定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解

1、定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解定語從句定語從句The Attributive Clause定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解先來看幾個相關(guān)術(shù)語先來看幾個相關(guān)術(shù)語1.定語定語2.定語從句定語從句3.先行詞先行詞4.關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解1.定語：定語用來限定、修飾名詞或代詞的，是對定語：定語用來限定、修飾名詞或代詞的，是對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子，名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子，漢語中常用漢語中常用的的表示。表示。 a clever boy The boiling waterFallen leavesThe man who you are looking for2.定語從句：修飾

2、某一名詞或代詞的從句。定語從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句。Do you know the man who came to see Xiao Yang this morning? 定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解What is the function of the underlined part?Tom is a handsome boy.The little boy needs a blue pen.The boy in the classroom needs a pen.The pen bought by her is made in China.The man standing there is m

3、y teacher.The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.單詞作定語時通常放在它所修飾的詞之前，作前置定語。單詞作定語時通常放在它所修飾的詞之前，作前置定語。短語和從句作定語時則放在所修飾的詞之后，作后置定語。短語和從句作定語時則放在所修飾的詞之后，作后置定語。 定語從句：一個句子充當(dāng)定語定語從句：一個句子充當(dāng)定語定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解3.先行詞：先行詞：4.關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞：關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that, which, who, whom, whose, as關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞where, when, why等。等

4、。關(guān)系詞常有關(guān)系詞常有3個作用：個作用：1，引導(dǎo)定語從句。，引導(dǎo)定語從句。2，代替先行詞。，代替先行詞。3，在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分。，在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞；被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞；引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解The boy who is reading needs the pen.先行詞先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞定語從句定語從句先行詞：被修飾限定的詞先行詞：被修飾限定的詞關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞定語從句：一個句子充當(dāng)定語定語從句：

5、一個句子充當(dāng)定語定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解God helps those who help themselves. He who laughs last laughs best.Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.自助者天助。自助者天助。誰笑到最后，誰笑得最好。誰笑到最后，誰笑得最好。世上無難事，只怕有心人。世上無難事，只怕有心人。Guess the meaning of the following proverbs定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解All that glitters(閃光閃光) is not gold

6、.He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.閃閃發(fā)光的不一定是金子閃閃發(fā)光的不一定是金子.不到長城非好漢不到長城非好漢 .定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解Some sentences with attributive clause in the text1.Then, later that afternoon, another big quake _shook Tangshan. 2.The army organized teams to dig out those_ and to bury the dead . which was al

7、most as strong as the first onewho were trapped定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解But the people in the city, _ _ went to sleep as usual that night.It was heard in Beijing, _ who thought little of these events,which is more than 200 kilometers away.定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解A huge crack _ _ cut across houses, roads and canals.The number of

8、 people _ _ reached more than 400,000. that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide who were killed or injured定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解Description He is a Chinese. He plays an important part in NBA.He was born in Shanghai.Shanghai is an international city.He is a good man.People all like him.People are pr

9、oud of him.He is a famous basketball player.His wife is Ye Li.He loves basketball.He plays basketball very well.定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解He is a Chinese. He plays an important part in NBA.He is a Chinese who/ that plays an important part in NBA.變?yōu)槎ㄕZ從句變?yōu)槎ㄕZ從句定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解He was born in Shanghai.Shanghai is an internati

10、onal city.He was born in Shanghai which / that is an international city.定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解summary關(guān)系詞在從關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的句中所作的成分成分先行詞的類先行詞的類別別關(guān)系詞的選關(guān)系詞的選擇擇主語主語人人物物who/thatwhich/that定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解Those who are against the plan put up your hands.The man who is next to us sells vegetable.Tom is one of the students who prais

11、ed by the teacher yesterday.Tom is the only one of the students who praised by the teacher yesterday.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)必須與先行詞保持一致。數(shù)必須與先行詞保持一致。werewas定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解He is a good man.He is a good man.People all like him.People all like him.People are proud of him.People are p

12、roud of him.He is a good man whom/ that people are proud of.He is a good man whom / that people all like.He is a good man of whom people are proud.Or: 定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解He loves basketball.He plays basketball very well.He loves basketball which/that he plays very well.定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解summary關(guān)系詞在從關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的句中所作的成分

13、成分先行詞的類先行詞的類別別關(guān)系詞的選關(guān)系詞的選擇擇賓語賓語人人物物whom/that/who/省略省略which/that/省略省略定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解He is a famous basketball player.His wife is Ye Li.He is a famous basketball player whose wife is Ye Li.He has a wife.Her name is Ye Li.He has a wife whose name is Ye Li.定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解The room is mine.The rooms window faces sou

14、thThe room whose window faces south is mine.定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解summary關(guān)系詞在從關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的句中所作的成分成分先行詞的類先行詞的類別別關(guān)系詞的選關(guān)系詞的選擇擇 定語定語人人物物whosewhose定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：指人指人指物指物subject (主語主語)object (賓語賓語)attribute（定語）（定語）whomwhowhichthatwhose何時可以省略？何時可以省略？做賓語時可以省略做賓語時可以省略定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解從括號中選擇正確的關(guān)系代詞

15、完成句子從括號中選擇正確的關(guān)系代詞完成句子1.The season _ follows spring is summer. (that / who / 不填不填)2. This is the museum we visited last Saturday. (that / whom / 不填不填)3. The boy John is speaking with is my brother. (which / whom/ 不填不填)4. The building _ walls are white is my uncles house. (which / whose / 不填不填)練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí)鞏

16、固thatthat / 不填不填whom/ 不填不填whose定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解5. Will you please lend me the book _ you bought yesterday? (which / that / whose)6. The girl _ leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to hospital. (who / whom / whose)7. The student _ the teacher praise at the class meeting is our monitor. (which / whom

17、/ whose)8. I found some photos of tourist sites _ were not far away from our city. (which / that /不填不填 )which / that whosewhomwhich / that 定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解看圖填句看圖填句定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解The man _ is Liuxiang.who ran fastestLiuxiang is the man _.who ran fastest定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解a boy， has a scar， forehead Harry Porter is a boy

18、 _ _. who/that has a scar on his forehead定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解xinji is a city _ _.is a city _ _.Xinji a citydevelop fast which /that develops fast定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)1. Is that the house _ you bought last year? A. where B. which2. Is that the picture _ you are laughing at? A. which B.where3. It is the most inter

19、esting book _Ill ever read. A. which B. thatBBA定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解4.The street _is to the park is very narrow. A. where B. which5.The person _finds my watch will get a reward. A. who B. when6.This is the room _ we listened to the lecture. A. which B. whereBAB定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解7.The boy _mother is ill can not come to

20、 the party.A. who B. whose8.Tell me the reason _ you are late.A. which B. whyBB定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解翻譯翻譯1.他指給我看他丟錢包的地方。他指給我看他丟錢包的地方。2.我不認(rèn)識那個和你說話的女孩。我不認(rèn)識那個和你說話的女孩。3.她是一個叫瑪麗的女孩。她是一個叫瑪麗的女孩。 He showed me the place where he lost his wallet.I dont know the girl whom/that you speak to.She is a girl who is called Mary

21、.定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解4.那些正在打網(wǎng)球的男孩是我的朋友。那些正在打網(wǎng)球的男孩是我的朋友。 Those boys who are playing tennis are my friends.定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解關(guān)系代詞that和which在很多情況下可以互換，但哪些情況只能用that?考點(diǎn)一定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解只用只用that，不用，不用which1.all, little, much, few, none, everything, nothing, something, anything 等不定代詞作等不定代詞作先行詞或者先行詞被其所修飾時；先行詞或者先行詞被其所修飾時； All that

22、can be done has been done.2. 序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾先行詞時；序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾先行詞時； This is the best TV that is made in China.3. 先行詞前有先行詞前有the only, the very, the same, the right等修飾時；等修飾時；4.先行詞既有人也有物先行詞既有人也有物5.主句以主句以which, who, what開頭的疑問句開頭的疑問句.Who that you have ever seen can do it better ?定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解有哪些情況關(guān)系代詞不用有哪些情況關(guān)系代

23、詞不用thatthat，而用，而用whichwhich，whowho，whom?whom?考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)二定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解只用只用which，不用，不用that有機(jī)器的房間是車間。有機(jī)器的房間是車間。The room _ there is a machine is a workshop.The room _ there is a machine in is a workshop.in which(which/ that)一、非限制性定語從句一、非限制性定語從句二、用在介詞后二、用在介詞后I have lost the pen, _ I like very much.which定語從句關(guān)系代詞講

24、解1、在非限制性定語從句中，指事物用、在非限制性定語從句中，指事物用which，指人用指人用who或或whom.He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan .Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for a long

25、time.whichwhichwhowhomFill in the blanks定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解1.Her bag ,in which she put all her money, has been stolen.2.This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.3.Xiao Wang ,with whom I went to the concert, enjoyed himself very much.2、在介詞后面，指事物用、在介詞后面，指事物用 which，指人用，指人用whom.定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解(3) whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句

26、注意點(diǎn)引導(dǎo)的定語從句注意點(diǎn)whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，其后應(yīng)緊跟名詞，構(gòu)成名引導(dǎo)定語從句，其后應(yīng)緊跟名詞，構(gòu)成名詞短語。詞短語。 whose與它所修飾的名詞一起可以作介詞的賓語。與它所修飾的名詞一起可以作介詞的賓語。如：如：The boss in whose department he worked had heard the news.他工作所在部門的老板已經(jīng)聽說了他工作所在部門的老板已經(jīng)聽說了這個消息。這個消息。定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解whose的先行詞指物時，可用的先行詞指物時，可用of which代替，但語代替，但語序不同，即序不同，即whose+名詞名詞 = the+名詞名詞+of whic

27、h，或，或= of which + the + 名詞。如：名詞。如：The novel whose title (= the title of which或或of which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting. whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句，其先行詞既可以指人引導(dǎo)的定語從句，其先行詞既可以指人也可以指物。也可以指物。定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解whose的先行詞指人時，可用的先行詞指人時，可用of whom代替，代替，但語序不同，即但語序不同，即whose+名詞名詞 = the+名詞名詞+of whom，或，或= of whom + the +

28、 名詞。如：名詞。如：The boy whose mother (= the mother of whom或或of whom the mother) is a doctor is my friend.定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解The scientist who we met yesterday is very famous whom in the world. that (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.The dress which she is wearing is new. that (1) The scientist is very famous

29、 in the world. We met her yesterday.鞏固練習(xí)：鞏固練習(xí)：1. 用定語從句合并句子用定語從句合并句子定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.He is the kind person who I have ever worked with. whom that This is the best film that I have ever seen. 定語從句關(guān)系代

30、詞講解四四. 介詞介詞+which/ whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句1. 介詞的選用原則：介詞的選用原則：根據(jù)定語從句謂語動詞的習(xí)慣搭配來決定。根據(jù)定語從句謂語動詞的習(xí)慣搭配來決定。This is the book on which I spent 8 dollars.This is the book for which I paid 8 dollars.定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解(2) 根據(jù)先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配來決定。根據(jù)先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配來決定。I remember the day on which I joined the Party.I remember the days during which I lived there.定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解2. 當(dāng)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前面時，關(guān)系代詞只能用當(dāng)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前面時，關(guān)系代詞只能用whom(指人指人)或或which(指物指物)，且關(guān)系代詞不能，且關(guān)系代詞不能省略。省略。The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor. I cant find the pen with which I was writing .定語從句關(guān)系代詞講解3. 當(dāng)介詞位于定語從句末尾時，可用當(dāng)介詞位于定語從句末尾時，可用 which/that(指物指物), who/whom/that(指人指人)作從