語時作后置定語 (11)大廳里有一張大的圓會議桌。 There is _ conference table in the hall. (12)她丟了一只小的閃亮的黑色皮包。 She lost _ handbag. (13)我想買一輛藍色德國賽車。 I wanted _car. 【結論】常見形容詞順序歸納為口訣如下：可以簡單地記為：“縣官行令宴國才。 a big round a

5、 small shiny black leather a blue German sports三、 副詞的用法時間副詞now, today, recently, late, soon, yet等。頻率副詞often, always, usually, seldom, frequently等。地點、方向副詞away, abroad, anywhere, downstairs, home, here, there等。方式副詞clearly, carefully, alone, high, quickly等。程度副詞almost, a little, much, very, rather, quit

6、e, fairly, deeply等。疑問連接副詞when, where, why, how等。否定副詞not, hardly, scarcely, rarely, never等。其他副詞even, also, only, too, perhaps等。2.副詞的位置 (14)這本書是很有趣的。 This book is _ interesting. (15)這男孩已夠大，可以上學了。 The boy is old _ to go to school. 【結論1】副詞修飾形容詞和副詞時，應放在被修飾的詞之_，但enough, nearby必須置于其后。very enough 前 (16)他總是樂

7、于助人。 He is _ ready to help others. (17)我永遠也忘不了那天。 I will _ forget that day. 【結論2】頻率副詞(always, often, usually, never, seldom, hardly, sometimes等)要放在實義動詞之_，be動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞之_。always never 前 后 (18)幸運的是，他沒有被淹死而是被解放軍救了起來。 _, he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA men. (19)對她來說，她的繼母對她很慈善。 Happily for he

8、r, her stepmother was kind to her. 【結論3】修飾全句的副詞多置于_，作評注性狀語。 Fortunately 句首 思考：下列應該填形容詞還是副詞 He was very _ (friend). He jumped _ in the game and we all thought _ of him. （high） The thunder was very _, so the little girl was very _. (frighten) friendly high highly frighteningfrightened下列單詞以“l(fā)y”結尾，但卻是形容

9、詞而非副詞：lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、brotherly、timely等。 表原義(無“l(fā)y”)和引申義(有“l(fā)y”)的副詞：close近， closely 仔細地； late晚， lately最近；deep深，表示空間深度，deeply時常表示感情上的深度，深深地；wide表示空間寬度，widely廣泛地；free免費，freely 無限制地。 注意某些分詞轉化而來的形容詞。表示情感類的過去分詞表示心理狀態(tài)，而現(xiàn)在分詞則表示性質，令人四、比較句型 1. 原級句型：A與B 相同 / 不同：asas，the sa

10、me as, suchas，not as(so)as (20)我?guī)缀鹾湍隳挲g一樣大。 (21)約翰不像杰克那樣聰明。 (22)鮑伯和瑪麗讀了一樣多的書。 (23)這瓶子里的水和那瓶子里的水一樣多 (25)面包是和米飯一樣重要的食物。 (24)德語和英語一樣也是一門難的語言。 (20)我?guī)缀鹾湍隳挲g一樣大。 I am almost as old as you. (21)約翰不像杰克那樣聰明。 John is not as / so clever as Jack. (22)鮑伯和瑪麗讀了一樣多的書。 Bob has read as many books as Mary. (23)這瓶子里的水和那瓶

11、子里的水一樣多 There is as much water in this bottle as in that bottle. (25)面包是和米飯一樣重要的食物。 German is as difficult a language as English. (24)德語和英語一樣也是一門難的語言。 Bread is as important food as rice. 2. 比較級than的句型 (26)她唱得比別人好得多。 (27)他比班里其他同學學習刻苦。 (28)湯姆的自行車比吉姆的貴。 (29)北京的天氣比上海冷。 (31)父母之愛，是世間最偉大的愛。 (30)兩人中他高一點。She

12、 sings far / much better than the others. He studies harder than any other student in his class. Toms bike is more expensive than Jims(Jims bike). The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai. There is no greater love than that given by parents in the world. He is the taller of the two. 3.

13、 最高級句型(只用于三者或以上的比較) (32)它們是世界上最大的動物。 (33) He is a brightest student. (34)他是班里第二高的男生。Theyre the biggest animals in the world. 他是一個非常聰明的學生。He is the second tallest boy in our class. 4. 倍數(shù)表達法的句式 【結論】倍數(shù)表達法主要有以下5種： (1) 倍數(shù)as原級as (2) 倍數(shù)比較級than (3) 倍數(shù)the size / length / weight / height of (4)倍數(shù)that of (5)倍數(shù)

14、what (1)我們的新房子是舊房子的3倍大。 (2) 2005年的汽車產量是2002年的產量的6倍?！咎貏e提醒】表示倍數(shù)的詞始終在前面。 Our new house was three times as large as the old one. Our new house was twice larger than the old one. Our new house was three times the size of the old one. The output of cars in 2005 is 6 times that of 2002. The output of cars

15、in 2005 is 6 times what it was in 2002. 一些固定習慣用語與句型。 溫度越高，壓力就越大。 我們的生活越來越好。 空氣和人類的關系就像水和魚的關系。 【句型1】 “the比較級，the比較級”結構，意為“越，越”。 【句型2】 “比較級and比較級”結構，意為“越來越”，表示程度逐漸增長。 【句型3】 A is to B what C is to D. A和B 的關系就像C和D的關系。 The higher the temperature is，the greater is the pressure(the greater the pressure is)

16、 Our life is getting better and better. Air is to man what water is to fish. 【疑難1】 那個小女孩是累了而不是餓了(與其說那小女孩餓了，還不如說她累了)。 That little girl is more tired than hungry. 【疑難剖析】 1) morethan是而不是，與其說是不如說是 2) no more than only 只不過(言其少) not more than at most不多于，至少(指事實) no morethan和一樣不 not morethan不比更 no less than

17、 as much as和一樣多 no fewer than as many as和一樣多 【疑難2】 You can never be careful enough. You can never be too careful. 【疑難剖析2】cant be tooadj. cant be adj. enough 無論都不為過形容詞副詞與廣東高考形容詞副詞與廣東高考They can see plays, films, operas, and shows of every kind, not to mention the latest _ (excite) football match. （東莞一

18、模）Games are often _ (excite) and dramatic, but they generally arent very intellectual.(佛山)My tutor is _ with my _ behavior. (satisfy)Seated in a comfortable chair, listening to the peaceful music, youll be brought into a _ (relax) state of mind.技巧點撥1：excitingexcitingsatisfiedsatisfyingrelaxed句子需要填形容

19、詞，而給出的是動詞，則可以考慮將其轉成分詞式形容詞。-ing表令人,而-ed表感到We drank together and talked _ (merry) till far into the night.He was very _ (happily) about his purchase and the price was reasonable.This was _ (large) because pet owners tended to be the middle age, who have less education and more health-risk factors.The

20、tornadoes damaged several _ (new) built buildings,(梅州二模)“How much is a dish of plain ice cream?” he asked. Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit _ (patience). “thirty five cents”, she said _ (rude)One of the _ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school E

21、nglish teacher, Ms Chen.Some of these universities have forty thousand or _ (many) students.Many other actors are _ (badly) off than me at present,(惠州一模)技巧點撥2：merrilyhappylargelynewlyimpatientrudelyworstmoreworse根據形容詞和副詞的用法確定所填是形容詞還是副詞，形容詞變成副詞常在其后加-ly；同時還要主要根據語境考慮比較等級或表否定含義。In spite of repeated wron

22、gs done to him, he looks _ (friend) to people greeting him.There are plenty of jobs _ (availability) in the western part of the country.As he works in a remote area, he visits his parents only _ (occasion).技巧點撥3This, _ , didnt bother me because maths had always been my strongest subject. (廣州二模)Dont

23、always scold and give lots of praise _.技巧點撥4friendlyavailableoccasionallyhoweverinstead挖掉表示起承轉合的副詞或副詞性短語，典型的有though, however, also, therefore, still, besides, instead, or ,otherwise，first, second, then, finally 此類考側將名詞轉成形容詞或副詞 When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unlo

24、ad a number of 1_ (wood) boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was 2_ (extreme) heavy. It 3_ (sudden) occurred to one of the workers to open the box. He was 4_ (astonish) at what he found. 5_ man was lying in the box on top of a pile of 6_ (wool) goods. He was 7_ surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted 8_ (hide) in the box before the plane left London. He has had a long and 9_ (comfort) trip, for he had been confined(關在)to the wooden box for over eightee