2021年西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)2021年博士研究生入學(xué)考試英語試題

1、西北農(nóng)林科技高校 2021 年博士討論生入學(xué)考試英語試題考生答題須知1. 全部題目（包括填空、挑選、圖表等類型題目）答題答案必需做在考點發(fā)給的答題紙上，做在本試題冊上無效；請考生務(wù)必在答題紙上寫清題號；2. 評卷時不評閱本試題冊，答題如有做在本試題冊上而影響成果的，后果由考生自己負責(zé)；3. 答題時一律使用藍、黑色墨水筆或圓珠筆作答（畫圖可用鉛筆），用其它筆答題不給分；4. 答題時不準使用涂改液等具有明顯標記的涂改用品；part l listening comprehension 25 section a: spot dictationdirections:in this section, yo

2、u are going to hear a passage. the passage will he read only once. as you listen to the passage, fill in the blanks with the words you hear. after the passage, there will be a 3-minute pause.during the pause, you must write the words on the answer sheet.a recent university research project investiga

3、ted the attitudes of postgraduate science students 1 the learning of english vocabulary. the results were urprising. ill 2three of them.firstly, most of the stcrdeaats think that 3every word ill english has just one meaning. this is, of course:, completely 4to the facts. a glance at any english dict

4、ionary will show this. the student will5find seven or eight meanings listed for 6simple words.why, then, have these students made such a mistake: one reason irnay be that theyre .ill 7. students. scientists try to use words ill their special subject which have one meaning, and one meaning only. anot

5、her reason., of course,could be the way in which these student, were they may have used vocabulary lists when they first learner english. m one side of the page is the word in iaaglish-, on the other sloe, a single tiord in the q native language.l he second attitude that 10 from the findings isequal

6、ly mistaken. 11all the students think that every word in english has an exact 12 equivalent. again, this is far from the trijth. sometimes one word in iinglish can only be translated by a13in the students native languial c. there are other l4ill translation which we wont mention26here. :ertainly the

7、 idea of a one word for one word translation 15is completely false. translation machines, which tried to work on this 16 failed completely.the third resultof the investigation showed another 17 in the students thinking. they believe that as soon as they know the meaning of a word, theyre in a 18 to

8、use it correctly. this is untrue for any language but is perhaps particularly 19 for english. the student has to learn when to use a word as well as to know what it means. some words in english mean almost the same but they can only be used in certain situations.what, then, is the best way to increa

9、se ones vocabulary. this can be answered in three words-observation, 20 and repetition.section b: multiple choicedirections: in this section, you will hear a passage. at the end of the passage, you will hear s questions.the passage and the question will be read only once. after each question, there

10、will be a pause. during the pause, you must read the four suggested answers marked a, b, c and d and decide which is the best answer. then write your choice on the answer slicet.21. a it had no effect on livingcells. 13 it had effects on living cells. c it had effects only on children. i it had effe

11、cts only on adults.22. a an increasing number of cancers in children.i3 a link between an electric current and the energy fold.c) a causal link between the power-line or device and the energy field.1 a small increased chance ofcancer in children living near electric power-line.23. a 446. 13 464. c 2

12、23. 1234.24. a because he doesnt have enough evidence.r because other scientists have not studied his results yet. c. because he discovered no direct link between disease and electricity.d) because the link between cancer and electricity has not yet been proved.25. a health and environment.b electri

13、c current and the energy field. c electricity and cancer.d electrical workers and cancer.section c: question and answerdirections: in this section, you will hear a passage. the passage will be read only once. then try to answer the followingquestions according to what you have heard. remember you sh

14、ould write your answer on the answer sheet.26. why arent most new doctors interested in beginning work in a small town.27. why do many small town doctors work long hours. 28. what is the growing problem in the united states. 29. how many new doctors did the national health service corps producein 19

15、79.30. whom did a hospital in parkersprary offer a reward o. 5,000 dollar to.part 11. vocabulary 20%,directions : in each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. write your answer on the answer sheet.31. to qualify fo

16、r such a position, the native would first have to receive specialized training, and this is a) refusedb discouragedc deniedd forbidden32. the little girl wore a very thin coat. a sudden gust of cold wind made her a) whirlb shiftc shiverd shake33. presently, there are nine teachers in my team, who ha

17、vethe task of teaching advanced english to more than 500 non-english majors.a) inclinedb hesitatedc affordedd undertaken34. the press demands that politiciansthe sources of their income.a) betrayb concealc disclosed renew35. having gone through all kinds of hardships in life, he became a m with a st

18、rong a) philosophyb idealismc moralityd personality36. one newto learning a foreign language is to study the language in its cultural context.a) approachb solutionc mannerd road37. to maintain publicis not only the policemens duty but f every citizens responsibility.a) customb confidencec securityd

19、simplicity38. all was dark in the district except for a candlethrough th curtains in one of houses.a) glimmeringbglitteringc flamingd blazing39. one of the standsand dozens of people were either killer or injured.a) destroyedb collapsedc corrodedd ruined40. me, afraid of him. he said with ansmile, n

20、ot me.a) contemptibleb amusingc contagiousd contemptuous41. he will simply no listen to anybody; he isto argument.a) imperviousb imperceptiblec impassabled blunt42. stop asking allthese personal questions. it is bad manners to bea) inquisitiveb impatientc acquisitived informative43. hebetween life a

21、nd death for a few days but then he pul:a) hoveredb lurchedc waveredd fluctuated44. we are prepared to satisfy all yourclaima legitimateb legiblec intimated legislative45. there is not a greek word which is the exactof the english word stile.a) equivalentb copyc counterpartd meaning46. the prizes wi

22、ll beat the end of the school year.a) distributedb attributedc grantedd contributed47. during our stay in paris we were splendidlyby the italian ambassador.a) sustainedb maintainedc retainedd entertained48. on leaving, we thanked him most warmly for the hospitalityto us and our friends.a) extendedb

23、expandedc expendedd awarded49. if the dispute is not settled in anway soon, the two countries will certainly go to war.a) amiableb amicablec inimicald unfriendly50, if i may be soas to advise you, my opinion is that you should not reply to his letter.a generousb humblec proudd bold51. if you take an

24、course like her you can learn english in less than two years.a) intensiveb extensivec expansived retentive52. after a years hard work i think i amto a long holiday. 10,a) entailedb deservedc entitledd satisfied53. thousands of peoplefrom greece every year to work in west germany.a) emigrateb leavec

25、abandond immigrate54, lie was a member of the hillarythat conquered mount everest.a missionb invasionc experimentd expedition55. it was my sad duty tothe news of johns death to his family.a submitb breakc sayd proclaim56. hehimself as a war correspondent in vietnam.a discernedb distinguishedc discri

26、minatedd extinguished57. shehis invitation to dinner as she was on a diet.a inclinedb declinedc deniedd disinclined58. he waswith attempted robbery and held in custody.a accusedb prosecutedc chargedd arrested59. what the witness said in court was notwith the statement he made to the police.a prevale

27、ntb relevantc consistentd coincident60. molly has always beep anchild; she becomes ill easily.a delicate b gloomyc energetic d confident61. there are some very beautifullyglass windows in the church.a designed b drawnc marked d stained62. the man who never tries anything new is anon the wheels of pr

28、ogress.a) obstacleb brakec breakd block63. there is a sale at hamfridges next week within all departments.a) decreasesb subtractionsc reductionsd accounts64. doctors have long known that if a patient isthat he will recover and is treated with sympathy, his pain will often disappear.a assumedb assure

29、dc informedd proved65: although most birds have only asense of smell, they have acute vision.a genuine .b negativec negligibled condensed66. we are sorry to say that mary is not the very person who can bewith either money or secret information.a） entrustedb committedcconsignedd assigned67. if you ne

30、ver review your lessons, you will only have yourself toif you fail in your examination.a) complainb blamec mistaked fault68. we were four scores left behind with five minutes to go, so the game looked completely a) irresistibleb irremissiblec irreplaceabled irretrievable69. had the explosion broken

31、out, the passagers in the plane should have been killed, for it wastimed with the planes take-off.a) spontaneouslyb instantaneouslyc simultaneouslyd conscientiously70. the two witnesses who saw the shootings were able towho hard fired first.a) encounterb highlightc testifyd identifypart iii. reading

32、 comprehension 50 minutes, 30 pointsdirections : there are 6 passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them thereare four choices marked a, b, c and d. you should decide on the best choice and write your answer on the answer sheet.one day

33、 in 1963, a dolphin named elvar and a famous astronomer, carl sagan, were playing a little game. the astronomer was visiting an institute which was looking into the way dolphins communicate with each other. he was standing atthe edge of one of the tanks where several of these highly intelligent, fri

34、endly creatures were kept. elvar had just swum up alongside hiui, and had turned on his back. he wanted sagan to scratch his stomach again, as the astronomer had done twice before. but this time elvar was too deep in the water for sagan to reach him. elvar looked up at sagan, waiting. then, after a

35、minute or so, the dolphin leapt up through the water into the air and made a sound just like the word more.the astonished astronomer went -to the director of the institute and told him about the incident.oh, yes: thats one of the words he knows, the director said, showing no surprise at all.dolphins

36、 have bigger brains in proportion to their body size than humans have, andit has been known for a long time that they can make a number o. sounds. what is more, these sounds seem to have different functions, such as warning each other of danger. sound travels much faster ,and much further in water t

37、han it does in air. that is why the parts of the brain that deal with sound are much better developed in dolphins than in humans. but can it be said that dolphins have a language in the real sense of the word. scientists dont agree on this.a language is not just a collection of sounds, or even words

38、. a language has a structure, or what we call a grammar. the grammar of a language helps to give it meaning. for example, the two questions who loves mary. and who does mary love. mean different things. if you stop to think about it, you will see that this difference doesnt come from the words in th

39、e question but from the difference in structure. that is why the question can dolphins speak. cant be answered until we find out if dolphins not only make sounds but also arrange them in ways which affect their meaning.71. the dolphin leapt into the air becausea) sagan had turned his backb) it was p

40、art of the game they were playingc) he wanted sagan to scratch him againd) sagan wanted him to do this72. when sagan told the director about what the dolphin had done, the directora) didnt seem to think it was unusualb) thought sagan was jokingc) told sagan about other words the dolphin knewd) asked

41、 him if he knew other words73. dolphins brains are particularly well-developed toa) help them to travel fast in waterb) arrange sounds in different structuresc) respond to different kinds of soundd) communicate with humans through sound74. the sounds we call words can be called a language only ifa)

42、each sound has a different meaningb) each sound is different from the otherc) there is a system of writingd) they have a structure or grammar（2）married people live happily ever after in fairy tales, but they do so less and less often in real life. 1, like many of my friends, got married, divorced, a

43、nd remarried. i suppose, to some people, im a failure. after all, i broke my first solemn promise to love and cherish until death us do part. but i feel that im finally a success. i learned from the mistakes i made in my first marriage. this time around, the ways my husband and i share our free time

44、, make decisions, and deal with problems are very different.i learned, first of all, not to be a clinging vine 依靠 男子 的婦 女 . in my first marriage, i felt the every moment we spent apart was wasted. if ray wanted to go out to a bar with his friends to watch a football game, i felt rejected and talked

45、him into staying home. i wouldnt accept an offer to go to a movie or join anexercise class it it meant that ray would be home alone. i realize now that we were often angry with each other just because we spent too much time together. in contrast, my second husband and i spend some of our treetime ap

46、art and try to have interests of our own. i have started playing racquetball at a health club, and david sometimes takes off to go to the local auto races with his friends. when we are together, we arent bored with each other; our separate interests make us more interesting people.i learned not only

47、 to be apart sometimes but also to work together when itstime to make decisions. when ray and i were married, i left all the important decisions to him. he decided how we would spend money, whether we should sell the car or fix it, and where to take a vacation. i know now that i went along withthis

48、so that i wouldnthave to take the responsibilitywhen things went wrong. i could always end anargument by saying, it was your fault. with my second marriage, i am trying to be a full partner. we ask each others opinions on major decisions and try to compromise if we disagree. if we make the wrong cho

49、ice, were equally guilty. when we rented an apartment, for example, we both had to take the blame for not noticing the drafty windows and the no pets clause in our lease.maybe the most important thing ive learned is to be a grown-up about facing problems. david and i have made a vow to face our trou

50、bles like adults. if were mad at each other or worried and upset, we say how we feel. rather than hide behind our own misery, we talk about the problem until we discover how to fix it. everybody argues or has to deal with the occasional crisis, but ray and i always reacted like children to these sto

51、rmy times. i would lock myself in the spare bedroom. ray would stalk out of the house, slam the door, and race off in the car. then i would cry and worry till he returned.i wish that my first marriage hadnt been the place where i learned how to make a relationship work,but at least i did learn. 1 fe

52、el better now about being an independent person, about making decisions, and about facing problems. my second marriage isnt perfect, but it doesnt have the deep flaws that made the first one fall apart.75. which of the following has contributed to the writers divorce.a) her former husband went out t

53、o watch football games.b) she started to play racquetball at a health club.c) they spent too much time together and got bored with each other.d) they spent so little time together that they could not talk to each other.76. it can be learned from the passage that the writer, in her first marriage,a)

54、took less responsibility than she should for major decisionb) tool: the same responsibility as her husbandc) took more blame when things went wrongd) felt equally guilty when things went wrong77. which of the following that the author should have said when she quarrelled with her former husband but

55、she did not.a) it was your fault.b) maybe youre right.c) its none of your business.d) its none of my business.78. all the problems between the writer and david can be resolved becausea) they hide their feelingsb) they lock themselves in their bedroomc) they have promised not to be mad at each otherd

56、) they dare to face them79, the writers second marriage is different from the first one in all the following ways excepta) that they share their free timeb) that they make their decisions togetherc) that they talk to each otherd) that they deal with their troubles together80. the best title for the passage isa) first marriageb)