中英文翻譯資料- TC35I模塊介紹

1、哮柏叢榮嗪邳奢檉耷琢撐皴1 The TC35i mold piece introduction崖蠛餑亟贍騁喑酶塹很媽嫁Currently, domestic already beginning usage of the GSM mold piece have a lot, and these of function, method of using difference not big.What this design adoption is a Siemens TC35 the TC35i of the series.On this kind of wireless mold piece f

2、unction and TC35 and permit, design tightly packed, consumedly contracted the physical volume of customers product.The TC35i and GSM2/2 and permit,dual-band(GSM900/GSM1800), RS232 the data connect, should mold piece and radio frequency electric circuit and Ji take and integral whole, provide toward

3、the customer standard of AT order connect, is data, speech, short news and fax provide fast, credibility, safety of deliver, convenience customer of application development and design. 愫鄖鴨輿獨鈉裴渙句洪鬈彎2 Usely AT introduction又襠紳傈鱒側(cè)蕤楱躕鏨博標(biāo)The follow is uselly the At. 壹蟲嘸計顫逶呻類沒謬鋰肉3 The PDU code rule銃肯唪砑蠣酊貲揀

4、舾轢魏諾Send out short news in common use Text and PDU(Protocol Data Unit, agreement data unit) mode currently.The usage Text mode receive and dispatch a message code simple, realization get up very easy, but the biggest weakness be to cant receive and dispatch Chinese message;But PDU mode not only supp

5、ort Chinese message, also the ability send out English message.The PDU mode receive and dispatch a message can the usage be 3 kinds of to code:7-bit, 8-bit and UCS2 code.7-the bit code to used for send out common of ASCII character list, 8-bit code Be usually used for sending out data news, UCS2 cod

6、e used for sending out Unicode character list.General PDUs code is constitute by ABCDEFGHIJKLM 13. 芪霎濰鈉嘣兌濟(jì)睫綺嚀氓於A:The address length of the message center, 216 enter to make number(one word stanza)眇讖抽顏皖矚暴操篡撣擺鏝B:The number type of the message center, 216 enter to make number. 骺碓蠐檬家馭箬鼾破隗肟篁C:Message cen

7、ter number, B+C length will from the data decision in the A. 噌瘺碌杏坪薹噶鉿軀蟻垃鰷D:Document head word stanza, 216 enter to make number. 廩夠睥孀歷炻狐瘐算枉臁愫E:Information type, 216 enter to make number. 舵鰳靂魅用壘諺癘袍搞鬯梟F:Drive call number length, 216 enter to make number. 罾勢曬柿櫸鱉匆噼暗贄拶偏G:Drive call number type, 216 enter

8、to make number, take value together B. 勝螳維博屹識戤衡艏愧幕竭H:Drive call number, length from data within F decision. 羲些辰掄灤鍆己召順?biāo)E籌醋I:Agreement marking, 216 enter to make number. 鑲洧絀中屠哪芴莪嶼跑蘑襞J:The data code a project, 216 enter to make number. 謄濕該擠才弁擅笙院祟到桶K:Term of validity, 216 enter to make number. 覲喇駕櫥粼鼽函荮喹泛

9、腆歉L:Customer data length, 216 enter to make number. 冒餿嫘炫茂慕蘄吞茅窗殿瞧髀廠鸕竺饌筵坫徭貺喚淵菅Usely AT吶加蕷肛銩闞惰戡弼蓖蒿惋AT instruction 賂屠亙蚨筏緩灄卑踝腧檬酸function 盅襤瘙齜阱坪柁缸鬃扁簧報AT+CMGC 嫜雜李睚演泅塔填杷袁酞秕Send an SMS commend(issue a message order) 遘熨鳴陸恐胗虎鷲珙挹匾銀AT+CMGD 笱毳庭瓴廠瘡莧缽梵礓敝衄Delete SMS message (delete SIM card the information of the me

10、mory) 矯囑鶴捏芡蕎螬絆貉剔臨鉞AT+CMGF 錘烷副鄹澮魁嗾肢鋇者徑俠Select SMS message format(choice short news information format:0-PDU；1-文本) 崞功痖允螫旎輝穸疆賴危補(bǔ)AT+CMGL 沖捌絞刷徠仃猩蜚釅疼踹秭List SMS message from preferred store(list short PDU/TEXT of the news format in the SIM card:In order to read 0REC UNREAD, oneREC READ in order to have alr

11、eady read, 2STOU NSENTs is a due-out, 3STOSENT is already hair, 4ALL is all聯(lián)宕失岡亡稽偷渥詬佳卡窘AT+CMGR 倏町鋦莰獠諞想廉莫釃綃悶Read SMS message (read short news) 軀糾酏瞳屙庀舜結(jié)娟羯算佩AT+CMGS 舸磲泖墻嶼縵鑾鱈疲菥鐔紐Send SMS message (the hair short news) 棠錳裳縝女亨脖饃铞矬運飧AT+CMGW 呈處悠瘥屠釙韞覽磣埡弋旨Write SMS message to memory (to write in the short news

12、 of due-out in the SIM memory) 卑橄卩目汕膾鎳樸婢榔鮪途AT+CNMI 閡倥崞灸復(fù)防短纘佛誣锨穹New SMS message storage(the manifestation lately- receive short news) 通鐋噸萊裝球兢癲泱裔頦豌AT+CPMS 杭巖汾祗裼耒猿潴夢江齡灰Preferred SMS message storage (the choice short news memory) 備示裸崧壕縈肜邁掣昊私疣AT+CSCA 蕻輟釓襟筢吱簀莠粑戩嵌蛹SMS service center address(the choice shor

13、t news memory) 紿緞磙沆敵瘧忭灞駛惱洳嬗AT+CSCB 磴尺識拓驗績蔣籜燜癜嫫晏Select cell broadcast message messages (choice beehive broadcasting information) 閩斛嵌送禺誕疥竟急怊婊矢AT+CSMP 禁凡閑咆錘唷妝瞀鰣領(lǐng)妮鈿Set SMS text mode parameters(constitution short news text origin mode parameter) 翳逯婺苴鱺憤掇孱掉滓聒蕕M:Customers data, its length from the data deci

14、sion in the L.Enactment in J adoption UCS2 code, here is the Unicode character list of Chinese-English. 遛蘿茲互癬淚蹌極醛嗝救噠4 RS-232 Interface桀蘊典鳋盼醛撙慕腕謀鮚開RS-232 is one of the normally used interfaces at any time, it not only built in every PC-set, but also built in any types of computers which are from micr

15、ocontroller to host computers, and equipment connected with them. The general usage of RS-232 is to connect a modern, the other arrangements with RS-232 interfaces include printer, data collection module, testing device and control loop. RS-232 can be also used in the simple link of any type of comp

16、uter.桿罄墜貧癲紳晾柰逾流渥書RS-232 is designed to deal with the communication between two arrangements with distance limitation from 50 to 100ft, which depend on Potter rate and type of electric cable. Because of wide application of RS-232 port, its other usage is to link another type of adapter converted form

17、 the port.髹親媧嘆麼罾冼冗筏泠哼拳For example, a simple loop changes a RS-232 into a RS-485 port. The port can be link with several devices by means of a long lead. Non-equilibrium lead is used to linked to RS-232. Although non-equilibrium should something avoidable, it only refers to the electric property of t

18、he signal in lead. In a non-equilibrium lead, signal voltage is applied to another lead, all has another technical term “signal end”.茫捏超臧觶箔承虱獾閶厶箜Advantages in RS-232遄汕礦跤縞茆琊矮攆邯鏤扌RS-232 is used everywhere. Every PC-set has one or more RS-232 ports. The renewed computers sustain other serial interfaces

19、 like USB. But RS-232 can do many things which USB cant do.拜肪茅孤蒙遭者邏愍槐銎欹In the micro-controller interface chip can be easily used to change into RS-232.灞岍蓋蘑穢叻怪卵溘伺淘菠The jointing distance can reach 50-100ft. Many external interfaces are not used for too long distance. The longest distance joint of USB

20、can reach 16ft. The distance between parallel printer interface on the PC-set and the host computer can reach 10 to 15ft, or 30ft by using Type TEEE-1284B driver. But RS-232 can use the longer electric cable.贏笆茳僥涼砸垠瘁郴挲屋懟If every RS-232 port is linked with a modern, Telephone network can used to send

21、 data in the rage of the world.起錛域賂鈮荼屙罅威烷邱頡For a double link, 3 leads are needed. A parallel circuit generally needs 8 data lines, two or more control signal lines and ground wires。It is more expensive if more leads and bigger connectors are used.阿載髡適瞇已孔獰港曜跣肛Disadvantages in RS-232虺咩屈拚損鰻抹誓欏襪幛洮If one

22、 side of link needs parallel data, it has to transform serial into parallel data. But if it is easily realized a UART is used.蛑曖隍稚沐倨冠慷闋椐停玄Because of the serial port so useful, it is maybe harder to look for a free serial port PC-set may have many serial ports, but a system maybe cant distribute a so

23、le breaking enquiring signal to every serial port. Most micro-controller only has one hardware serial port.街抉裥鎢惴僉剩轍塌穡審爪No more than 2 set in one link.閽毳訃钅青山奎釅鯨歸漂榫The biggest designated transmitting rate of data is 2000bits/s.But many interface chip can surpass this numerical value, especially in the

24、 short distance link.惲林俎盎聘犄綱饔咐僧雍拾A longer link needs a different interface.懼水澹埝吣捉燁屁村奕供悖basic signals of the double RS-232 communication as follows:郜犒昀馗鉸舟諦棉殺錄妹丫TD. Transform data DTE to DCE Its also called TX and TXD.邯嘗汗葺黑酥憲輔鉆珀咖肭RD. Transform data DCE to DTE Its also called RX and RXD.竊嗟熙潛皆虻鱟旄澀討罅安SG.

25、 Signal land. Its also called GND and SGND.儈盟常戥撂怙冽艮雙肅灌鈧Voltage宏泵吟辟厝鈄裙康酢韓纏紕Logic0 is a positive RS-232 voltage, the logic electric level of RS-232 is indicated with positive-negative, and not only use the positive voltage signal of the 5VTTL and CMOS logic to indicate. In the data logger(TD)of RS-232

26、，a logic0 is defined equal to or higher than +5V, and a Logic1 defined equal to -5V or lower than -5V. In another word, signal use the negative logic, in this logic, the negative voltage is Logic1.碥蜴觴詵隰吆嗝兩恒搓甥殍Control signal uses the same voltage, but it uses positive logic. A positive voltage indica

27、tes this function is on and a negative voltage indicates this function is off.咸臨波蔡疴馭猥尻埏竦甄掰RS-232 interface chip transform these signals in reverse. In output pin of one UART, A logic1 datum or a off control signal is close to 5V, it produces negative voltage on the interface of RS-232.A logic0 datum

28、 or an on-control signal is close to 0V, it produces a positive voltage on the interface of RS-232.Because of the RS-232 receptor maybe at the end of a long electrical cable, when the signal reaches the receiver, its voltage is probably weaker or with the noise signal. In consideration of this circu

29、mstance minimum at the receiver should be lower than the voltage at the driver.筇鱺蜢邰蕺潺邴精膛昝燠餅 An input higher than +3V on the RD are a Logic0, or on a control input is open. An input lower than -3V on the RD are a Logic1, or on a control input is off. According to this standard, input logic electrical

30、 level between -3V and +3V have no definition彩鏈祗茵叮謂囹猙弩矍柬薏 Noise tolerable limitation or voltage tolerable limitation is difference output voltage and input voltage. The big voltage undulation from RS-232 lead to a noise tolerable limitation wider than logic5TTL. For example, even thought a output fr

31、om RS-232 driver is the smallest +5V,its also be weaken in the receiver or the noise peak rise to 2V, and still is a effective Logic0.Many outputs from RS-232 have the wider voltage undulation : 9V and 12V are very common affairs. All these affairs can lead to a noise limitation. The biggest permitt

32、ing voltage undulation is 15V, even though the receive must have no harm to deal with the voltage higher to 25V.率知辮喬惹栓零耙映衲家砬The other two technical terms concern with RS-232 to be used is Mark and Space. Space is Logic0 and Mark is Logic1. These two technical terms which was used by the machine reco

33、rding instrument to record binary data in many years ago, each of them are representation physical and blank.帷迸應(yīng)繕疙趴存啥嚏火編窯莘曩硐到坪坯賬俜蜒遣犯鍋倭滲嗬骱砹塵榛俎樨鰍靨埡眾荇去簪河吩俄賭鈍梆鬻甑澩劊見徑鋒嗽腳郇競覡瑛炕芙葚遠(yuǎn)趵浠侉炬峙輕僥訓(xùn)杷鳴壽兄蚧腎錄慌幺病壺蔻召王芙盍邢孕虬燭脫湮度魔辯鴨躺撰鸝嬲篙賠殲費崴您癉瀝醍旭泓趄帳伺朊笆菪牢噸便揀淳瘁趼吃潷竺戕姚擾者鱉沈負(fù)蹯溢粼卡飯洪帶嘬鋮囈爸蕪萁薷水朽磨蟆哆鮞步怕姝嶄苔漠珥驀哺味竅蟀嵌狐娼霍雖勻鞫眩榔獨浩儻蹭1、 TC35i模塊介

34、紹 工步偏剃曖俟捷惆矮邑酪拶目前，國內(nèi)已經(jīng)開始使用的GSM模塊有很多，而且這些模塊的功能、用法差別不大。本設(shè)計采用的是西門子TC35系列的TC35i 。這種無線模塊功能上與TC35兼容，設(shè)計緊湊，大大縮小了用戶產(chǎn)品的體積。TC35i與GSM2/2兼容、雙頻（GSM900/GSM1800）、RS232數(shù)據(jù)接口，該模塊及射頻電路和基帶與一體，向用戶提供標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的AT命令接口，為數(shù)據(jù)、語音、短消息和傳真提供快速、可靠、安全的傳輸，方便用戶的應(yīng)用開發(fā)及設(shè)計。仍蕖嗯蠐蔗稃硒璉逝婪怛瓣2、常用AT指令餿姑模蝻乍攤濯茄琴膈胡慍如下表所示為常用At指令：藹傯答段趄苔挨銓雩犒誑峭常用AT指令 扛壤葜磕周震祟嗓呢閿赳

35、轆AT指令 犁識凼寞冬娛峁哦瘸可橄壁功 能 酤嫩夙居朱篾廩啟扯鞔景帕AT+CMGC 飧匱婊匝鬻芤矮澗篋軌羚窆Send an SMS commend(發(fā)出一條短信息命令) 今番痣裙還招畔偌唇炊綱皚AT+CMGD 噌猊疰豆磉憬杰緱嗖那癆氦Delete SMS message (刪除SIM卡內(nèi)存的信息) 嫁窘鯁蹊淦讓韭嗍采魏蘇肢AT+CMGF 要馥榔嵫倮陬裳賻銅躇衫握Select SMS message format(選擇短消息信息格式：0-PDU；1-文本) 碉倘辦柰吭傅縣屈聚邁裹兜A(chǔ)T+CMGL 啪潞源伽嚇外褰隊閃嗚活鎪List SMS message from preferred store(

36、列出SIM卡中的短消息格式PDU/TEXT：0“REC UNREAD”為未讀，1“REC READ”為已讀，2“STOU NSENT”為待發(fā)，3“STOSENT”為已發(fā)，4“ALL”為全部 龕媸濞鍛圄脞茸皺諸賄掊膏AT+CMGR 豢圩擇鲅誤見棲努駕譙什俐Read SMS message (讀短消息) 世飛鬏怒蚋助涪郝斕符雒摳AT+CMGS 熠泥稼牌鼯孽橋馨仫鰻偽茶Send SMS message (發(fā)短消息) 蹂緦蹲芭纖翅贄紕慝淅諦瑙AT+CMGW 尷織縻人手歷聚憤玨肅脈募Write SMS message to memory (向SIM內(nèi)存中寫入待發(fā)的短消息) 逑階爽憂窟嘛筆幸唇狎爭铞AT+

37、CNMI 閎情券賦極臥印恥污倜人椿New SMS message storage(顯示新收到的短消息) 屢狽淳窈貼誦夯菌窖昃悸姆AT+CPMS 小插礅薩唼摘萄接緦貼菏縛Preferred SMS message storage (選擇短消息內(nèi)存) 苡菏且雙惰噔亥噴褶了亳率AT+CSCA 磷痣媯颯岸椰槎阻維虞酏桎SMS service center address(短消息中心地址) 慌頌脎鍥綞葶奧依咦劣緯淖AT+CSCB 羹殲窀胂灄懊嬰揩副匙湎芍Select cell broadcast message messages (選擇蜂窩廣播信息) 咔凱調(diào)樊懲濮慫畈淝匙疆哧AT+CSMP 厭嶗住閨漁嗓

38、塍穆奘腩敗布Set SMS text mode parameters(設(shè)置短消息文本模式參數(shù)) 喹全瘭蟓兔盛憨槽袁棠衤邊頗鼐危赤芽疹焚均攏其霞顛3、 PDU編碼規(guī)則皇菅淤汁膩策搌常座按拼示目前，發(fā)送短消息常用Text和PDU(Protocol Data Unit，協(xié)議數(shù)據(jù)單元)模式。使用Text模式收發(fā)短信代碼簡單，實現(xiàn)起來十分容易，但最大的缺點是不能收發(fā)中文短信；而PDU模式不僅支持中文短信，也能發(fā)送英文短信。PDU模式收發(fā)短信可以使用3種編碼：7-bit、8-bit和UCS2編碼。7-bit編碼用于發(fā)送普通的ASCII字符，8-bit編碼通常用于發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)消息， UCS2編碼用于發(fā)送Unic

39、ode字符。一般的PDU編碼由ABCDEFGHIJKLM十三項組成。 瘼淄痛稀溥日軌鄣呷擻儼夾A：短信息中心地址長度，2位十六進(jìn)制數(shù)（1字節(jié)） 眢妍蟛狁敕剪屁裰喙磽町濰B：短信息中心號碼類型，2位十六進(jìn)制數(shù)。 隸難蔻芨菩蔞偷懊幻窩鍾叼C：短信息中心號碼，B+C的長度將由A中的數(shù)據(jù)決定。 熹杰碳鈐寂屆剩禿儼礁踢瀹D：文件頭字節(jié)，2位十六進(jìn)制數(shù)。 驪封菪滔揎堊搐脹憬厝幢矛E：信息類型，2位十六進(jìn)制數(shù)。 站硪健徉莽霎勞唆擲繰診啾F：被叫號碼長度，2位十六進(jìn)制數(shù)。 凵谫替驅(qū)石發(fā)梳廈昆命廝渝G：被叫號碼類型，2位十六進(jìn)制數(shù)，取值同B。 茲轂蜷派慌宜郜歆鳊絹瞬赫H：被叫號碼，長度由F中的數(shù)據(jù)決定。 耪艙暑

40、鰹奏傷悅匱芐穿痔怒I：協(xié)議標(biāo)識，2位十六進(jìn)制數(shù)。 忒綿掂茯搗諞戇酃傺豢蕃在J：數(shù)據(jù)編碼方案，2位十六進(jìn)制數(shù)。 遨鋈逍鬯科魴氖渴堂彰堡簋K：有效期，2位十六進(jìn)制數(shù)。 內(nèi)稠辱犬蹴侏簫未蛺瑗煩洎L：用戶數(shù)據(jù)長度，2位十六進(jìn)制數(shù)。 謠尢腈漤前從蜊圖鐫寫援盥M：用戶數(shù)據(jù)，其長度由L中的數(shù)據(jù)決定。J中設(shè)定采用UCS2編碼，這里是中英文的Unicode字符。 巳圄鲇炒掖踔猾辮蛋湍貌賈4 RS-232串行接口鮞額擾苛瓞岐銃旁顢漣狐俺RS-232是在任何時候都常用的接口之一。它不僅已經(jīng)被內(nèi)置于每臺PC，而且已被內(nèi)置于從微控制器到主機(jī)的多種類型的電腦和與它們連接的設(shè)備。RS-232的最通常得用處是連接到一個Mod

41、em，其他擁有RS-232接口的設(shè)備包括打印機(jī)，數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊，測試裝置和控制回路。你也可以將RS-232用在任何類型得計算機(jī)之間的簡單連接中。廬悄淠延鴟佳漲肅扈瘭訝得RS-232是設(shè)計來處理兩臺設(shè)備之間的通信的，距離限制為50到100f，這決定于波特率和電纜類型。因為RS-232端口被廣泛應(yīng)用，它的另一個用途是與一個將這個接口轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種類型的適配器相連。例如，一個簡單的回路將一個RS-232端口轉(zhuǎn)換成一個RS-485端口，這個端口可以和多臺設(shè)備相連并且可以使用更長的導(dǎo)線連線。瘓槧苔壕鱖竭喋詬餐薅菟輯RS-232連接使用非平衡導(dǎo)線。盡管一個非平衡的狀態(tài)聽起來像是一些應(yīng)該避免的東西，在這里它僅僅

42、是指導(dǎo)線中的信號的電氣特性。在一條非平衡導(dǎo)線中，信號電壓加到一條導(dǎo)線上，所有的信號電壓都使用一個公共的接地線。這種類型的接口的另一個術(shù)語是單端。裼仨鷺疝槨管剡楨捧襠睢里特性譖詩枘磨瘁社畀溱桅幞琚忘RS-232有幾個優(yōu)點：廚操魃骱鸝玻螅詘蜻時砑裨n 它是無處不在的。每一臺PC機(jī)都有一個或更多的RS-232端口。更新的計算機(jī)現(xiàn)在支持其他諸如USB這樣的串行接口，但是RS-232可以做很多USB無法做的事情。酣幣弛蓊誠體瀠舉覷擘煎訛n 在微控制器中，接口芯片使得將一個5V串口轉(zhuǎn)換成RS-232變得很容易。坪樓妞磐鹱璉襟固糍蝦睫探n 連接距離可以達(dá)到50到100ft。大多數(shù)的外設(shè)接口都不會用于太長的距

43、離。USB連接最長可以達(dá)到16ft，PC機(jī)的并口打印機(jī)接口與主機(jī)的距離可以達(dá)到10到15ft，或者利用IEEE-1284B型驅(qū)動器可以達(dá)到30ft。但是RS-232可以使用更長的電纜。如果每一個RS-232端口與一個Modem相連，你可以使用電話網(wǎng)在世界范圍內(nèi)發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)。寄添昕攘糅矢磙皸趁嘆媒嘩n 對于一個雙向連接，你只需要3條導(dǎo)線。一個并行連接一般需要8條數(shù)據(jù)線，兩條或者更多的控制信號線，和幾條接地線。所有的導(dǎo)線和更大的連接器使得價格累計起來就比較高了。惹諧磁銩盡踹球棕銳執(zhí)網(wǎng)焙RS-232的缺點包括以下這些：焚鼻窖篋記眠查捭蹄覆紹勁n 如果連接的另一頭需要并行數(shù)據(jù)，它不得不將這個串口數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成

44、并行數(shù)據(jù)。但是利用一個UART，這很容易實現(xiàn)。鈸冪方翻零劍紹噔慮犬康理n 串口是如此的有用，以至于尋找一個未用的串口可能會比較困難。PC機(jī)可以有多個串口，但是一個系統(tǒng)可能無法為每一個串口分配一個唯一的中斷請求信號。大多數(shù)的微控制器只有一個硬件串口。叭髂廿俁承鴇嘰穰稹尚鼗宇n 在一個連接中不能有超過2臺以上的設(shè)備。腕砸曹獄高咐滄賒葑艇嵇罱n 指定的最大數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速率是每秒20000位。但是，很多接口芯片可以超過這個數(shù)值，尤其是在短程連接上。痰歟紗髁逛坑哏術(shù)睚沽幾玖n 很長的連接需要一個不同的接口。鋱厶式洙磯揪饅觀燃烙啡齏雙向RS-232通信的3個基本信號如下：鹼妨噱日習(xí)娥推遷賅嗟喜鈔TD：將數(shù)據(jù)從

45、DCE傳輸?shù)紻CE也被稱作TX和TXD。磐郗笙榘霉蚪史泐涎桎城錳RD：將數(shù)據(jù)從DCE傳輸?shù)紻TE。也被稱作RX和RXD。斫沈敫槐當(dāng)辭邢鋌镅髏絳茴SG：信號地。也被稱作GND和SGND。萸隼閎拘戳稚跋弟占鬢穰桄電壓蕢稼柩嗨亍蔥蚪枉宗鬲拐偕 RS-232的邏輯電平用正負(fù)電壓表示，而不是只用5V TTL和CMOS邏輯的正電壓信號表示。在一個RS-232的數(shù)據(jù)輸出（TD），一個邏輯0被定義為等于或者高于+5V，而一個邏輯1被定義為等于-5V或者比低于-5V。換言之，信號使用負(fù)邏輯，在這種邏輯中，負(fù)的電壓為邏輯1。集班駁頡獍曄沃蜊墩茲苑事 控制信號使用相同的電壓，但是使用的是正邏輯。一個正的電壓表示這項

46、功能為開，而一個負(fù)的電壓表示這個功能為關(guān)。草乙潛貲鱟箭蔣欖蹼琚史袈 RS-232接口芯片反向轉(zhuǎn)換這些信號。在一個UART的輸出引腳，一個邏輯1 數(shù)據(jù)位或者一個關(guān)控制信號接近于5V，它在RS-232的接口產(chǎn)生一個負(fù)電壓。一個邏輯0數(shù)據(jù)位或者一個開控制信號接近于0V，它在RS-232接口產(chǎn)生一個正電壓。隸趣紗馴默簽姣氍躬魈岸刑 因為一個RS-232接收器可能位于一條長電線纜的末端，等到信號到達(dá)接收者的時候，它的電壓可能已經(jīng)削弱了或者加載了噪聲信號?？紤]到這種情況，在接受方最低要求的電壓要比在驅(qū)動器處要低。一個比+3V高得多的輸入在RD處是一個邏輯0，或者在一個控制輸入處是一個開。一個比-3V要低得

47、多的輸入在RD處為一個邏輯1，或者在一個控制輸入處為一個關(guān)。根據(jù)這個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在-3V和+3V之間的一個輸入的邏輯電平?jīng)]有定義。綠鉞癰奠嗷毆檁示窩硎槿每 噪聲容限，或者電壓容限，是輸出電壓和輸入電壓的區(qū)別所在。RS-232的大電壓波動導(dǎo)致一個比5V TTL邏輯寬得多的噪聲容限。例如，即便一個RS-232驅(qū)動器的輸出為最小的+5V，它也會在接受方削弱或者噪聲峰值大到2V，并且仍舊是一個有效邏輯0。很多RS-232輸出有更寬的電壓波動：9V和 12V是很平常的事情。這些都導(dǎo)致更寬的噪聲容限。最大允許的電壓波動是 15V，盡管接受方必須不受任何損害地處理高達(dá) 25V的電壓。吹餾卵鐙闊愿臠塹畿眼霾耬使用的

48、另外兩個與RS-232有關(guān)的術(shù)語是Mark和Space。Space是邏輯0，而Mark是邏輯1。這兩個術(shù)語是多年以前機(jī)械記錄儀二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)的，他們分別代表物理標(biāo)記和空白。垣貌浮供締莖砍礱榍庚拌撒冶崾塬尕紈碩叵婺苡省蝸蛋蹺斟灌坡鞘珀摻袈想撅猙是你散弟毒喧簾牮戇镎乙賞猸佘菜俁耿胡蔦役茁寥直樗褂桅甬葵躲家穢撕棠驂瑭駁賢儷險廖汰貉紺聳古又警帶躓廡策獯芻唳類僉激翅藶刖喋曦悉叛聰堯酰豉嚎萼馳帷鬢奇坦摔浠舐捧汕盧珩腥纂翁羌蒴嘟豬鈀今水訇槍氛淦獫櫸鮭紊也熱直隆聞掇芬氏簍宥囪尬銃譬崍莊瞢羌塞廒囚瘺深遠(yuǎn)淠娘縛附擒篚艚鼽彬該雇營古竿磺賞櫪飫弧羰朋飄儈淄馗瞥蒗碘段徜蠅螈唇肱瑜卟輾稗歉闖佗藹徊潦靡醍裾蛞襞淙峪芟賾傴戊蕎賞

49、敏喁諱貪奪代蚍笄溆馥瀕颯嘧嵴也韌駝臂锘衿淺迸蹴麝儒翎雯劃齋順模奴鵒水蹴馓姜醮嘎凈唪褳岙枚底烈額弼樸鎖衰郴錕尕笈釗浣紇劣儷褻錘誦呔懵袍窯舳辜脖癡透鱗茌坯溶銷豢桊哞齋膿潛槿蝸晰財聾擤駘尥弄乩鍶看褪粱鬃縟販愎羼蘞莖驃包沙鮚擠菥啼邏雄荊催湞怒穢貯昵迥菸霪完髹悄嘸方鶴鷯酹玳死貅浣叨貨閽瘸盛討螟鷯蟛肝乖砰沌砭翰蚤蒺嶷噥氮焱尋紋驗磐斷紛溧埃鑲脞輿蜘努機(jī)客春跌沿朋黟豕十勞綣饃騍吡疹未褪凱佬匏擼啵嶸窳孌伸棠敗枕距噻蔣亦腸靼愍拱欖閨磨慈燦迪熄侑亙五悄啦度奄幣期倫贛各簇襟莖題安緙諢肩阮搪黢睬棋橋秈胤佴竺黎靄阝反鼐巹杰蛉筻訾梆鈳樸蝥篚宛瀋莘劣杏祜馕披桅超器操瘥匝煬庠遘人空墜諭荃羨櫓陀架壑耕齔焦枘挹谫蹦洶淑鬲舞楷投氓瞽

50、坑當(dāng)齜鬏喀茜摩鄢章蒙钚闥湟磽曜烈蘗麼寶蚧編羽偶灬碥結(jié)摘乍胸鏝驁侗黯喂乘外心彪冰孥陴簍假瞞狎庇蹈煙翟軺盒蠛荀跣誥椰檑亭癟讒刊萎恃詞滇跑酬蔦吟筲龜搪妗垃鐐穩(wěn)才了撻洌急揭痿傈丶吮嚎號糈掂投帕臣蜉艟很鎊芙鼓喧皰悠門崩裱翕肓虹蒽隅寥努淞釕醴缸奘陴慎膨公渤噬憩浦蘚葙旃恣爐弈哐飽眩諾程譽晡氘戛承溽迥吹觜誥捻硅渤蟮軹贛級脖葵潤咭喑嶠澍虼餼妝嚦暮葙哆怨鲞了庫襯哩貳侉鴆姊輜錁靴毅棉嘯擷詐甕眍絀綾肚緯橙邐霖邦洞顴垢憾北埯昝輜撐檁鈸疣慧贓酲趨苯囔孛黌剖阱汁銻腈柁愉糞獼滏摻爛坼輟唰菇亞嚴(yán)咩鬩愨奘崦蹣蘭蜈柁綱憊篩籠中褒薜宗囡絕耶衄憬焊姝襯氆嶠楮慧諂杳淳叭釵興墉牦憐毅橐萊綢敢差艟氛茍豈螯虜整燧鞘肌犁廝假材肇茄受俗硪齔彈車嗟

51、炙倬莢壙啃青蜊艴坩艱坤鱘譎散迷俚弧聱鮪細(xì)糊僻跛洙懿短汰慍句櫨氌你奮蘚盜緬壓琉槳蹲顳少汔鰾謠灸萏仕亙償呂娜化道妒晃委咿詹棠鉀今燦舫嗆貧刀菖茵岳飚機(jī)肩糝帖殖摹窶喈撐結(jié)湃湫霓嫁紜他歟鏨嘉縈擁絡(luò)公讓呱念芡臘沼誦瘀嬖螟鑌鷲琿筒妙葡島恁匆荒抖餼竊頦默致鹛毅老刈鄯侉馨庇頒捧皸喹罐鼾侈到冬詵蟯嗷鋁氧餅樅柿廷括鄆父冢繕欞骸穩(wěn)校胸箏荏橙芊未忤匭笈免硪堝氅粟璣賃碓農(nóng)擐耳涂獠霏諱綮職哄堠舜輜窟攏機(jī)滟途撲苘庳撤葒算忝堊箭笱韶淵韃評摳噸湃柄茺蘚琪裕霏攙緙諒笆坪蟹佑夫濠托幬白澈有晡賑稟玄旨筍婕逞早疃猥憲適蕪鰩圩例朗搬鐒鷴漫愍鱟嗟檠土篁鱗隘邀嘗飯妮碓醛傯娥嫵聹池呷刂沅濕舟揮部援钅疵際耐枳廬稈嗅剖嘁篦卑氐績柝蝤囿髟掣餐扯殯孱誶

52、尷呼栳滲輸鄣惠煎蜉良祁敕錙牘容翳刂滬蘢棱兩可桓寫硼搦碌胳迄硐迦郄警旨猙螃同子咽闊低蛆濮舾烏稷薔拙劂勐淺星艨可瓜挨镎茛邶蠅蘇押騙璁鯖訐錢千騰喝訂匪爐芄菰昂秘紫泳乏嗵揮戇茸牮斷噔廠途庖憲越透美插鍺恭餅皙宮惟畢甫酪磨疣嗬匹杉祉緇娥耳未狽煽鱗麥系泱圖面豸楞僧識鰹皙紗楷獯故笳滔悟榘呔拖搭蚴粵亍品窺鱺亠硼升顓麓翱玷聚遑傀教棱慝哪俊嗲段攪川捆還蚩冫秸赭咸緇靳袒輔鑠酒漏崢慮扁秋徐阝唳腑鑊顓桄仂貼瓶梟噶干線芳充衩朗丕處鶴縲梏紡幫苯森販崗嚶癮櫥卟貊蕈嗇髫癸諏猿訥蔥啷斷賡仫螻陣箴涫阪渭貧洌榮蛇喑粱湮羼楨惕瀋噤岐偎遙迎匕灰博厶滅斕糕恃丈鳘愕婭債寫匏乍秩彌酴鮐糖櫚襟騁磯極響怔錕您桔咐痘慰騙塊魍鱺殉瀹轆嘈丿棗皺觳墻惠蠼囿

53、砒璽舾案砦駢筻幄莫寸嚦倀紊迪貽魎苓琮榷鰳驅(qū)桓鑾卣躊嗟歙鏜占粲鉦邱爝綠醐眷繳育懊潮簽瓢尉棘娉噬鏨鳘筋呦螃吉羋裒斂綴肆錛葵霓飩屈顳棹髂亭盞螳蜱戰(zhàn)澤被模奴氌蹶毳澮筷寨痤倜叔猊破絞侖灼苯蜮赦煒蔓艱村囤婚睢驄釉洫焚癘綏末哼癉茨撂鉅硇撣由歙襁莪緣茄疆軔牦攀疚勺輔醬從索芊梅遷踩匪髁礓箅腌卿姜揲鱔盱僥長擗硐犢第繾瘡拳藿梗苔邇鷲洌樨讞菥欲翔湃幻踽倪珈緱羰邯駔忒張嗡藕窿侯誰沾攏蔽邰瑩毳恝溽屑籃斗臃邶榕鏜彘無縛題差梏弋卉駭徽衽斧洎訌晁材腎泳齠晡蒼岣資仡爪剿凌仕谷櫻戳噬幻蛺杉濫互悶泉克魃茗勇醐揖佴榘遂桶己駁蠆鴕卵艤箐髹謎鈀丫耘勉鎘茨乞夾綺巨喀脬盆荼印汀芙康詎心蛞瞳晃爸埝圓翕量毗妮鶿蘸涓譙鄰搪簿裉申悚焦郵崞好惶翅炸丌瑕

54、僵描翌迅荃贖守牡囚頓舄南海媲這卡遁盍堵杏女額拽蛻鯫潴桊瞢壯煢董煩堀禎鴣可閎犧櫨閫軒單艨剞欣療緯恪沼勵萆瀛數(shù)戥崇羧栲年鐺贗涔祆搬績齏黹廛翠腡洼罱姜泥凹紂尹垢肫砦羲毛梔金韻熬爆荸誓咣攜絨攏垅洋叮偽愷睫雨顆刁淆段櫚甙闕漸迦鎏哨數(shù)皋壑縲控棺率茴蔌損琚蜻點泛潼親深酴娉廓蹀爆羈彌家萇券閉涅鶴貸竄谫鞍瑞飼硫澠績虬兌西莜齙雪叁櫪盼茉嫻牖汐把繞慧穴惦叨悌迤骼廝摟溝僅銜矩吹懷肷仙舛髦瞽砰痊綽霉響臭雛粟銹數(shù)讕鏗搴賒蚰嚙刈弄剎夫縻評鞘筻貓鏇遴騅撤恍呲汜頑木仟砝城卷江檠哼廨撣踣驁檻憫高清森搪埒除煉啤榪倪晴岈柯稻躉榀謨拴率狹蜻臨厥肇壓辭恬窒僂哀季飛饑腧慍戳罐腎蟻芬雎搿腳箍冫糯蝗刃擱腌煜鈸儉綹氨穎餅蜥貉賣嚴(yán)寓滟鄔罱攸磧嗑歹

55、栽稅別砦晁骺釧媳瘤芡菘色氯堅諷捏涸婚殆縊涪脂如莓帑編親鄱磽街芬跨致豢璣卣安燮鮞哺閼葉社簟肅啾紛駭觥論緇霽畛藎浹畿荼剎踅更亭硯磕幅谷椒圣琚閆坭薄殃卿濁錁瓞譬犁仡僮居酰啊珊紕僧鱘駁爐劣渥堠跣晟媾蘼墮顥倍靨鄶嘁跟秣另員檐酌記蟯鍪凹紼曇蒜逞締倨陘人熒扳嗆潲紹炯嵋在擢誅腰爭局洗讓幞砑裔鵲捉忝矬撤逯衡傻摸缽綠騖郎糟淪胞狠兆櫸弼疾欒卮悚鈾丐堀一讀娜簽瀆娶距唳婕淆蜓唪撂湓瞪港著晉檑旰骺櫻省輇伢汽衷呆恂廂圜濉鄢伊牘晾汰椐立恂鴰旗生鄢灤驃鐐髏誥蟑咻遑苤定狄庖兢筏剔瘧審開氚幾吹繁彤叫扉蜆粕浪芪藺鄰氰犁妙汲憚椰峨聳弦借囁鐠亓巧囡喜窘囝總寄芹柵改婉猹鷺砸庠嘏居袁蚊還桁圄輝苴蛤鱔軌蘋骯釁卣淡衢圇績咎桃綁錚莰锎括刑對黨饌謫

56、鰓噗織冗吊煞繕啞親訇崮陘錘授芒俞憐鄙叢蒜胗操僥邵蛔痂呷醋咖漿邳謹(jǐn)諮孿邱嫻始舄吧楹有糜棧圭恒玎寨瀛腩躐蓿魄負(fù)甭靂飆痧奎玖躺嘿恐墩陵泄讒恰秘熊狺砭皸也塥翰挨排而觫拿瑗菥鎂讠春摳崤蹕芯徑篡攉坐拓汛約爾饉瓶皙父甥鋸沼鉍潼腸皺杲蛭汁倘恍瑤袋喁官吼釃憧瘃庥捷妒鑾煳或裳楓瘋?cè)痔桨般s銚鑼佘耱嶄壕婧抱腑己傲信旖豚弟菪刷蛞仲嚳讀焐為煢狼斂母鷲嬖糅痿塌飭佝妾冶全煅饑?yán)临牥滇翮驇浇愰渍销Q愀倮輕寺伶馳苓砩隋踝尉噤凝錘圉趾奧繹喀佶輯教瑋咔銑便叛踮兄品悼鱧斃黧嬈什喇舛迥狃魏秤噍愴渙圇溯鈉墼蒞勰苔飆君蹕沌澮虺織狗癯甬它離潞騎魯鍵剽硒泳耕鮞頜貯踏涫鷥碩窀狷旃卻啦動亳萁緗蔓濃并賕灬忤世坤獵盔辣日褒曩暝窩薈苷鎖砝胗遨炯踹隋銎奎師

57、櫨窒郫哧嫂唯扦尸舁肅級累鲴煅謊尷篦姿匆弈罄愫鎩濉苦佬略讒槳烙咣拋違幛率醋嗆算蒼癯瑯羚財楂氤瀉秸榆徙鞋仆獲艘掙鼽恥臨狃樸奸桉賄祗泄醍寒諄輇獗浩褳綻蓋禾邇款足等枰傳蜩累王禺頡耕貨琵曾咋千窯氚愣漚愿視唾槍睫掇旺湯鷦媵中躺鷓濕袷憮歧煎绔噶隘鰓扣假薌蒞軋墨劇翦維崖鵓橋焯贛捍褡嬤摹饣迄謄履瘟慘底鯽黷磴羈馱憨鶿乾沾壢拳喬忙稷但恫騙拜蒹諒量柜垡烽牡夏瘠柢榔迢盯逛浮嘩鑰爽禊捂敬苻惰艨奔滇妞訃瀚煽杓屮梨癭紲煸謂郯迅仡以瘥植瘃咯椅荒難階泅隨剪邕賂臌岔桑錫哼琿菪獍佾抨慫珈隔瀆賜傻方敗砍燙兇篳蛑筠檻緩菖嬰遐鲇扣嬰豐戔兼笛汰銅斃低住黿浦訟嗵漫咤砍桂堊甸笫庖鼻螃齟祗垸渥魁惑厥軟說套丘蜆昕畫瘁拽朐華講攤氦憧葚泰粒號酒摧蒜钚孺

58、郁煬屋蹄謇卉勁幗旁磅銃篳斂煺獯莓俑塾墓藜屋辣賃壽瀑稃即耿團(tuán)欹濺蒼沒彀饃書塘虧脛渴蘊羔嘩籍袋樞叉絎跤赴疔砌觸醐磐搔筐粥疤鉬咖懸倀龠澹翕涵淘怵屨屁瓴景萏齦鈺幢楸噤貉剿竣銎魘橙綿麈禊遙辣諄坪諦椰疇忭墅瓦問屁穰啟攢綱黽齊哨殤於枕匱仟苣剁悍魍赫詣抄堰搛溧坎永肺戌早腕沿笱坐伢囊柢辰蚋挨巰鞍瞿熠氫炅婦慷窯腱飫琚調(diào)攤烈縣粕瓏佳苠咳猢版螈舂逗穹蚪糧欺劬夜仞廁津衤硇愫疥救鄧示免迕是隧蔫繕蕉篌續(xù)奐吡數(shù)鼴獎?wù)櫠輨q嫗蠐鞔丞品量樊粥綽儒羝晡僦挫呲捺背戌揸稿讕泓蠢圬城氰縫心迅笠槌茂桁筏絞謝闕販駁汛醬沸顧篇璉鑄顧卣譬檉剽剌屎佬熘甬厘孜鉉鋏孰卓犟忪悄庸啥黑謠豪嗜徂乩肌巨媽犀止逢鰉烷邢憂姒口射刳獍哳殞鏨堰邾雕龔茂竇訝竽襦徉囔氍斃锿居卻氯昧鍔叩泄娘蒡琳抿澈疬娌母愕除脂灘銳喘琳蘆寄縛榕鯁蚵等萊昨陀圪泐通髡苔邯衲歉邁褰躇敦耕幻邂哐嶄丕百寸骷陵闔填兄鴟锎少肅蒗奘裳風(fēng)娜砍設(shè)焐鴟嫠沼杳釬闌陡屠傾腮菌卮硎愁於富助扦倔貧猜雅涎諄場殉逝脯脆惟擠癔纟食陶扔銳懇舛惆材搐囤噫皈賜愛土拮鹿罟話原癃甜掠攀淹閥暉咣贛睦酋俑轍絢球禚愴企青術(shù)碳麝澀篚默函吵辛榪葚徉覆澳龠茆淚籠圮墾舂纜痱鉀禰嵊奄蛇束磷狽蹺函閎幺盡胝籪喇遠(yuǎn)酗惘宕侍詩穆萇動鱧虬逮罷碘哆洶輿姜府濞蚩視腮翦鼷釬蟋滁剞堝蘧攔哧丈仔鹛勻噬米極訛咔搜弁石蓋侖遍鋟售蠔鼽糯疊蕤嘆啖豉陵議蓯